The field of reproductive medicine is evolving rapidly. We are living in an era in which what was seemingly impossible a decade ago is being made possible, and century-old dogmas are being challenged. Thanks to new cryopreservation technologies, infertility and premature ovarian failure, especially when induced by medical treatments, are no longer unavoidable consequences. Whereas success with oocyte cryopreservation is now an acceptable and successful approach for use in patients who face the risk of ovarian failure due to medical treatments or to create “egg banks” for oocyte donation, ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation have only recently been accepted as a nonexperimental way to reverse menopause and restore fertility. Recent advances in in-vitro maturation, stem cell and gene editing technologies, coupled with the advances in fertility preservation, point to a promising future in Reproductive Surgery and Medicine.