{"id":26374,"date":"2018-10-25T10:00:00","date_gmt":"2018-10-25T09:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.journals.cambridge.org\/?p=26374"},"modified":"2019-11-18T10:57:39","modified_gmt":"2019-11-18T10:57:39","slug":"marine-protected-areas-and-marine-spatial-planning-for-the-benefit-of-marine-mammals","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/blog\/2018\/10\/25\/marine-protected-areas-and-marine-spatial-planning-for-the-benefit-of-marine-mammals\/","title":{"rendered":"Marine protected areas and marine spatial planning for the benefit of marine mammals"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>

The world\u2019s oceans that make up more than 70% of the earth\u2019s surface face a wide range of human pressures.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

This applies particularly to the coastal zone, where marine mammal communities in almost 50% of the world\u2019s coastal waters are considered at high-risk. One means of tackling conservation pressures facing marine species has been to establish marine protected areas, although, as yet, these apply to only 5% of the world\u2019s seas.<\/p>\n

The first marine protected area (MPA) for cetaceans was established in 1971 in Laguna Ojo de Liebre otherwise known as Scammon\u2019s Lagoon, in Baja California, Mexico to protect the winter breeding grounds of the gray whale (Eschrichtius robustus). Forty years later, there were at least 650 protected areas which included marine mammals. However, many of these were not established specifically for marine mammals, and have no detailed management measures targeting them. Even when supposedly designated for them (e.g. the Irish Whale & Dolphin Sanctuary), they provide little in the way of specific conservation measures.<\/p>\n

On the other hand, if implemented properly, they can be effective, as shown for example in the case of the Banks Peninsula Marine Mammal Sanctuary in New Zealand which appears to have been successful in enabling the local population of the endangered Hector\u2019s dolphin to increase by 6% per annum. Although frequently not followed, there have been a number of attempts to provide guidelines for how to make MPAs effective, including some focused upon MPAs for marine mammals.<\/p>\n

Read the full Foreword here<\/a> as part of the Marine Mammals Special Issue<\/a> in the\u00a0Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom<\/em><\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

 <\/p>\n

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Bottlenose dolphin in the Cardigan Bay Special Area of Conservation, West Wales<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Photo credit:<\/strong>\u00a0Peter GH Evans<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The world\u2019s oceans that make up more than 70% of the earth\u2019s surface face a wide range of human pressures. This applies particularly to the coastal zone, where marine mammal communities in almost 50% of the world\u2019s coastal waters are considered at high-risk. One means of tackling conservation pressures facing marine species has been to […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":660,"featured_media":26375,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":true,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2248,19,1],"tags":[4999,5000,5005,6677,5001,5769,673,1457,2322,684,325,5002,5003,1388,5006,5004,1395,1325,5526],"coauthors":[4998],"class_list":["post-26374","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-earth-environmental-science","category-life-sciences","category-news","tag-bottlenose","tag-bottlenose-dolphin","tag-cetaceans","tag-climate-and-sustainability","tag-dolphin","tag-earthday","tag-endangered-species","tag-jmba","tag-marine-biological-association-of-the-united-kingdom","tag-marine-biology","tag-marine-conservation","tag-marine-mammals","tag-marine-protected-area","tag-marine-science","tag-marine-species","tag-mpa","tag-ocean","tag-ocean-science","tag-worldwildlifeday"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26374","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/660"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26374"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26374\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26375"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26374"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=26374"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26374"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=26374"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}