Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-m8qmq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-17T05:49:34.626Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Part I - Intelligence and Its Measurement

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 December 2019

Robert J. Sternberg
Affiliation:
Cornell University, New York
Get access

Summary

Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Chapter
Information
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2020

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

References

Anderson, J. R. (2015). The adaptive character of thought. New York: Psychology Press.Google Scholar
Arlin, P. K. (1975). Cognitive development in adulthood: A fifth stage? Developmental Psychology, 11, 602606.Google Scholar
Berry, J. W. (1974). Radical cultural relativism and the concept of intelligence. In Berry, J. W. & Dasen, P. R. (Eds.), Culture and cognition: Readings in cross-cultural psychology (pp. 225229). London: Methuen.Google Scholar
Berry, J. W., & Irvine, S. H. (1986). Bricolage: Savages do it daily. In Sternberg, R. J. & Wagner, R. K. (Eds.), Practical intelligence: Nature and origins of competence in the everyday world (pp. 271306). New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Brainerd, C. J. (1978). The stage question in cognitive-developmental theory. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 1, 173182.Google Scholar
Bryant, P. E., & Trabasso, T. (1971). Transitive inferences and memory in young children. Nature, 13, 456458.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carroll, J. B. (1993). Human cognitive abilities: A survey of factor-analytic studies. New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Case, R. (1984). The process of stage transition: A neo-Piagetian view. In Sternberg, R. J. (Ed.), Mechanisms of cognitive development (pp. 2044). New York: Freeman.Google Scholar
Cattell, R. B. (1963). Theory of fluid and crystallized intelligence: A critical experiment. Journal of Educational Psychology, 54, 122.Google Scholar
Cattell, R. B. (1971). Abilities: Their structure, growth, and action. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.Google Scholar
Cronbach, L. J. (1957). The two disciplines of scientific psychology. American Psychologist, 12, 671684.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Deary, I. J. (2000). Looking down on human intelligence: From psychometrics to the brain. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Eysenck, H. J., & Kamin, L. (1981). Intelligence: The battle for the mind. New York: Macmillan.Google Scholar
Feuerstein, R. (1979). The dynamic assessment of retarded performers: The learning potential assessment device, theory, instruments, and techniques. Baltimore, MD: University Park Press.Google Scholar
Flynn, J. R. (2016). Does your family make you smart? Nature, nurture, and human autonomy. New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Galotti, K. (2016). Cognitive development: Infancy through adolescence (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Gardner, H. (1983). Frames of mind: The theory of multiple intelligences. New York: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Gardner, H. (2011). Frames of mind: The theory of multiple intelligences. New York: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Gazzaniga, M. S. (1970). The bisected brain. East Norwalk, CT: Appleton-Century-Crofts.Google Scholar
Goswami, U. (Ed.) (2013). The Wiley-Blackwell handbook of child cognitive development (2nd ed.). New York: Wiley-Blackwell.Google Scholar
Grigorenko, E. L., & Sternberg, R. J. (1998). Dynamic testing. Psychological Bulletin, 124, 75111.Google Scholar
Guilford, J. P. (1967). The nature of human intelligence. New York: McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar
Guilford, J. P. (1988). Some changes in the structure-of-intellect model. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 48, 14.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gur, R. C., Turetsky, B. I., Matsui, M., Yan, M., Bilker, W., Hughett, P., & Gur, R. E. (1999). Sex differences in brain gray and white matter in healthy young adults: Correlations with cognitive performance. Journal of Neuroscience, 19, 40654072.Google Scholar
Haier, R. J. (2017). The neuroscience of intelligence. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Haier, R. J., Siegel, B., Tang, C., Abel, L., & Buchsbaum, M. S. (1992a). Intelligence and changes in regional cerebral glucose metabolic-rate following learning. Intelligence, 16, 415426.Google Scholar
Haier, R. J., Siegel, B. V. Jr., MacLachlan, A., Soderling, E., Lottenberg, S., & Buchsbaum, M. S. (1992b). Regional glucose metabolic changes after learning a complex visuospatial/motor task: A positron emission tomographic study. Brain Research, 570, 134143.Google Scholar
Herrnstein, R. (1973). IQ in the meritocracy. New York: Little-Brown.Google Scholar
Hickendorff, M., van Putten, C. M., Verhelst, N. D., & Heiser, W. J. (2010). Individual differences in strategy use on division problems: Mental versus written computation. Journal of Educational Psychology, 102, 438452.Google Scholar
Hunt, E. (1980). Intelligence as an information processing concept. British Journal of Psychology, 71, 449474.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hunt, E. (2010). Human intelligence. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Jensen, A. R. (1998). The g factor. Westport, CT: Praeger.Google Scholar
Johnson, W., & Bouchard, T., Jr. (2005). The structure of human intelligence: It is verbal, perceptual, and image rotation (VPR), not fluid and crystallized. Intelligence, 33, 393416.Google Scholar
Jung, R. E., & Haier, R. J. (2007). The parieto-frontal integration theory (P-FIT) of intelligence: Converging neuroimaging evidence. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 30(2), 135154; discussion 154187. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X07001185CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kamin, L. (1974). The science and politics of IQ. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Levy, J., Trevarthen, C., & Sperry, R. W. (1972). Perception of bilateral chimeric figures following hemispheric disconnection. Brain, 95, 6178.Google Scholar
Lubinski, D. (in press). Mapping the outer envelope of intelligence: A multidimensional view from the top. In Sternberg, R. J. (Ed.), The nature of human intelligence. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Mandelman, S. D., & Grigorenko, E. L. (2011). Genes, environments, and their interactions. In Sternberg, R. J. & Kaufman, S. B. (Eds.), Cambridge handbook of intelligence (pp. 85106). New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Neubauer, A., Freudenthaler, H. H., & Pfurtscheller, G. (1995). Intelligence and spatiotemporal patterns of event-related desynchronization (ERD). Intelligence, 20, 249266.Google Scholar
Newell, A., & Simon, H. A. (1972). Human problem solving. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.Google Scholar
Pietschnig, J., Penke, L., Wicherts, J. M., Zeiler, M., & Voracek, M. (2015). Meta-analysis of associations between human brain volume and intelligence differences: How strong are they and what do they mean?” Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 57, 411432.Google Scholar
Plomin, R., DeFries, J. C., Knopik, V. S., & Neiderhiser, J. (2012). Behavioral genetics (6th ed.). New York: Worth.Google Scholar
Roid, G. H. (2003). Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales (5th ed.). Itasca, IL: Riverside Publishing Company.Google Scholar
Schank, R. C. (1972). Conceptual dependency: A theory of natural language understanding. Cognitive Psychology, 3, 552631.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spearman, C. (1923). The nature of “intelligence” and the principles of cognition. London: Macmillan.Google Scholar
Spearman, C. (1927). The abilities of man: Their nature and assessment. New York: Macmillan.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J. (1977). Intelligence, information processing, and analogical reasoning: The componential analysis of human abilities. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J. (1983). Components of human intelligence. Cognition, 15, 148.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J. (Ed.) (1984). Mechanisms of cognitive development. San Francisco: Freeman.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J. (Ed.) (1985a). Human abilities: An information-processing approach. San Francisco: Freeman.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J. (1985b). Human intelligence: The model is the message. Science, 230, 11111118.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J. (Ed.) (1988). Advances in the psychology of human intelligence, vol. 4. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J. (1990). Metaphors of mind: Conceptions of the nature of intelligence. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J. (2003). Wisdom, intelligence, and creativity synthesized. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J. (2004). Culture and intelligence. American Psychologist, 59(5), 325338.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J., & Grigorenko, E. L. (1999). Genetics and intelligence. Journal of American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 38, 486488.Google ScholarPubMed
Sternberg, R. J., & Grigorenko, E. L. (2002). Dynamic testing. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J., & Kaufman, S. B. (Eds.) (2011). Cambridge handbook of intelligence. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J., & Weil, E. M. (1980). An aptitude–strategy interaction in linear syllogistic reasoning. Journal of Educational Psychology, 72, 226234.Google Scholar
Thurstone, L. L. (1924). The nature of intelligence. New York: Harcourt Brace.Google Scholar
Thurstone, L. L. (1938). Primary mental abilities. Chicago: University of Chicago.Google Scholar
Toklas, A. B. (1963). What is remembered? New York: Holt.Google Scholar
Turkheimer, E., Haley, A., Waldron, M., d’Onofrio, B., & Gottesman, I. (2003). Socioeconomic status modifies heritability of IQ in young children. Psychological Science, 14, 623628. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.0956-7976.2003.psci_1475.xGoogle Scholar
Vernon, P. E. (1950). The structure of human abilities. London: Methuen.Google Scholar
Visser, B. A., Ashton, M. C., & Vernon, P. A. (2006). Beyond g: Putting multiple intelligences theory to the test. Intelligence, 34(5), 487502.Google Scholar
Vygotsky, L. (1978). Mind in society. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Wechsler, D. (2008). Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale – Fourth Edition. San Antonio, TX: Psychological Corporation.Google Scholar
Willis, J. O., Dumont, R., & Kaufman, A. S. (2011). Factor-analytic models of intelligence. In Sternberg, R. J. & Kaufman, S. B. (Eds.), Cambridge handbook of intelligence (pp. 3957). New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Witelson, S. F., Beresh, H., & Kigar, D. L. (2006). Intelligence and brain size in 100 postmortem brains: Sex, lateralization and age factors. Brain, 129, 386398.Google Scholar

References

Adler, M. J. (Ed.) (1987). Great books of the Western world, 54 vols. Chicago: Encyclopedia Britannica.Google Scholar
Ambrose, D., & Sternberg, R. J. (Eds.) (2012). How dogmatic beliefs harm creativity and higher level thinking. New York: Taylor & Francis.Google Scholar
Ambrose, D., Sternberg, R. J., & Sriraman, B. (Eds.) (2012). Confronting dogmatism in gifted education. New York: Taylor & Francis.Google Scholar
Asbury, K., & Plomin, R. (2013). G is for genes: The impact of genetics on education and achievement. New York: Wiley-Blackwell.Google Scholar
Bruner, J. (1977). The process of education. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Carr, P. B., & Dweck, C. S. (2011). Intelligence and motivation. In Sternberg, R. J. & Kaufman, S. B. (Eds.), Cambridge handbook of intelligence (pp. 748770). New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Carroll, J. B. (1993). Human cognitive abilities: A survey of factor-analytic studies. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Conway, A. R. A., Getz, S. J., Macnamara, B., & Engel de Abreu, P. M. J. (2011). Working memory and intelligence. In Sternberg, R. J. & Kaufman, S. B. (Eds.), Cambridge handbook of intelligence (pp. 394418). New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Cropley, D. H., Cropley, A. J., Kaufman, J. C., & Runco, M. A. (Eds.) (2010). The dark side of creativity. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Davidson, J. E. (2011). Contemporary models of intelligence. In Sternberg, R. J. & Kaufman, S. B. (Eds.), Cambridge handbook of intelligence (pp. 5882). New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dewey, J. (1938/1997). Experience and education. New York: Free Press.Google Scholar
Ericsson, K. A., & Pool, R. (2017). Peak: Secrets from the new science of expertise. New York: Eamon-Dolen/Mariner Books.Google Scholar
Flynn, J. R. (2012). Are we getting smarter? Rising IQ in the twenty-first century. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Galton, F. (1883). Inquiry into human faculty and its development. London: Macmillan.Google Scholar
Gardner, H. (2011). Frames of mind: The theory of multiple intelligences. New York: Basic.Google Scholar
Haier, R. J. (2017). The neuroscience of intelligence. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Herrnstein, R., & Murray, C. (1994). The bell curve. New York: Free Press.Google Scholar
Hunt, E. (2010). Human intelligence. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Intelligence and its measurement: A symposium” (1921). Journal of Educational Psychology, 12, 123147, 195216, 271275.Google Scholar
Janis, I. L. (1972). Victims of groupthink. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.Google Scholar
Jensen, A. R. (1998). The g factor: The science of mental ability. Westport, CT: Praeger-Greenwood.Google Scholar
Kahneman, D. (2013). Thinking, fast and slow. New York: Farrar, Straus, Giroux.Google Scholar
Kamin, L. J. (1974). The science and politics of IQ. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbuam.Google Scholar
Kaufman, J. C., & Plucker, J. A. (2011). Intelligence and creativity. In Sternberg, R. J. & Kaufman, S. B. (Eds.), Cambridge handbook of intelligence (pp. 771783). New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Kihlstrom, J. F., & Cantor, N. (2011). Social intelligence. In Sternberg, R. J. & Kaufman, S. B. (Eds.), Cambridge handbook of intelligence (pp. 564581). New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Lewontin, R. C., Rose, S., & Kamin, L. J. (2017). Not in our genes: Biology, ideology, and human nature (2nd ed.). Chicago: Haymarket Books.Google Scholar
Lipman-Blumen, J. (2006). The allure of toxic leaders: Why we follow destructive bosses and corrupt politicians … and how we can survive them. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Mackintosh, N. J. (2011a). History of theories and measurement of intelligence. In Sternberg, R. J. & Kaufman, S. B. (Eds.), Cambridge handbook of intelligence (pp. 319). New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Mackintosh, N. J. (2011b). IQ and human intelligence. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Mandelman, S. D., & Grigorenko, E. L. (2011). Intelligence: Genes, environments, and their interactions. In Sternberg, R. J. & Kaufman, S. B. (Eds.), Cambridge handbook of intelligence (pp. 86106). New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Nettelbeck, T. (2011). Basic processes of intelligence. In Sternberg, R. J. & Kaufman, S. B. (Eds.), Cambridge handbook of intelligence (pp. 371393). New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Schultz, D. P., & Schultz, S. E. (2015). A history of modern psychology. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishers.Google Scholar
Spearman, C. (1923). The nature of “intelligence” and the principles of cognition. London: Macmillan.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J. (1977). Intelligence, information processing, and analogical reasoning: The componential analysis of human abilities. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J. (Ed.) (1985). Human abilities: An information-processing approach. San Francisco: Freeman.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J. (1990). Metaphors of mind. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J. (1997). Successful intelligence. New York: Plume.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J. (2005). Foolishness. In Sternberg, R. J. & Jordan, J. (Eds.), Handbook of wisdom: Psychological perspectives (pp. 331352). New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J. (2017). ACCEL: A new model for identifying the gifted. Roeper Review, 39(3), 139152.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J. (2019). Why people often prefer wise guys to guys who are wise: An augmented balance theory of the production and reception of wisdom. In Sternberg, R. J. & Glueck, J. (Eds.), Cambridge handbook of wisdom (pp. 162181). New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J., & Detterman, D. K. (Eds.) (1986). What is intelligence? Norwood, NJ: Ablex Publishing Corporation.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J., Forsythe, G. B., Hedlund, J., Horvath, J., Snook, S., Williams, W. M., et al. (2000). Practical intelligence in everyday life. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J., & Grigorenko, E. L. (2001). A capsule history of theory and research on styles. In Sternberg, R. J. & Zhang, L. F. (Eds.), Perspectives on thinking, learning and cognitive styles (pp. 121). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J., Guyote, M. J., & Turner, M. E. (1980). Deductive reasoning. In Snow, R. E., Federico, P. A., & Montague, W. E. (Eds.), Aptitude, learning, and instruction: Cognitive process analyses of aptitude (vol. 1, pp. 219245). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J., & Jordan, J. (Eds.) (2005). Handbook of wisdom: Psychological perspectives. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J., & O’Hara, L. A. (1999). Creativity and intelligence. In Sternberg, R. J. (Ed.), Handbook of creativity (pp. 251272). New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J., & Smith, C. (1985). Social intelligence and decoding skills in nonverbal communication. Social Cognition, 2, 168192.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J., & Weil, E. M. (1980). An aptitude–strategy interaction in linear syllogistic reasoning. Journal of Educational Psychology, 72, 226234.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thurstone, L. L. (1938). Primary mental abilities. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Totten, S., & Parsons, W. S. (Eds.) (2008). Century of genocide: Critical essays and eyewitness accounts. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Vernon, P. A. (Ed.) (1988). Speed of information processing. Westport, CT: Praeger.Google Scholar
Wagner, R. K. (2011). Practical intelligence. In Sternberg, R. J. & Kaufman, S. B. (Eds.), Cambridge handbook of intelligence (pp. 550563). New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Watson, J. (1930/1970). Behaviorism. New York: W. W. Norton.Google Scholar
Zhang, L.-F., Sternberg, R. J., & Rayner, S. (Eds.) (2012). Handbook of intellectual styles. New York: Springer.Google Scholar

References

Binet, A., & Simon, T. (1916a). The development of intelligence in children (trans. E. S. Kite). Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins.Google Scholar
Binet, A., & Simon, T. (1916b). The intelligence of the feeble-minded (E. S. Kite, trans.).Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins.Google Scholar
Brown, A. L., & DeLoache, J. S. (1978). Skills, plans, and self-regulation. In Siegler, R. (Ed.), Children’s thinking: What develops? (pp. 335). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Burt, C. (1940). The factors of the mind. London: University of London Press.Google Scholar
Carroll, J. B. (1993). Human cognitive abilities: A survey of factor-analytic studies. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Cattell, J. M. (1890). Mental tests and measurements. Mind, 15, 373380.Google Scholar
Cattell, R. B. (1971). Abilities: Their structure, growth, and action. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.Google Scholar
Flavell, J. H. (1981). Cognitive monitoring. In Dickson, W. P. (Ed.), Children’s oral communication skills (pp. 3560). New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Flavell, J. H., & Wellman, H. M. (1977). Metamemory. In Kail, R. V. & Hagen, J. W. (Eds.), Perspectives on the development of memory and cognition (pp. 333). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Galton, F. (1883). Inquiry into human faculty and its development. London: Macmillan.Google Scholar
Goddard, H. H. (1912). The Kallikak family: A study in the heredity of feeble-mindedness. New York: Macmillan.Google Scholar
Goddard, H. H. (1914). Feeble-mindedness: Its causes and consequences. New York: Macmillan.Google Scholar
Guilford, J. P. (1956). The structure of intellect. Psychological Bulletin, 53, 267293.Google Scholar
Guilford, J. P. (1967). The nature of human intelligence. New York: McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar
Guilford, J. P. (1982). Cognitive psychology’s ambiguities: Some suggested remedies. Psychological Review, 89, 4859.Google Scholar
Guilford, J. P., & Hoepfner, R. (1971). The analysis of intelligence. New York: McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar
Gustafsson, J. E. (1984). A unifying model for the structure of intellectual abilities. Intelligence, 8, 179203.Google Scholar
Guttman, L. (1954). A new approach to factor analysis: The radex. In Lazarsfeld, P. F. (Ed.), Mathematical thinking in the social sciences (pp. 258348). New York: Free Press.Google Scholar
Holzinger, K. J. (1938). Relationships between three multiple orthogonal factors and four bifactors. Journal of Educational Psychology, 29, 513519.Google Scholar
Horn, J. L. (1967). On subjectivity in factor analysis. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 127, 811820.Google Scholar
Horn, J. L., & Knapp, J. R. (1973). On the subjective character of the empirical base of Guilford’s structure-of-intellect model. Psychological Bulletin, 80, 3343.Google Scholar
Hunt, E. B., Frost, N., & Lunneborg, C. (1973). Individual differences in cognition: A new approach to intelligence. In Bower, G. (Ed.), The psychology of learning and motivation (vol. 7, pp. 87122). New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Jensen, A. R. (1970). Hierarchical theories of mental ability. In Dockrell, W. B. (Ed.), On intelligence (pp. 119190). Toronto, ON: Ontario Institutes for the Study of Education.Google Scholar
Johnson, W., & Bouchard, T., Jr. (2005). The structure of human intelligence: It is verbal, perceptual, and image rotation (VPR), not fluid and crystallized. Intelligence, 33, 393416.Google Scholar
Kahneman, D. (2013). Thinking, fast and slow. New York: Farrar, Straus, Giroux.Google Scholar
Schneider, W., & Shiffrin, R. W. (1977). Controlled and automatic human information processing: I. Detection, search, and attention. Psychological Review, 84, 166.Google Scholar
Shiffrin, R. M., & Schneider, W. (1977). Controlled and automatic human information processing: 2. Perceptual learning, automatic attending, and a general theory. Psychological Review, 84, 127190.Google Scholar
Snow, R. E., Kyllonen, P. C., & Marshalek, B. (1984). The topography of ability and learning correlations. In Sternberg, R. J. (Ed.), Advances in the psychology of human intelligence (vol. 2, pp. 47103). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Spearman, C. (1904). General intelligence, objectively determined and measured. American Journal of Psychology, 15, 201293.Google Scholar
Spearman, C. (1923). The nature of “intelligence” and the principles of cognition. London: Macmillan.Google Scholar
Spearman, C. (1927). The abilities of man. New York: Macmillan.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J. (1977). Intelligence, information processing, and analogical reasoning: The componential analysis of human abilities. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J. (1984a). Toward a triarchic theory of human intelligence. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 7, 269287.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J. (1984b). What should intelligence tests test? Implications of a triarchic theory of intelligence for intelligence testing. Educational Researcher, 13, 515.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J. (Ed.) (1985). Human abilities: An information-processing approach. San Francisco: Freeman.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J. (1990). Metaphors of mind. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J. (2001). Metacognition, abilities, and developing expertise: What makes an expert student? In Hartman, H. J. (Ed.), Metacognition in learning and instruction: Theory, research and practice (pp. 247260). Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J. (2003). WICS: A model for leadership in organizations. Academy of Management Learning and Education, 2, 386401.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J., & Davidson, J. E. (1982). The mind of the puzzler. Psychology Today, 16, 3744.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J., & Davidson, J. E. (1983). Insight in the gifted. Educational Psychologist, 18, 5157.Google Scholar
Terman, L. M. (1916). The measurement of intelligence. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.Google Scholar
Terman, L. M. (1925). Genetic studies of genius: Mental and physical traits of a thousand gifted children, vol. 1. Stanford: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Terman, L. M., & Merrill, M. A. (1937). Measuring intelligence. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.Google Scholar
Terman, L. M., & Merrill, M. A. (1973). Stanford-Binet intelligence scale: Manual for the third revision. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.Google Scholar
Terman, L. M., & Oden, M. H. (1959). Genetic studies of genius, vol. 4, The gifted group at midlife. Stanford: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Thomson, G. H. (1939). The factorial analysis of human ability. London: University of London Press.Google Scholar
Thorndike, E. L., Bregman, E. D., Cobb, M. V., & Woodyard, E. I. (1926). The measurement of intelligence. New York: Teachers College Press.Google Scholar
Thurstone, L. L. (1938). Primary mental abilities. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Thurstone, L. L., & Thurstone, T. G. (1941). Factorial studies of intelligence. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Vernon, P. E. (1950). The structure of human abilities. London: Methuen.Google Scholar
Wechsler, D. (1939). The measurement of adult intelligence. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins.Google Scholar
Wechsler, D. (1944). The measurement of adult intelligence (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins.Google Scholar
Wechsler, D. (1958). The measurement and appraisal of adult intelligence (5th ed.). Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins.Google Scholar
Wechsler, D. (1974). Manual for the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Revised. New York: The Psychological Corporation.Google Scholar
Wissler, C. (1901). The correlation of mental and physical tests. Psychological Review, Monograph Supplement, 3(6).Google Scholar

References

Agnoli, P., & D’Agostini, G. (2005). Why does the meter beat the second? https://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0412078Google Scholar
Aquinas, Thomas (1961). Commentary on Aristotle’s Metaphysics (trans. John P. Rowan). Notre Dame, IN: Dumb Ox.Google Scholar
Barnes, B., & Sternberg, R. J. (1989). Social intelligence and decoding of nonverbal cues. Intelligence, 13, 263282.Google Scholar
Barrett, P. T., Petrides, K. V., & Eysenck, H. J. (1998). Estimating inspection time: Response probabilities, the BRAT IT algorithm, and IQ correlations. Personality and Individual Differences, 24, 405419.Google Scholar
Binet, A., & Simon, T. (1905). Méthodes nouvelles pour le diagnostic du niveaux intellectuel des anormaux. L’Année Psychologique, 11, 191244.Google Scholar
Binet, A., & Simon, T. (1908). Le développement de l’intelligence chez les enfants. L’Année Psychologique, 14, 195.Google Scholar
Black, E. (2003). War against the weak: Eugenics and America’s campaign to create a master race. New York: Four Walls Eight Windows.Google Scholar
Burt, C. (1949). The structure of the mind: A review of the results of factor analysis. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 19, 100111, 176199.Google Scholar
Carroll, J. B. (1993). Human cognitive abilities. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Cattell, J. M. (1890). Mental tests and measurements. Mind, 15, 373380.Google Scholar
Cattell, R. B. (1963). Theory of fluid and crystallized intelligence: A critical experiment. Journal of Educational Psychology, 54, 122.Google Scholar
Cianciolo, A. T., & Sternberg, R. J. (2004). Intelligence: A brief history. Malden, MA: Blackwell.Google Scholar
De Boeck, P. (2013). Intelligence, where to look, where to go? Journal of Intelligence, 1, 524.Google Scholar
Deary, I. J., Penke, L., & Johnson, W. (2010). The neuroscience of human intelligence differences. Nature Review Neuroscience, 11, 201211.Google Scholar
Doehring, D. G., Reitan, R. M., & Kløve, H. (1961). Changes in patterns of intelligence test performance associated with homonymous visual field defects. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 123, 227233.Google Scholar
Engle, R. W., Tuholski, S. W., Laughlin, J. E., & Conway, A. R. A. (1999). Working memory, short-term memory, and general fluid intelligence: A latent variable approach. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 128, 309331.Google Scholar
Eysenck, H. (1967). Intelligence assessment: A theoretical and experimental approach. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 37, 8198.Google Scholar
Eysenck, H. J. (1982). A model for intelligence. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.Google Scholar
Eysenck, H. J. (1988). The biological basis of intelligence. In Irvine, S. H. & Berry, J. W. (Eds.), Human abilities in cultural context. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Fechner, G. T. (1860). Elemente der Psychophysik. Leipzig: Breitkopf und Härtel.Google Scholar
Feldman Barrett, L. (2017). How emotions are made. The secret life of the brain. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.Google Scholar
Galton, F. (1883). Inquiry into the human faculty and its development. London: MacMillan.Google Scholar
Gardner, H. (1983). Frames of mind: The theory of multiple intelligence. New York: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Geary, D. C. (2018). Efficiency of mitochondrial functioning as the fundamental biological mechanism of general intelligence. Psychological Review, 125, 10281050.Google Scholar
Giacomo, P. (1984). News from the BIPM. Metrologia, 20, 2530.Google Scholar
Goleman, D. (1995). Emotional intelligence. New York: Bantam Books.Google Scholar
Goleman, D. (2006). Social intelligence: The new science of human relationships. New York: Bantam Books.Google Scholar
Gottfredson, L. S. (1997). Mainstream science on intelligence: An editorial with 52 signatories, history, and bibliography. Intelligence, 24, 1323.Google Scholar
Guilford, J. P. (1956). The structure of intellect. Psychological Bulletin, 53, 267293.Google Scholar
Gustaffson, J. (1984). A unifying model for the structure of human intellectual abilities. Intelligence, 8, 179203.Google Scholar
Holzinger, K. J., & Swineford, F. (1937). The bi-factor method. Psychometrika, 2, 4152.Google Scholar
Horn, J. L. (1968). Organization of abilities and the development of intelligencePsychological Review, 75, 242259.Google Scholar
Horn, J. L., & Cattell, R. B. (1966). Refinement and test of the theory of fluid and crystalized generalized intelligences. Journal of Educational Psychology, 57, 253270.Google Scholar
Horn, J. L., & Knapp, J. R. (1973). On the subjective character of the empirical base of Guilford’s structure-of-intellect model. Psychological Bulletin, 80, 3343.Google Scholar
Hunt, E., Frost, N., & Lunneborg, C. (1973). Individual differences in cognition: A new approach to cognition. In Bower, G. (Ed.), The psychology of learning and motivation: Advances in research and theory (vol.7, pp. 87122). New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Hunt, E., & Jaeggi, S. M. (2013). Challenges for research on intelligence. Journal of Intelligence, 1, 3654.Google Scholar
Hunt, E., Lunneborg, C., & Lewis, J. (1975). What does it mean to be high verbal? Cognitive Psychology, 7, 194227.Google Scholar
Intelligence and Its Measurement: A Symposium. (1921). Journal of Educational Psychology, 12, 123147.Google Scholar
Jensen, A. R. (1982). The chronometry of intelligence. In Sternberg, R. (Ed.), Advances in the psychology of human intelligence (vol.1, pp. 255310). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Johnson, W., & Bouchard, T. J. (2005). The structure of human intelligence: It is verbal, perceptual, and image rotation (VPR), not fluid and crystallized. Intelligence, 33, 393416.Google Scholar
Kaufman, A. S., Raiford, S. E., & Coalson, D. L. (2016). Intelligent testing with the WISC-V. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.Google Scholar
Kell, H. J., & Lang, J. W. B. (2017). Specific abilities in the workplace: More important than g? Journal of Intelligence, 5, 13. https://doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence5020013Google Scholar
Kovacs, K., & Conway, A. R. A. (2016). Process overlap theory: A unified account of the general factor of intelligence. Psychological Inquiry, 27, 151177.Google Scholar
Kyllonen, P. C., & Christal, R. E. (1990). Reasoning ability is (little more than) working-memory capacity?! Intelligence, 14, 389433.Google Scholar
Legg, S., & Hutter, M. (2007). A collection of definitions of intelligence. Technical report. www.researchgate.net/publication/1895883Google Scholar
Lezak, M. D., Howieson, D. B., & Loring, D. W. (2004). Neuropsychological assessment (4th ed.). New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Lichtenberger, O., & Kaufman, A. S. (2009). Essentials of WAIS-IV assessment. New York: Wiley.Google Scholar
Mayer, J. D., & Salovey, P. (1993). The intelligence of emotional intelligence. Intelligence, 17, 433442.Google Scholar
McGrew, K. S. (2009). CHC theory and the human cognitive abilities project: Standing on the shoulders of the giants of psychometric intelligence research. Intelligence, 37, 110.Google Scholar
Melnick, M. D., Harrison, B. R., Park, S., Benneto, L., & Tadin, D. (2013). A strong interactive link between sensory discriminations and intelligence. Current Biology, 23, 10131017.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Neisser, U., Boodoo, G., Bouchard, T. J. Jr., Boykin, A. W., Brody, N., Ceci, S. J., et al. (1996). Intelligence: Knowns and unknowns. American Psychologist, 51, 77101.Google Scholar
Plomin, R., & von Stumm, S. (2018). The new genetics of intelligence. Nature Review Genetics, 19, 148159.Google Scholar
Rapaport, D., Gill, M., & Schafer, R. (1945). Diagnostic psychological testing, vol. 1.Chicago: The Year Book Publishers.Google Scholar
Rapaport, D., Gill, M., & Schafer, R. (1946). Diagnostic psychological testing, vol. 2. Chicago: The Year Book Publishers.Google Scholar
Rasch, G. (1960). Probabilistic models for some intelligence and attainment tests. Copenhagen, Denmark: Danish Institute for Educational Research.Google Scholar
Ratcliff, R., Thapar, A., & McKoon, G. (2010). Individual differences, ageing, and IQ in two-choice tasks. Cognitive Psychology, 60, 127157.Google Scholar
Raven, J. C. (1938). Progressive matrices: A perceptual test of intelligence. London: Lewis.Google Scholar
Roid, G. H. (2003). Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales, Fifth Edition. Itasca, IL: Riverside Publishing.Google Scholar
Roid, G. H., & Tippin, S. M. (2009). Assessment of intellectual strengths and weaknesses with the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales – Fifth Edition (SB5). In Naglieri, J. A. & Goldstein, S. (Eds.), Practitioner’s guide to assessing intelligence and achievement. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.Google Scholar
Santarnecchi, E., Emmendorfer, A., Tadayon, S., Rossi, S., Rossi, A., & Pascual-Leone, A. (2017). Network connectivity correlates of variability in fluid intelligence performance. Intelligence, 65, 3547.Google Scholar
Schmiedek, F., Oberauer, K., Wilhelm, O., Süß, H. M., & Wittmann, W. W. (2007). Individual differences in components of reaction time distributions and their relations to working memory and intelligence. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 136, 414429.Google Scholar
Sheppard, L. D., & Vernon, P. A. (2008). Intelligence and speed of information-processing: A review of 50 years of research. Intelligence, 44, 535551.Google Scholar
Spearman, C. (1904a). General intelligence, objectively determined and measured. American Journal of Psychology, 15, 201295.Google Scholar
Spearman, C. (1904b). The proof and measurement of association between two things. American Journal of Psychology, 15, 72101.Google Scholar
Spearman, C. (1923). The nature of ‘‘intelligence’’ and the principles of cognition. London: Macmillan.Google Scholar
Spearman, C. (1927). The abilities of man. London: Macmillan.Google Scholar
Stern, W. (1912). Die psychologischen Methoden der Intelligenzprüfung und deren Anwendung an Schulkindern. Leipzig: Barth.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J. (1977a). Intelligence, information processing, and analogical reasoning: The componential analysis of human abilities. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J. (1977b). Component processes in analogical reasoning. Psychological Review, 84, 353378.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J. (1981). Intelligence and non-entrenchment. Journal of Educational Psychology, 73, 116.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J. (1983). Components of human intelligenceCognition, 15, 148.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J. (1985). Beyond IQNew York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J. (1997). Successful intelligence. New York: Plume.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J. (2003). Wisdom, intelligence, and creativity synthesized. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J. (2010). College admissions for the 21st century. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J. (2018). Successful intelligence in theory, research, and practice. In Sternberg, R. J. (Ed.), The nature of intelligence (pp. 308322). New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J., Castejón, J. L., Prieto, M. D., Hautamäki, J., & Grigorenko, E. (2001). Confirmatory factor analysis of the Sternberg Triarchic Abilities Test (multiple-choice items) in three international samples: An empirical test of the triarchic theory of intelligence. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 17, 116.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J., & Detterman, D. K. (Eds.) (1986). What is intelligence? Norwood, NJ: Ablex.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J., Forsythe, G. B., Hedlund, J., Horvath, J. A., Wagner, R. K., Williams, W. M., et al. (2000). Practical intelligence in everyday life. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Terman, L. M. (1916). The measurement of intelligence. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.Google Scholar
Thomson, G. H. (1916). A hierarchy without a general factor. British Journal of Psychology, 8, 271281.Google Scholar
Thorndike, E. L. (1921). Intelligence and its measurement: A symposium – IJournal of Educational Psychology, 12, 124127.Google Scholar
Thurstone, L. L. (1924). The nature of intelligence. London: Kegan Paul, Trench Trubner & Co.Google Scholar
Thurstone, L. L. (1938). Primary mental abilities. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Todd, J., Coolidge, F., & Satz, P. (1977). The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale Discrepancy Index: A neuropsychological evaluation. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 45, 450454.Google Scholar
Vernon, P. E. (1950). The structure of human abilitiesLondonMethuen.Google Scholar
Wagner, R. K., & Sternberg, R. J. (1986). Tacit knowledge and intelligence in the everyday world. In Sternberg, R. J. & Wagner, R. K. (Eds.), Practical intelligence: Nature and origins of competence in the everyday world (pp. 5183). Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Wechsler, D. (1944). The measurement of adult intelligence (3rd ed.). Baltimore, MDWilliams & Wilkins.Google Scholar
Wechsler, D. (1975). Intelligence defined and undefined: A relativistic appraisal. American Psychologist, 30, 135139.Google Scholar
Wechsler, D. (2008). Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale – Fourth Edition. San Antonio, TX: Pearson.Google Scholar
Wechsler, D. (2012). Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence™ – Fourth Edition. San Antonio, TX: Pearson.Google Scholar
Wechsler, D. (2014). Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children® – Fifth Edition. San Antonio, TX: Pearson.Google Scholar
Whitely, S. E. (1976). Solving verbal analogies: Some cognitive components of intelligence test items. Journal of Educational Psychology, 68, 234242.Google Scholar
Whitely, S. E. (1977). Information processing on intelligence test items: Some response components. Applied Psychological Measurement, 1, 465476.Google Scholar
Wissler, C. (1901). The correlation of mental and physical tests. Psychological Review, Monograph Supplement, 3 (6).Google Scholar
Wundt, W. (1902). Grundriss der Psychologie. Leipzig: Engelmann.Google Scholar
Yerkes, R. M. (1921). Psychological examining in the US Army. Memoirs of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 15. Washington: US Government Printing Office.Google Scholar

References

Benisz, M., Dumont, R., & Willis, J. O. (2015). From psychometric testing to clinical assessment: Personalities, ideas and events that shaped David Wechsler’s views of intelligence and its assessment. In Goldstein, S., Princiotta, D., & Naglieri, J. A. (Eds.), Handbook of intelligence: Evolutionary theory, historical perspective, and current concepts (pp. 163179). New York: Springer.Google Scholar
Bouchard, T., Jr. (2018). Hereditary ability: g is driven by experience-producing drives. In Sternberg, R. J. (Ed.), The nature of human intelligence (pp. 1529). New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Binet, A., & Simon, T. (1916/1980). The development of intelligence in children (trans. E. S. Kite). Facsimile limited edition issued by Dunn, Lloyd M.. Nashville, TN: Williams Printing Co.Google Scholar
Caemmerer, J. J., Maddocks, D. L., Keith, T. Z., & Reynolds, M. R. (2018). Effects of cognitive abilities on child and youth academic achievement: Evidence from the WISC-V and WIAT-III. Intelligence, 68, 620. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intell.2018.02.005Google Scholar
Canivez, G. L., & Watkins, M. W. (2016). Review of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children – Fifth Edition: Critique, commentary, and independent analyses. In Kaufman, A. S., Raiford, S. E., & Coalson, D. L. (Eds.), Intelligent testing with the WISC-V (pp. 684702). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.Google Scholar
Carroll, J. B. (1985). Exploratory factor analysis: A tutorial. In Detterman, D. K. (Ed.), Current topics in human intelligence (vol. 1, pp. 2558). Norwood, NJ: Ablex.Google Scholar
Carroll, J. B. (1993). Human cognitive abilities: A survey of factor-analytic studies. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Carroll, J. B. (1997/2012). The three-stratum theory of cognitive abilities. In Flanagan, D. P. & Harrison, P. L. (Eds.), Contemporary intellectual assessment: Theories, tests, and issues (3rd ed., pp. 883890). New York: Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Cattell, R. B. (1941). Some theoretical issues in adult intelligence testing. Psychological Bulletin, 38, 592.Google Scholar
Cattell, R. B. (1963). Theory of fluid and crystallized intelligence: A critical experiment. Journal of Educational Psychology, 54(1), 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0046743Google Scholar
Cattell, R. B., & Horn, J. L. (1978). A check on the theory of fluid and crystallized intelligence with description of new subtest designs. Journal of Educational Measurement, 15, 139164. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-3984.1978.tb00065.xGoogle Scholar
Chen, J-Q., & Gardner, H. (2005). Assessment based on multiple-intelligence theories. In Flanagan, D. P., Genshaft, J. L., & Harrison, P. L. (Eds.), Contemporary intellectual assessment: Theories, tests, and issues (pp. 77102). New York: Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Chen, J-Q., & Gardner, H. (2019). Assessment from the perspective of multiple-intelligence theory. In Flanagan, D. P. & McDonough, E. M. (Eds.), Contemporary intellectual assessment: Theories, tests, and issues (4th ed., pp. 164173). New York: Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Cohen, J. (1959). The factorial structure of the WISC at ages 7–6, 10–6, and 13–6. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 23, 285299. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0043898Google Scholar
Cormier, D. C., McGrew, K. S., Bulut, O., & Funamoto, A. (2017). Revisiting the relations between the WJ-IV measures of Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) cognitive abilities and reading achievement during the school-age years. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 35(8), 731754. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734282916659208Google Scholar
Daniel, M. H. (1997). Intelligence testing: Status and trends. American Psychologist, 52(10), 10381045.Google Scholar
Das, J. P., Kirby, J. R., & Jarman, R. F. (1979). Simultaneous and successive cognitive processes. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Das, J. P., Naglieri, J. A., & Kirby, J. R. (1994). Assessment of cognitive processes: The PASS theory of intelligence. Needham Heights, MA: Allyn & Bacon.Google Scholar
Drozdick, L. W., Singer, J. K., Lichtenberger, E. O., Kaufman, J. C., Kaufman, A. S., & Kaufman, N. L. (2019). The Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children – Second Edition and KABC‑II Normative Update. In Flanagan, D. P. & McDonough, E. M. (Eds.), Contemporary intellectual assessment: Theories, tests, and issues (4th ed., pp. 333359). New York: Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Elliott, C. D. (2007). Differential ability scales – Second edition. San Antonio, TX: Pearson.Google Scholar
Evans, J. J., Floyd, R. G., McGrew, K. S., & Leforgee, M. H. (2002). The relations between measures of Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) cognitive abilities and reading achievement during childhood and adolescence. School Psychology Review, 31(2), 246262. https://doi.org/10.1002/pits.10083Google Scholar
Everybody Loves Raymond. Standard Deviation. Directed by J. Meyer. Written by P. Rosenthal & S. Skrovan. Where’s Lunch, Worldwide Pants, & HBO Independent Productions (October 4, 1996). www.imdb.com/title/tt0574226Google Scholar
Eysenck, H. J., versus Kamin, L. J. (1981). The intelligence controversy. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Interscience.Google Scholar
Farrall, M. L. (2012). Reading assessment: Linking language, literacy, and cognition. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.Google Scholar
Flanagan, D. P., & Dixon, S. G. (2014). The Cattell-Horn-Carroll theory of cognitive abilities. In Reynolds, C. R., Vannest, K. J., & Fletcher-Janzen, E. (Eds.), Encyclopedia of special education (4th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118660584.ese0431Google Scholar
Flanagan, D. P., & Kaufman, A. S. (2009). Essentials of WISC-IV assessment (2nd ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.Google Scholar
Flanagan, D. P., & McGrew, K. S. (1997). A cross-battery approach to assessing and interpreting cognitive abilities: Narrowing the gap between practice and cognitive science. In Flanagan, D. P., Genshaft, J. L., & Harrison, P. L. (Eds.), Contemporary intellectual assessment (pp. 314325). New York: Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Flanagan, D. P., McGrew, K. S., & Ortiz, S. O. (2000). The Wechsler Intelligence Scales and Gf-Gc theory: A contemporary approach to interpretation. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.Google Scholar
Flanagan, D. P., Ortiz, S. O., & Alfonso, V. (2013). Essentials of cross-battery assessment (3rd ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.Google Scholar
Flanagan, D. P., Ortiz, S. O., Alfonso, V., & Mascolo, J. T. (2002). The achievement test desk reference: Comprehensive assessment of learning disabilities. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.Google Scholar
Floyd, R. (2002). The Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) Cross-Battery Approach: Recommendations for school psychologists. Communiqué, 30(5), 1014.Google Scholar
Floyd, R. G., Evans, J. J., & McGrew, K. S. (2003). Relations between measures of Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) cognitive abilities and mathematics achievement across the school-age years. Psychology in the Schools, 60(2), 155171. https://doi.org/10.1002/pits.10083Google Scholar
Flynn, J. R. (2007). What is intelligence? Beyond the Flynn effect. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Gardner, H. (1983). Frames of mind. New York: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Gardner, H. (1994). Multiple intelligences theory. In Sternberg, R. J. (Ed.), Encyclopedia of human intelligence (pp. 740742). New York: Macmillan.Google Scholar
Gardner, H. (1999). Intelligence reframed: Multiple intelligences for the 21st century. New York: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Gardner, H. (2003). Multiple intelligences after twenty years. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Education Research Association, Chicago, April.Google Scholar
Gottfredson, L. S. (2008). Of what value is intelligence? In Prifitera, A., Saklofske, D., & Weiss, L. G. (Eds.), WISC-IV applications for clinical assessment and intervention (2nd ed., pp. 545563). Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier.Google Scholar
Gould, S. J. (1981). The mismeasure of man. New York: Norton.Google Scholar
Guilford, J. P. (1967). The nature of human intelligence. New York: McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar
Hale, J. B., Fiorello, C. A., Dumont, R., Willis, J. O., Rackley, C., & Elliott, C. D. (2008). Differential Ability Scales – Second Edition (neuro)psychological predictors of math performance for typical children and children with math disabilities. Psychology in the Schools, 45(9). https://doi.org/10.1002/pits.20330Google Scholar
Hale, J. B., Fiorello, C. A., Kavanagh, J. A., Hoeppner, J. B., & Gaitherer, R. A. (2001). WISC-III predictors of academic achievement for children with learning disabilities: Are global and factor scores comparable? School Psychology Quarterly, 16(1), 3135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/scpq.16.1.31.19158Google Scholar
Herrnstein, R. J., & Murray, C. (1994). The bell curve: Intelligence and class structure in American life. New York: Simon & Schuster (Free Press Paperbacks).Google Scholar
Horn, J. L. (1965). Fluid and crystallized intelligence: A factor analytic study of the structure among primary mental abilities, PhD thesis, University of Illinois.Google Scholar
Horn, J. L. (1985). Remodeling old models of intelligence. In Wolman, B. B. (Ed.), Handbook of intelligence: Theories, measurements, and applications (pp. 267300). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.Google Scholar
Horn, J. L. (1988). Thinking about human abilities. In Nesselroade, J. R. & Cattell, R. B. (Eds.), Handbook of multivariate psychology (rev. ed., pp. 645685). New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Horn, J. L. (1994). The theory of fluid and crystallized intelligence. In Sternberg, R. J. (Ed.), Encyclopedia of human intelligence (pp. 433451). New York: Macmillan.Google Scholar
Horn, J. L., & Blankson, A. N. (2012). Foundations for a better understanding of cognitive abilities. In Flanagan, D. P. & Harrison, P. L. (Eds.), Contemporary intellectual assessment: Theories, tests, and issues (3rd ed., pp. 7398). New York: Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Horn, J. L., & Cattell, R. B. (1966). Refinement and test of the theory of fluid and crystallized general intelligences. Journal of Educational Psychology, 57, 253270.Google Scholar
Huxley, T. 1870. Biogenesis and abiogenesis. Nature, 2, 400406.Google Scholar
Jacoby, R., & Glauberman, N. (Eds.) (1995). The bell curve debate. New York: Times Books.Google Scholar
Jensen, A. R. (1998). The g factor: The science of mental ability. Westport, CT: Praeger.Google Scholar
Johnson, W., & Bouchard, T., Jr. (2005). The structure of human intelligence: It is verbal, perceptual, and image rotation (VPR), not fluid and crystallized. Intelligence, 33, 393416. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intell.2004.12.002Google Scholar
Johnson, W., Bouchard, T., Jr., McGue, M., Segal, N. L.,Tellegen, A., Keyes, M., & Gottesman, I. I. (2007a). Genetic and environmental influences on the Verbal-Perceptual-Image Rotation (VPR) model of the structure of mental abilities in the Minnesota study of twins reared apart. Intelligence, 35, 542562. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intell.2006.10.003Google Scholar
Johnson, W., te Nijenhuis, J., & Bouchard, T., Jr. (2007b). Replication of the hierarchical visual-perceptual-image rotation model in de Wolff and Buiten’s (1963) battery of 46 tests of mental ability. Intelligence, 35, 6981. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intell.2006.05.002Google Scholar
Kaufman, A. S. (1979). Intelligent testing with the WISC-R. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.Google Scholar
Kaufman, A. S. (1994). Intelligent testing with the WISC-III. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.Google Scholar
Kaufman, A. S. (2009). IQ testing 101. New York: Springer Publishing.Google Scholar
Kaufman, A. S. (2018). Many pathways, one destination: IQ tests, intelligent testing, and the continual push for more equitable assessments. In Sternberg, R. J. (Ed.), The nature of human intelligence (pp. 197214). New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Kaufman, A. S., & Kaufman, N. L. (1983). The Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children. Circle Pines, MN: American Guidance Service.Google Scholar
Kaufman, A. S., & Kaufman, N. L. (2004). The Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children – Second Edition. Circle Pines, MN: American Guidance Service.Google Scholar
Kaufman, A. S., Kaufman, N. L., Drozdick, L. W., & Morrison, J. (2018). Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children – Second Edition, normative update, manual supplement. Bloomington, MN: NCS Pearson.Google Scholar
Kaufman, A. S., Kaufman, N. L., & Goldsmith, B. Z. (1984). Kaufman Sequential or Simultaneous (K-SOS)? Circle Pines, MN: American Guidance Service.Google Scholar
Kaufman, A. S., Raiford, S. E., & Coalson, D. L. (2016). Intelligent testing with the WISC-V. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.Google Scholar
Kaufman, A. S., Schneider, W. J., & Kaufman, J. C. (in press). Psychometric approaches to intelligence. In Sternberg, R. J. (Ed.), Human intelligence: An introduction. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Kaufman, J. C. (2015). Why creativity isn’t in IQ tests, why it matters, and why it won’t change anytime soon … Probably. Journal of Intelligence, 3, 5972. https://doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence3030059Google Scholar
Keith, T. Z., & Reynolds, M. R. (2019). Using confirmatory factor analysis to aid in understanding the constructs measured by intelligence tests. In Flanagan, D. P. & McDonough, E. M. (Eds.), Contemporary intellectual assessment: Theories, tests, and issues (4th ed., pp. 853900). New York: Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Kilpatrick, D. A. (2015). Essentials of assessing, preventing, and overcoming reading difficulties. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.Google Scholar
Kipling, R. 1899. An interview with Mark Twain. In Sea to sea: Letters of travel. New York: Doubleday & McClure.Google Scholar
Lichtenberger, E. O., & Kaufman, A. S. (2013). Essentials of WAIS-IV assessment (2nd ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.Google Scholar
Luria, A. R. (1966). Human brain and psychological processes. New York: Harper & Row.Google Scholar
Luria, A. R. (1973). The working brain. New York: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Luria, A. R. (1980). Higher cortical functions in man (2nd ed.). New York: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Major, J. T., Johnson, W., & Deary, I. J. (2012). Comparing models of intelligence in Project TALENT: The VPR model fits better than the CHC and extended Gf–Gc models. Intelligence, 40, 543559. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intell.2012.07.006Google Scholar
McDermott, P. A., Fantuzzo, J. W., & Glutting, J. J. (1990). Just say no to subtest analysis: A critique on Wechsler theory and practice. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 8, 290302.Google Scholar
McGrew, K. S. (1997). Analysis of the major intelligence batteries according to a proposed comprehensive Gf-Gc framework. In Flanagan, D. P., Genshaft, J. L., & Harrison, P. L. (Eds.), Contemporary intellectual assessment: Theories, tests, and issues (pp. 92104). New York: Guilford.Google Scholar
McGrew, K. S. (2005). The Cattell-Horn-Carroll theory of cognitive abilities. In Flanagan, D. P. & Harrison, P. L. (Eds.), Contemporary intellectual assessment: Theories, tests and issues (2nd ed., pp. 136181). New York: Guilford Press.Google Scholar
McGrew, K. S. (2018). WJ IV norm-based and supplemental clinical test groupings for “intelligent” intelligence testing with the WJ IV (MindHub Pub #3) [PowerPoint presentation]. www.iqscorner.com/2018/05/mindhub-pub-3-wj-iv-norm-based-and_16.htmlGoogle Scholar
McGrew, K. S., LaForte, E. M., & Schrank, F. A. (2014). Technical manual. Woodcock-Johnson IV. Rolling Meadows, IL: Riverside.Google Scholar
McGrew, K. S., & Schneider, W. J. (2018). CHC theory revised: A visual-graphic summary of Schneider and McGrew’s 2019 CHC update chapter (MindHub Pub #4) [PowerPoint presentation]. www.iapsych.com/mindhubpub4.pdfGoogle Scholar
McGrew, K. S., & Woodcock, R. W. (2001). Technical manual. Woodcock-Johnson III. Itasca, IL: Riverside Publishing.Google Scholar
McKusick, V. A. (1969). On lumpers and splitters, or the nosology of genetic disease. Perspectives in Biology and Medicine, 12(2), 298312.Google Scholar
Naglieri, J. A., & Das, J. P. (2002). Practical implications of general intelligence and PASS cognitive processes. In Sternberg, R. J. & Grigorenko, E. L. (Eds.), The general factor of intelligence: How general is it? (pp. 855884). New York: Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Naglieri, J. A., Das, J. P., & Goldstein, S. (2012). Planning, attention, simultaneous, successive: A cognitive-processing-based theory of intelligence. In Flanagan, D. P. & Harrison, P. L. (Eds.), Contemporary intellectual assessment: Theories, tests, and issues (3rd ed., pp. 178194). New York: Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Naglieri, J. A., Das, J. P., & Goldstein, S. (2014). Cognitive Assessment System – Second Edition. Austin, TX: Pro-Ed.Google Scholar
Naglieri, J. A., & Johnson, D. (2000). Effectiveness of a cognitive strategy intervention to improve math calculation based on the PASS theory. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 33, 591597. https://doi.org/10.1177/002221940003300607Google Scholar
Naglieri, J. A., & Otero, T. M. (2019a). Redefining intelligence with the planning, attention, simultaneous, and successive theory of neurocognitive processes. In Flanagan, D. P. & McDonough, E. M. (Eds.), Contemporary intellectual assessment: Theories, tests, and issues (4th ed., pp. 195218). New York: Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Naglieri, J. A., & Otero, T. M. (2019b). The Cognitive Assessment System – Second Edition. In Flanagan, D. P. & McDonough, E. M. (Eds.), Contemporary intellectual assessment: Theories, tests, and issues (4th ed., pp. 452485). New York: Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Niileksala, C. R., Reynolds, M. R., Keith, T. Z., & McGrew, K. S. (2016). A special validity study of the Woodcock-Johnson IV: Acting on evidence for specific abilities. In Flanagan, D. P. & Alfonso, V. C. (Eds.), WJ-V clinical use and interpretation: Scientist-practitioner perspectives. Boston: Elsevier Press.Google Scholar
Ortiz, S. O., & Flanagan, D. P. (2002a). Cross-Battery Assessment revisited: Some cautions concerning “Some Cautions” (Part I). Communiqué, 30(7), 3234.Google Scholar
Ortiz, S. O., & Flanagan, D. P. (2002b). Cross-Battery Assessment revisited: Some cautions concerning “Some Cautions” (Part II). Communiqué, 30(8), 3638.Google Scholar
Prokosch, M. D., Yeo, R. A., & Miller, G. F. (2005). Intelligence tests with higher g-loadings show higher correlations with body symmetry: Evidence for a general fitness factor mediated by developmental stability. Intelligence, 33, 203213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intell.2004.07.007Google Scholar
Rapaport, D., Gill, M., & Schafer, R. (1945–1946). Diagnostic psychological testing (2 vols.). Chicago: Year Book Medical.Google Scholar
Reynolds, C. R., & Kamphaus, R. W. (2015). Reynolds Intellectual Assessment Scales, Second Edition. Lutz, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.Google Scholar
Roid, G. H. (2003). Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales, Fifth Edition: Technical manual.Itasca, IL: Riverside Publishing.Google Scholar
Roid, G. H., Miller, L. J., Pomplun, M., & Koch, C. (2013). Leiter International Performance Scale – Third Edition. Wood Dale, IL: Stoelting.Google Scholar
Ruzgis, P. (1994). Thurstone, L. L. (1887–1955). In Sternberg, R. J. (Ed.), Encyclopedia of human intelligence (pp. 10811084). New YorkMacmillan.Google Scholar
Sacks, O. (1970). The man who mistook his wife for a hat and other clinical tales. New York: Simon & Schuster.Google Scholar
Sattler, J. M. (2008). Assessment of children: Cognitive foundations (5th ed.). San Diego, CA: Jerome M. Sattler.Google Scholar
Sattler, J. M. (2018). Assessment of children: Cognitive foundations (6th ed.). San Diego, CA: Jerome M. Sattler.Google Scholar
Schneider, W. J., & McGrew, K. S. (2019). The Cattell–Horn–Carroll theory of cognitive abilities. In Flanagan, D. P. & McDonough, E. M. (Eds.), Contemporary intellectual assessment: Theories, tests, and issues (4th ed., pp. 73163). New York: Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Schrank, F. A., Decker, S. L., & Garruto, J. M. (2016). Essentials of WJ IV cognitive abilities assessment. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.Google Scholar
Schrank, F. A., McGrew, K. S., & Mather, N. (2014). Woodcock-Johnson IV. Rolling Meadows, IL: Riverside.Google Scholar
Silventoinen, K.Posthuma, D.van Beijsterveldt, T.Bartels, M., & Boomsma, D. I. (2006). Genetic contributions to the association between height and intelligence: Evidence from Dutch twin data from childhood to middle age. Genes, Brain and Behavior, 5(8), 585595. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-183X.2006.00208.xGoogle Scholar
Spearman, C. (1904). “General intelligence,” objectively determined and measured. American Journal of Psychology, 15, 201293. www.jstor.org/stable/1412107Google Scholar
Spearman, C. (1927). The abilities of man: Their nature and measurement. New York: Macmillan.Google Scholar
Spencer, H. (1855). The principles of psychology. London: Longman, Brown, Green, & Longmans.Google Scholar
Springer, S. P., & Deutsch, G. (1993). Left brain, right brain (4th ed.). San Francisco: Freeman.Google Scholar
Stanovich, K. E. (2009). What intelligence tests miss: The psychology of rational thought. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J. (1982). Reasoning, problem solving, and intelligence. In Sternberg, R. J. (Ed.), Handbook of human intelligence (pp. 225307). New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J. (1985). Beyond IQ: A triarchic theory of human intelligence. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J. (1986). Intelligence is mental self-government. In Sternberg, R. J. & Detterman, D. K. (Eds.), What is intelligence?: Contemporary viewpoints on its nature and definition (pp. 141148). Norwood, NJ: Ablex.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J. (1997). Successful intelligence. New York: Plume.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J. (1999). The theory of successful intelligence. Review of General Psychology, 3, 292316. http://doi.org/10.1037/1089-2680.3.4.292Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J. (2002). Why smart people can be so stupid. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J. (2003). Construct validity of the theory of successful intelligence. In Sternberg, R. J., Lautrey, J., & Lubart, T. I. (Eds.), Models of intelligence: International perspectives (pp. 5580). Washington: American Psychological Association.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J. (2005). The triarchic theory of successful intelligence. In Flanagan, D. P. & Harrison, P. L. (Eds.), Contemporary intellectual assessment: Theories, tests and issues (2nd ed., pp. 103119). New York: Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J. (2019). The triarchic theory of successful intelligence. In Flanagan, D. P. & McDonough, E. M. (Eds.), Contemporary intellectual assessment: Theories, tests, and issues (4th ed., pp. 174194). New York: Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J., & Detterman, D. K. (1986). What is intelligence?: Contemporary viewpoints on its nature and definition. Norwood, NJ: Ablex.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J., & Kaufman, J. C. (1998). Human abilities. Annual Review of Psychology, 49, 11341139. www.scribd.com/doc/185741878/Sternberg-Kaufman-1998-AnnuRevPsych-Human-AbilitiesGoogle Scholar
Terman, L. M. (1916). The measurement of intelligence. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.Google Scholar
Thorndike, E. L. (1927). The measurement of intelligence. New York: Bureau of Publications, Teachers College, Columbia University.Google Scholar
Thurstone, L. L. (1931). Multiple factor analysis. Psychological Review, 38(5), 406427.Google Scholar
Thurstone, L. L. (1938). Primary mental abilities. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Vernon, P. E. (1950). The structure of human abilitiesLondonMethuen.Google Scholar
Vernon, P. E. (1961). The structure of human abilities (2nd ed.). LondonMethuen.Google Scholar
Wasserman, J. D. (2019). A history of intelligence assessment: The unfinished tapestry. In Flanagan, D. P. & McDonough, E. M. (Eds.), Contemporary intellectual assessment: Theories, tests and issues (4th ed., pp. 355). New York: Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Watkins, M. W., Glutting, J. J., & Youngstrom, E. A. (2005). Issues in subtest profile analysis. In Flanagan, D. P. & Harrison, P. L. (Eds.), Contemporary intellectual assessment: Theories, tests and issues (2nd ed., pp. 251268). New York: Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Watkins, M. W., Youngstrom, E. A., & Glutting, J. J. (2002). Some cautions regarding Cross-Battery Assessment. Communiqué, 30(6), 1620.Google Scholar
Wechsler, D. (1926). On the influence of education on intelligence as measured by the Binet-Simon tests. Journal of Educational Psychology, 17, 248257.Google Scholar
Wechsler, D. (1939). The measurement of adult intelligence. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins.Google Scholar
Wechsler, D. (1940). Non-intellective factors in general intelligence. Psychological Bulletin, 37444445.Google Scholar
Wechsler, D. (1943). Non-intellective factors in general intelligence. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 38, 101103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0060613Google Scholar
Wechsler, D. (1949). Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children. New York: Psychological Corporation.Google Scholar
Wechsler, D. (1950). Cognitive, conative, and non-intellective intelligence. American Psychologist, 5, 7883. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0063112Google Scholar
Wechsler, D. (1958). The measurement and appraisal of adult intelligence. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins.Google Scholar
Wechsler, D. (2008). Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale – Fourth Edition. Bloomington, MN: Pearson.Google Scholar
Wechsler, D. (2012). Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence – Fourth Edition. Bloomington, MN: Pearson.Google Scholar
Wechsler, D. (2014). Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children – Fifth Edition. Bloomington, MN: Pearson.Google Scholar
Woodcock, R. W. (1993). An information processing view of Gf-Gc theory. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment Monograph Series, Advances in Psychoeducational Assessment: Woodcock-Johnson Psychoeducational Battery – Revised, 80102.Google Scholar
Woodcock, R. W., & Johnson, M. B. (1977). Woodcock-Johnson Psycho-Educational Battery. Hingham, MA: DLM Teaching Resources.Google Scholar
Woodcock, R. W., & Johnson, M. B. (1989). Woodcock-Johnson Psycho-Educational Battery – Revised. Allen, TX: DLM Teaching Resources.Google Scholar
Woodcock, R. W., & Mather, N. (1989). WJ-R tests of cognitive ability – standard and supplemental batteries: Examiner’s manual. Woodcock, R. W & Johnson, M. B., Woodcock-Johnson Psychoeducational Battery – Revised. Chicago: Riverside Publishing.Google Scholar
Zimmerman, I. L., & Woo-Sam, J. M. (1973). Clinical interpretation of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale. New York: Grune & Stratton.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×