Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-7c8c6479df-r7xzm Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-03-29T00:50:53.760Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Chapter 10 - Quantitative Content Analysis as a Method for Business Ethics Research

from Quantitative and Experimental Approaches

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 November 2017

Patricia H. Werhane
Affiliation:
DePaul University, Chicago
R. Edward Freeman
Affiliation:
University of Virginia
Sergiy Dmytriyev
Affiliation:
University of Virginia
Get access

Summary

Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Chapter

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Aguinis, H. and Glavas, A. 2012. “What we know and don’t know about corporate social responsibility: a review and research agenda.” Journal of Management, 38:4, 932968.Google Scholar
Apple 2010. Apple Supplier Responsibility 2010 Progress Report. Cupertino, CA: Apple.Google Scholar
Bain, W. A. 1995. “Ethical problems in ethics research.” Business Ethics: A European Review, 4:1, 1316.Google Scholar
Beck, A. C., Campbell, D. and Shrives, P. J. 2010. “Content analysis in environmental reporting research: enrichment and rehearsal of the method in a British–German context.” The British Accounting Review, 42:3, 207222.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Benoit, W. C. and Holbert, L. R. 2008. “Empirical intersections in communication research: replication, multiple quantitative methods, and bridging the quantitative–qualitative divide.” Journal of Communication, 58:4, 615628.Google Scholar
Berelson, B. 1952. Content Analysis in Communications Research. Glencoe, IL: Free Press.Google Scholar
Bjerregaard, T. and Lauring, J. 2013. “Managing contradictions of corporate social responsibility: The sustainability of diversity in a frontrunner firm.” Business Ethics: A European Review, 22:2, 131142.Google Scholar
Brigley, S. 1995. “Business ethics in context: Researching with case studies.” Journal of Business Ethics, 14:3, 219226.Google Scholar
Bryman, A. 2008. “The end of the paradigm wars?.” In Alasuutari, P., Bickman, L. and Brennan, J. (Eds.), The SAGE Handbook of Social Research Methods: 1325. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Budge, I., Klingemann, H.-D., Volkens, A., Bara, J., Tannenbaum, E., Fording, R., Hearl, D., Kim, H. M., McDonald, M. and Mendes, S. 2001. Mapping Policy Preferences: Estimates for Parties, Electors and Governments 1945–1998: Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Caiani, M. and Parenti, L. 2011. “The Spanish extreme right and the Internet.” Análise Social, 46:201, 719740.Google Scholar
Calabretta, G., Durisin, B. and Ogliengo, M. 2011. “Uncovering the intellectual structure of research in business ethics: A journey through the history, the classics, and the pillars of Journal of Business Ethics.” Journal of Business Ethics, 104:4, 499524.Google Scholar
Campbell, D. J. 2003. “Intra- and intersectoral effects in environmental disclosures: evidence for legitimacy theory? Business Strategy and the Environment, 12:6, 357371.Google Scholar
Canary, H. E. and Jennings, M. M. 2008. “Principles and influences in codes of ethics: A centering resonance analysis comparing pre- and post-Sarbanes-Oxley codes of ethics.” Journal of Business Ethics, 80:2, 263278.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chapple, W. and Moon, J. 2005. “Corporate social responsibility (CSR) in Asia: A seven-country study of CSR web site reporting.” Business & Society, 44:4, 415441.Google Scholar
Chen, S. and Bouvain, P. 2009. “Is corporate responsibility converging? A comparison of corporate responsibility reporting in the USA, UK, Australia, and Germany.” Journal of Business Ethics, 87:1, 299317.Google Scholar
Christen, M., Fischer, J., Huppenbauer, M., Tanner, C. and van Schaik, C. 2014. Empirically Informed Ethics: Morality Between Facts and Norms. Heidelberg: Springer.Google Scholar
Corman, S. R. and Dooley, K. 2006. Crawdad Text Analysis System 2.0. Chandler, AZ: Crawdad Technologies, LLC.Google Scholar
Cowton, C. J. 1998. “The use of secondary data in business ethics research.” Journal of Business Ethics, 17:4, 423434.Google Scholar
Crane, A. 1999. “Are you ethical? Please tick yes or no on researching ethics in business organizations.” Journal of Business Ethics, 20:3, 237248.Google Scholar
Dando, N. and Swift, T. 2003. “Transparency and assurance: minding the credibility gap.” Journal of Business Ethics, 44:2/3, 195200.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Danowski, J. A. 1993. “Network analysis of message content.” In Richards, W. D. Jr. and Barnett, G.A. (Eds.), Progress in Communication Sciences IV: 197221. Norwood, NJ: Ablex.Google Scholar
Dawkins, J. 2004. “Corporate responsibility: The communication challenge.” Journal of Communication Management, 9:2, 108119.Google Scholar
De Graaf, G. 2006. “Discourse and descriptive business ethics.” Business Ethics: A European Review, 15:3, 246258.Google Scholar
Dempsey, J. 2011. “Pluralistic business ethics: The significance and justification of moral free space in integrative social contracts theory.” Business Ethics: A European Review, 20:3, 253266.Google Scholar
Donaldson, T. and Dunfee, T. W. 1999. Ties That Bind. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.Google Scholar
Evans, M., McIntosh, W., Lin, J. and Cates, C. 2007. “Recounting the courts? Applying automated content analysis to enhance empirical legal research.” Journal of Empirical Legal Studies, 4:4, 10071039.Google Scholar
Farrell, B. and Cobbin, D. 2000. “A content analysis of codes of ethics from fifty-seven national accounting organisations.” Business Ethics: A European Review, 9:3, 180190.Google Scholar
Fieseler, C. 2011. “On the corporate social responsibility perceptions of equity analysts.” Business Ethics: A European Review, 20:2, 131147.Google Scholar
Foxconn 2010. “Corporate social and environmental responsibility annual report 2010.” Tucheng: Foxconn.Google Scholar
Frostenson, M., Helin, S. and Sandström, J. 2011. “Organising corporate responsibility communication through filtration: A study of web communication patterns in Swedish retail.” Journal of Business Ethics, 100:1, 3143.Google Scholar
Früh, W. 2007. Inhaltsanalyse: Theorie und Praxis. [Content Analysis: Theory and Practice.]. Konstanz: UVK.Google Scholar
Gatti, L. and Seele, P. 2014. “Evidence for the prevalence of the sustainability concept in European corporate responsibility reporting.” Sustainability Science, 9:1, 89102.Google Scholar
Gee, J. P. 2010. An Introduction to Discourse Analysis: Theory and Method. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Golob, U. and Podnar, K. 2014. “Critical points of CSR-related stakeholder dialogue in practice.” Business Ethics: A European Review, 23:3, 248257.Google Scholar
Gomez, L. M. and Chalmeta, R. 2011. “Corporate responsibility in U.S. corporate websites: A pilot study.” Public Relations Review, 37:1, 9395.Google Scholar
Haniffa, R. M. and Cooke, T. E. 2005. “The impact of culture and governance on corporate social reporting.” Journal of Accounting and Public Policy, 24:5, 391430.Google Scholar
Harris, H. 2001. “Content analysis of secondary data: A study of courage in managerial decision making.” Journal of Business Ethics, 34:3/4, 191208.Google Scholar
Heidbrink, L. and Seele, P. 2007. “Who responds to whom? Corporate culture and the question of communicating responsibility.” CRR Working paper, 2/2007.Google Scholar
Hill, H., Hickman, J. and McLendon, J. 2001. “Cults and sects and doomsday groups, oh my: Media treatment of religion on the eve of the millennium.” Review of Religious Research, 43:1, 2438.Google Scholar
Hooghiemstra, R. 2000. “Corporate communication and impression management: New perspectives why companies engage in corporate social reporting.” Journal of Business Ethics, 27:1/2, 5568.Google Scholar
Idowu, S. O. and Towler, B. A. 2004. “A comparative study of the contents of corporate social responsibility reports of UK companies.” Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal, 15:4, 420437.Google Scholar
Jahdi, K. S. and Acikdilli, G. 2009. “Marketing communications and corporate social responsibility (CSR): Marriage of convenience or shotgun wedding?Journal of Business Ethics, 88:1, 103113.Google Scholar
Konkle, B. E. 2004. “Scholastic journalism articles in school activities from 1934–1967: what many educators in the U.S. read about the student press.” Paper for the AEJMC Scholastic Journalism Division Research Paper Competition, Mid-winter meeting, St. Petersburg, FL, January 2005.Google Scholar
Krippendorff, K. 2004. Content Analysis: An Introduction to its Methodology, 2nd edn. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Krippendorff, K. 2013. Content Analysis: An Introduction to its Methodology, 3rd edn. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Lasswell, H. D. 1927. Propaganda Technique in the World War. New York: Knopf.Google Scholar
Laver, M. and Garry, J. 2000. “Estimating policy positions from political texts.” American Journal of Political Science, 44:3, 619634.Google Scholar
Laver, M., Benoit, K. and Garry, J. 2003. “Extracting policy positions from political texts using words as data.” American Political Science Review, 97:2, 311331.Google Scholar
Lee, P. M. and James, E. H. 2007. “She’E’Os: Gender effects and investor reactions to the announcements of top executive appointments.” Strategic Management Journal, 28:3, 227241.Google Scholar
Lock, I. and Seele, P. 2015. “Analyzing sector-specific CSR reporting: Social and environmental disclosure to investors in the chemicals and banking and insurance industry.” Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 22:2, 113128.Google Scholar
Ma, Z., Liang, D., Yu, K. H. and Lee, Y. 2012. “Most cited business ethics publications: Mapping the intellectual structure of business ethics studies in 2001–2008.” Business Ethics: A European Review, 21:3, 286297.Google Scholar
Maignan, I. and Ralston, D. 2002. “Corporate social responsibility in Europe and the U.S.: insights from businesses’ self-presentations.” Journal of International Business Studies, 33:3, 497514.Google Scholar
Mayring, P. H. 1993. Qualitative Inhaltsanalyse: Grundlagen und Techniken. [Qualitative Content Analysis: Basics and Techniques.]. Weinheim: Beltz/UTB.Google Scholar
Moosmayer, D. C. 2012. “Negativity bias in consumer price response to ethical information.” Business Ethics: A European Review, 21:2, 198208.Google Scholar
Moreno, A. and Capriotti, P. 2009. “Communicating CSR, citizenship and sustainability on the web.” Journal of Communication Management, 13:2, 157175.Google Scholar
Morsing, M. and Schultz, M. 2006. “Corporate social responsibility communication: stakeholder information, response and involvement strategies.” Business Ethics: A European Review, 15:4, 323338.Google Scholar
Mulla, Z. R. and Premarajan, R. K. 2008. “Strategic human resource management in Indian IT companies: development and validation of a scale.” VISION. The Journal of Business Perspective, 12:2, 3546.Google Scholar
Nacos, B. L., Shapiro, R. Y., Young, J. T., Fan, D. P., Kjellstrand, T. and McCaa, C. 2009. Comparing human coding and a computer-assisted method. In Krippendorff, K. and Bock, M. A. (Eds.), The Content Analysis Reader: 243252. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.Google Scholar
Nielsen, A. E. and Thomsen, C. 2009. “Investigating CSR communication in SMEs: A case study among Danish middle managers.” Business Ethics: A European Review, 18:1, 8393.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O’Connor, A. and Shumate, M. 2010. “An economic industry and institutional level of analysis of corporate social responsibility communication.” Management Communication Quarterly, 24:4, 529551.Google Scholar
Palazzo, G. and Scherer, A. G. 2006. “Corporate legitimacy as deliberation: A communicative frame-work.” Journal of Business Ethics, 66:1, 7188.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Popping, R. 2000. Computer-Assisted Text Analysis. London: Sage.Google Scholar
Ramanathan, R., Poomkaew, B. and Nath, P. 2014. “The impact of organizational pressures on environmental performance of firms.” Business Ethics: A European Review, 23:2, 169182.Google Scholar
Randall, D. M. and Gibson, A. M. 1990. “Methodology in business ethics research: A review and critical assessment.” Journal of Business Ethics, 9:6, 457471.Google Scholar
Reinhard, C. D. and Dervin, B. 2012. “Comparing situated sense-making processes in virtual worlds: application of Dervin’s sense-making methodology to media reception situations.” Convergence: The International Journal of Research into New Media Technologies, 18:1, 2748.Google Scholar
Reynolds, M. and Yuthas, K. 2008. “Moral discourse and corporate social responsibility reporting.” Journal of Business Ethics, 78:1/2, 4764.Google Scholar
Riffe, D., Lacy, S. and Fico, F. 1998. Analyzing Media Messages: Using Quantitative Content Analysis in Research. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.Google Scholar
Robertson, D. C. 1993. “Empiricism in business ethics: Suggested research directions.” Journal of Business Ethics, 12:8, 585599.Google Scholar
Rössler, P. 2005. Inhaltsanalyse [Content Analysis]. Konstanz: UVK.Google Scholar
Sachs, W., Dieleman, M., Fendt, J., Kaminska-Labbé, R., Thomas, C., and McKelvey, B. 2006. “Managing dilemmas in organizations: Irregular oscillation and coevolving causalities.” Working Paper, Anderson School, UCLA.Google Scholar
Scherer, A. G. and Palazzo, G. 2007. “Toward a political conception of corporate responsibility: Business and society seen from a Habermasian perspective.” Academy of Management Review, 32:4, 10961120.Google Scholar
Scherer, A. and Palazzo, G. 2011. “The new political role of business in a globalized world: A review of a new perspective on CSR and its implications for the firm, governance, and democracy.” Journal of Management Studies, 48:4, 899931.Google Scholar
Schöneborn, D. 2011. “Organization as communication: A Luhmannian perspective.” Management Communication Quarterly, 25:4, 663689.Google Scholar
Seele, P. 2012. “Triple-profitability-bottom line: Supplier responsibility in a multistakeholder perspective and the power of the markets in the Apple–Foxconn case.” CRR Working papers, 11/2012.Google Scholar
Shocker, A. D. and Sethi, S. P. 1974. “An approach to incorporating social preferences in developing corporate action strategies.” In Sethi, S.P. (Ed.), The Unstable Ground: Corporate Social Policy in a Dynamic Society: 6780. Los Angeles, CA: Melville.Google Scholar
Slapin, J. B. and Proksch, S.-V. 2008. “A scaling model for estimating time-series party positions from texts.” American Journal of Political Science, 52:3, 705722.Google Scholar
Stone, P. J., Dunphy, D. C., Smith, M. S. and Ogilvie, D. M. (Eds.) 1966. The General Inquirer: A Computer Approach to Content Analysis. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Sweeney, L. and Coughlan, J. 2008. “Do different industries report corporate social responsibility differently? An investigation through the lens of stakeholder theory.” Journal of Marketing Communications, 14:2, 113124.Google Scholar
Taneja, S. S., Taneja, P. K. and Gupta, R. K. 2011. “Researches in corporate social responsibility: a review of shifting focus, paradigms, and methodologies.” Journal of Business Ethics, 101:3, 343364.Google Scholar
Tang, L. and Li, H. 2009. “Corporate social responsibility communication of Chinese and global corporations in China.” Public Relations Review, 35:3, 199212.Google Scholar
Tate, W. L., Ellram, L. M. and Kirchoff, J. F. 2010. “Corporate social responsibility reports: a thematic analysis related to supply chain management.” Journal of Supply Chain Management, 46:1, 1944.Google Scholar
Toppinen, A. and Korhonen-Kurki, K. 2013. “Global reporting initiative and social impact in managing corporate responsibility: A case study of three multinationals in the forest industry.” Business Ethics: A European Review, 22:2, 202217.Google Scholar
van Liedekerke, L. and Dubbink, W. 2008. “Twenty years of European business ethics: Past developments and future concerns.” Journal of Business Ethics, 82:2, 273280.Google Scholar
Vyakarnam, S. 1995. “FOCUS: Focus groups: Are they viable in ethics research?Business Ethics: A European Review, 4:1, 2429.Google Scholar
Waldner, C. 2012. “Do public and private recruiters look for different employees? The role of public service motivation.” International Journal of Public Administration, 35:1, 7079.Google Scholar
Weber, R. P. 1990. Basic Content Analysis. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Werhane, P. H. 1994. “The normative/descriptive distinction in methodologies of business ethics.” Business Ethics Quarterly, 4:2, 175180.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×