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6 - Neuroendocrine mechanisms of alternative reproductive tactics: the chemical language of reproductive and social plasticity

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 August 2009

By
Andrew H. Bass  and
Paul M. Forlano
Edited by
Rui F. Oliveira ,
Michael Taborsky  and
H. Jane Brockmann
Andrew H. Bass
Affiliation:
Department of Neurobiology and Behavior Cornell University W233 Seeley G. Mudd Hall Ithaca, Ny 14853 USA
Paul M. Forlano
Affiliation:
Department of Neurobiology and Behavior Cornell University W233 Seeley G. Mudd Hall Ithaca, Ny 14853 USA
Rui F. Oliveira
Affiliation:
Instituto Superior Psicologia Aplicada, Lisbon
Michael Taborsky
Affiliation:
Universität Bern, Switzerland
H. Jane Brockmann
Affiliation:
University of Florida
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Summary

CHAPTER SUMMARY

The wide range of variation in reproductive tactics displayed among teleost fishes has provided a rich source of natural experiments for investigating the neural mechanisms of alternative reproductive tactics (ARTs). These studies have mainly focused on identifying the location and extent of neuropeptide-containing cells in the forebrain's preoptic area (POA), in part, because of the well-established influence of these neurons on reproductive mechanisms. We first review the ARTs of teleost species that have served as model systems for investigating the neural mechanisms of reproductive plasticity and then the general organization of the POA of vertebrates. Comparative surveys then show how life-history trajectories and reproductive tactics vary with inter- and intrasexual dimorphisms in the size and number of POA neurons that synthesize either arginine vasotocin (AVT) or gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). The emerging evidence for the potential role of neurosteroids in mechanisms of reproductive plasticity inclusive of ARTs is then considered before concluding with a listing of a suite of neuroendocrinological traits that may provide proximate mechanisms essential to the widespread evolution of ARTs among teleost fish.

INTRODUCTION: DIVERGENT LIFE-HISTORY TRAJECTORIES

A major theme that continues to emerge from many studies of the neural mechanisms of ARTs is the uncoupling of gonadal and neurobiological traits that provides for the adaptable patterning of suites of mechanisms between alternative behavioral phenotypes (Bass 1992).

Type
Chapter
Information
Alternative Reproductive Tactics
An Integrative Approach
 , pp. 109 - 131
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2008

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