2021

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Processing pain whilst pushing for progress, back of the queue and frontline. CBT for African & Caribbean communities.

The December BABCP Article of the Month is from the Cognitive Behaviour Therapist and is entitled “Frontline yet at the back of the queue – improving access and adaptations to CBT for Black African and Caribbean communities” by Leila Lawton, Melissa McRae and Lorraine Gordon The thirst for us to write this paper extends beyond our professional roles having witnessed (and continuing to witness)  the devastating consequences of poor mental health within our Black African and Caribbean families and communities. The…

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Invasions by parasites with complex life cycles

Biological invasions have significant impacts on biodiversity, community structure, and ecosystem processes, often leading to the emergence of diseases that could have significant economic, public health, and conservation implications. These invasions are usually driven by anthropogenic disturbances on ecosystems and the increased movement of goods and people on a global scale.

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Why Leaders Fail: Criteria for Evaluating Prospective Organizational Leaders that Likely Will Not Show Up in an Ad, Job Description, Resume, Cover Letter, or Interview Protocol

Leadership search and selection processes typically focus on positive experiences and accomplishments and on positive leadership dispositions. And yet, when leaders fail, it is usually because of negative behavior patterns that are associated with specific social, emotional and motivational deficits.

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Tolerating discomfort and engaging authentically – ethical challenges in developing culturally responsive clinical practices with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people

Australian First Nation peoples’ mental health and wellbeing experiences are holistic and deeply linked to Country, kin and culture. A recently published article, “Understanding and working with different worldviews to co-design cultural security in clinical mental health settings to engage with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander clients”, explains how bringing First Nation worldviews together with non-Indigenous worldviews has opened up conversations and reflections about the ethical guidelines by which many mental health practitioners frame their work practices.…

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Making gratis greener

In 2020 Cambridge reviewed our policy of providing print copies to Editorial Board members of Cambridge-owned journals. In our Q&A with Ella Colvin , Director of Publishing – Journals, reflects on this project and our plans for a greener future.

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Survivor guilt: A cognitive approach

The November BABCP Article of the Month is from the Cognitive Behaviour Therapist (tCBT) and is entitled “Survivor guilt: a cognitive approach” by Hannah Murray, Yasmin Pethania and Evelina Medin The first client I saw with survivor guilt was a military veteran who had swapped patrols with a fellow soldier, only for his friend to be killed in an explosion.…

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Stress and diet interact to change our brain’s response to the foods we eat

After a long, hard day - taking care of the kids, going to work or school, keeping up the house - would you rather sit down for a snack or to a large, satisfying meal? When we eat, our bodies receive necessary fuel, but food does more than provide nutrients. Food is a natural reward that makes us feel good, and there is a greater variety of foods available now than ever before. However, stress from day-to-day life and internal stressors interact with what we choose to eat. Within this context, we can explore how acute or chronic stress alter food intake behaviours that may contribute to the increasing prevalence of obesity worldwide.

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Socratic questioning put into clinical practice | Socratic dialogue in CBT

Socratic questioning is a core communication skill in the process and delivery of cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT). The mastery of this clinical skill requires enduring training, practice and supervision, which are intrinsically linked to therapists’ competence development and personal growth. Surprisingly, there are few practical and theoretical resources to assist clinicians’ and psychotherapy trainees’ learning, and little research has been conducted on the process and mechanisms of change underlying the use of Socratic questioning in CBT.

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“I don’t need to worry about anybody else and what they’re thinking… I’m not as paranoid”: Using compassionate imagery to overcome paranoia.

The October BABCP Article of the Month is from Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy (BCP) and is entitled “A compassionate imagery intervention for patients with persecutory delusions” by Ava Forkert, Poppy Brown, Daniel Freeman and Felicity Waite “I don’t feel quite so threatened as I did.…

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To Zoom or not to Zoom?

One thing is certain. Life will never be the same again after this devastating pandemic caused by Covid19. But in this new norm, not all is bad. Certainly, clinical psychiatry and the interaction of psychiatrists with patients and with colleagues has become significantly better despite the challenges of digital exclusion and digital poverty. For once there is real choice, for patients as well as for psychiatrists. A parallel pandemic of digital psychiatry has imploded across the globe, and so virtual consultations have become a reality

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Infant Formula Websites Overtly Discourage Breastfeeding

Direct-to-consumer messages on company websites promote benefits of formula feeding, position it as superior to breastmilk An analysis of websites for baby formula manufacturers finds that their messages and images discourage breastfeeding while touting the benefits of formula, despite public health efforts to support breastfeeding and informed choice.…

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Lockdown effect on cryptosporidiosis in New Zealand

Cryptosporidium species are intestinal parasites that infect a wide range of vertebrate host species, causing a considerable burden of gastrointestinal disease. Cryptosporidium infections in humans are mostly caused by two species: C. hominis, which is primarily transmitted from human-to-human, and C. parvum, which is mainly derived from animals, particularly livestock.

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Good news, everyone: Women feel more attractive before ovulation

Evolution has shaped women’s ovulatory cycles to be characterised by complex recurring physiological processes of changing hormones and organ tissue. However, these changes often bring about unwanted aspects – be it premenstrual symptoms such as mood swings, feeling bloated or anxious, menstrual pain, or – still way too often – menstrual shame.…

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Nature and Human Health

The RCPsych Article of the Month for August is ‘The need for biodiversity champions in psychiatry: the entwined crises of climate change and ecological collapse‘ and the blog is written by author Dr Jacob Krzanowski published in BJPsych Bulletin Scientists have shown that through the cumulative effects of habitat loss, climate change, and pollution, life on Earth is crossing into the sixth mass extinction event.…

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Reducing ultra-processed foods in your diet is an effective way to lower your intake of saturated fats

Ultra-processed foods are industrial formulations of processed food substances (like oils, fats, sugars, starch, protein isolates) that contain little or no whole food and typically include flavorings, colorings, emulsifiers and other cosmetic additives. These characteristics in addition to their low-cost, convenience and aggressive marketing make them very appealing to eat. Almost irresistible.

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How a nutrition-sensitive agroecological intervention improved women’s mental health

Maria is a smallholder farmer in rural Singida, Tanzania. We worked together for the past few years on the Singida Nutrition and Agroecology Project (SNAP-Tz), a nutrition-sensitive agroecological intervention that sought to improve children’s diet. In it, farmers learned about and experimented with sustainable agriculture, nutrition, and gender equity using an integrated and participatory curriculum

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Mental Health and Children with Intellectual Disability: A Quadruple Inequality

Fortunately, we have moved on from a time when individuals with intellectual disability may have been considered incapable of experiencing mental health problems. However, in the context of current talk about mental health crises, the mental health of children and young people with intellectual disability is perhaps the biggest crisis of them all. Children with intellectual disability face a quadruple inequality in relation to their mental health.

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Food insecurity and hunger drives higher levels of fast-food consumption in adolescents

Fast-food is sold in restaurants and snack bars as a quick meal or to be taken out, and often consists of low-nutrient and energy-dense foods. Consequently, fast-food consumers tend to have higher intakes of energy, fat, saturated fatty acids, trans fatty acids, sugar and sodium, as well as lower intakes of fibre, macronutrients and vitamins. This means that regular fast-food consumers have a higher risk of multiple physical and mental health complications. Worryingly, among adolescents the consumption of fast food is on the rise across the globe.

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The barriers, benefits and training needs of clinicians delivering psychological therapy via video.

The May BABCP Article of the Month is from Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy and is entitled “The barriers, benefits and training needs of clinicians delivering psychological therapy via video” by Joshua Buckman, Rob Saunders, Judy Leibowitz and Rebecca Minton As lockdowns were announced in response to COVID-19, services had to radically change how psychological treatment was provided, moving from face-to-face to remote delivery.…

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Can we nudge populations’ diets?

The challenges in improving nations’ diets persist. As we try to overcome these, an area that is gaining traction is nudging. But can nudge-based interventions change food choice, and enable better decisions when it comes to choosing what to eat? And actually, how effective are they in real-world settings?

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Insights from Hikikomori (prolonged social withdrawal) for global psychiatry

Hikikomori is a Japanese term that refers to extreme social isolation. First introduced to the medical community by psychiatrist Tamaki Saito in a bestselling book in 1998, the condition has since seen much interest. In Japan, prevalence studies estimating it to occur in 1.2% of 20-49yr olds seemed to confirm anecdotal concerns from many parents worried about whether their children might suffer from the condition and attracted government attention.

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Can we improve outcomes for teenagers with social anxiety disorder treated in NHS CAMHS services?

The April BABCP Article of the Month is from Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy and is entitled “Delivering cognitive therapy for adolescent social anxiety disorder in NHS CAMHS: a clinical and cost analysis” by Eleanor Leigh, Cathy Creswell, Paul Stallard, Polly Waite, Mara Violato, Samantha Pearcey, Emma Brooks, Lucy Taylor, Emma Warnock-Parkes and David M.…

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Toxoplasma gondii: one species with several genotypes; but do these induce differences in the host’s immune response?

The latest Paper of the Month for Parasitology is “Early immune responses and parasite tissue distribution in mice experimentally infected with oocysts of either archetypal or non-archetypal genotypes of Toxoplasma gondii“ Toxoplasmosis is a well-known disease caused by the single celled parasite called Toxoplasma gondii, which is found worldwide.…

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“Talking is hard but not harder than the experience itself”: unaccompanied minors’ experience of narrative exposure therapy

The March 2021 British Association for Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapies (BABCP) Article of the Month is from the Cognitive Behaviour Therapist and is entitled “Unaccompanied minors’ experiences of narrative exposure therapy” by Glorianne Said, Yaman Alqadri and Dorothy King We are aware that post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a difficulty many unaccompanied asylum-seeking minors (UAM) experience (Fazel, Reed, Panter-Brick, & Stein, 2012; Huemer et al.,…

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Gender in Childhood Goes Beyond Pink or Blue

When people think about gender in children, the focus is often around differences between girls and boys. But most modern research on gender development highlights how this focus overlooks two important themes: boys and girls, at the group level, are much more similar to one another than they are different, and there is so much variation within gender groups that those comparisons are flawed to begin with.…

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Child Welfare, Protection, and Justice

I immensely enjoyed writing this booklet on universal conceptualisation of child welfare, protection, and justice. I am sure that the reader of this Element will find the conceptualisation very refreshing, no matter which part of the world he or she belongs to.…

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Looking at Pictures

The RCPsych Article of the Month for February is: ‘Mad agency’, reflections on Goya’s ‘The Madhouse’ by Jennifer Radden published in BJPsych Bulletin.

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Repairing the soul: Cognitive Therapy for Moral Injury after Trauma

The February BABCP Article of the Month is from the Cognitive Behaviour Therapist and is entitled “Cognitive Therapy for Moral Injury in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder” by Hannah Murray and Anke Ehlers Media images of healthcare professionals overwhelmed and exhausted by a relentless torrent of seriously ill and dying patients have filled our screens over recent weeks.…

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Granulocyte vs. oncosphere – who’s calling the shots?

The latest Paper of the Month for Parasitology is Agranulocytosis leads to intestinal Echinococcus multilocularis oncosphere invasion and hepatic metacestode development in naturally resistant Wistar rats Let me introduce you to a tiny tapeworm that is widely distributed in the northern hemisphere: Echinococcus multilocularis.…

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Rix’s Expert Psychiatric Evidence

This week at London’s Central Criminal Court, or the Old Bailey as it is known, I was asked by another expert why the judges all wear black robes instead of the colourful dress of other circuit judges and why they are addressed as ‘My Lord’ or ‘My Lady’ instead of ‘Your Honour’.…

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Preventing harm related to CBT supervision

The January 2021 British Association for Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapies (BABCP) Article of the Month is from the Cognitive Behaviour Therapist and is entitled “Preventing harm related to CBT supervision: a theoretical review and preliminary framework” by Derek Milne Reflecting on this review paper, I feel like making a confession.…

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