The oral contraceptive pill still dominates histories of technology in the ‘sexual revolution’. ‘The pill’ was revolutionary for many, though by no means all women in the West, but there have always been alternatives and looking globally yields a different picture. By examining not only past innovations, but also the establishment and maintenance of a range of contraceptive and abortive practices around the world, this chapter reconsiders some widely held assumptions about what counts as revolutionary and for whom. The first two sections consider how demand for contraception and abortion was at first largely met by non-medical commercial suppliers and then, especially after 1960, by medical doctors supported by states and NGOs. The second half of the chapter is concerned with new surgical techniques of sterilization and abortion, then often made available through the population control and feminist movements, as well as prescription-only abortion and ‘morning-after’ pills, controversial drugs that reignited old debates about the boundary between contraception and abortion. The chapter concludes that, while the ‘sexual revolution’ did not see the sharp break in behaviours that is often imagined, public debates around ‘the pill’ did engender a much greater openness about technologies of contraception and abortion.