Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
  • Cited by 30
Publisher:
Cambridge University Press
Online publication date:
July 2009
Print publication year:
2004
Online ISBN:
9780511494031

Book description

This work examines the role of the Organization of African Unity, now the African Union, and how it has dealt with human rights since its inception in 1963. It considers the role of its main institutions both under the OAU and its transformation into the African Union. The book is divided into chapters examining various themes including the rights of women, the rights of the child, the concept of democracy and the right to development. Written by a leading human rights scholar, this book is essential reading for lawyers acting for African states, and for foreign governments and NGOs active in Africa, as well as being of interest to international and comparative human rights scholars.

Reviews

'Being mainly descriptive analyses of African human rights regionalism … Murray's book, in particular, provides sufficiently researched material for anyone interested in getting an updated picture of … the place of human rights in regional political institutions.'

Source: Leiden Journal of International Law

Refine List

Actions for selected content:

Select all | Deselect all
  • View selected items
  • Export citations
  • Download PDF (zip)
  • Save to Kindle
  • Save to Dropbox
  • Save to Google Drive

Save Search

You can save your searches here and later view and run them again in "My saved searches".

Please provide a title, maximum of 40 characters.
×

Contents

Bibliography
Abass, A. and Baderin, M. A., ‘Towards Effective Collective Security and Human Rights Protection in Africa: Assessment of the Constitutive Act of the African Union’, Netherlands International Law Review 49 (2002) 1–38
Abbink, J. and G. Hesseling, Election Observation and Democratization in Africa (Basingstoke: Macmillan Press, 2000)
Abdullahi, A. N. M., ‘Human Rights Protection in Africa: Towards Effective Mechanisms’, East African Journal of Peace and Human Rights 3(1) (1996) 1–31
Abdul-Razag, M. A., ‘The Organization of African Unity and the Protection of Human Rights in Africa’ (Ph. D. thesis, University of Hull, 1988)
Abi-Saab, G., ‘The Newly Independent States and the Rules of International Law’, Harvard Law Journal 8 (1962) 95–101
Addona, A. F., The Organization of African Unity (Cleveland and New York: World Publishing Company, 1969)
Adede, A. O., ‘Constitutionalism, Culture and Tradition: African Experiences on the Incorporation of Treaties into Domestic Law’, African Yearbook of International Law 7 (1999) 239–53
Adedeji, A., Comprehending and Mastering African Conflicts. The Search for Sustainable Peace and Good Governance (London: Zed Books, 1999)
Adegbite, L. O., ‘African Attitudes to the International Protection of Human Rights’, in A. Eide and A. Shou (eds.), International Protection of Human Rights: Proceedings of the Seventh Nobel Symposium, Oslo, September 25–27 1967 (Stockholm: Almquist & Wiksell, 1968) 69–81
Adepoju, A., ‘The Dimension of the Refugee Problem in Africa’, African Affairs 81 (1982) 21–35
Agbakwa, S. C., ‘Reclaiming Humanity: Economic, Social and Cultural Rights as the Cornerstone of African Human Rights’, Yale Human Rights and Development Law Journal 5 (2002) 177–216
Ager, A., Ager, W. and Long, L., ‘The Differential Experience of Mozambican Refugee Women and Men’, Journal of Refugee Studies 8 (1995) 265–87
Aginam, O., ‘Legitimate Governance under the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights', in Quashigah and Okafors.), Legitimate Governance in Africa 345–74
Aiboni, S. A., Protection of Refugees in Africa (Uppsala: Svenska Institutet för Internaionell Rätt, 1978)
Aidoo, A., ‘Africa: Democracy Without Human Rights?’, Human Rights Quarterly 15 (1993) 703–15
Ait-Ahmed, H., L'Afro-fascisme: les droits de l'homme dans la Chartre et la pratique de l'OUA (Paris: Harmattan, 1980)
Akindele, R. A., The Organization of African Unity, 1963–1988: A Role Analysis and Performance Review (Ibadan: Vantage Publishers, 1988)
Akindele, R. A. and B. A. Akinterinwa, ‘Reform of the United Nations: Towards Greater Effectiveness, Enhanced Legitimacy Profile and Equitable Regionally-Balanced Membership in an Enlarged UN Security Council’, in Obiozor and Ajala (eds.), Africa and the United Nations System 200–31
Akinola Aguda, T., Human Rights and the Right to Development in Africa (Lagos: Nigerian Institute of International Affairs, 1989)
Akinrinade, S. and S. Sesay, Africa in Post Cold War International System (London: Pinter, 1998)
Akintan, S. A., The Law of International Economic Institutions in Africa (Leiden: A. W. Sijthoff, 1977)
Akintoba, T. O., African States and Contemporary International Law. A Case Study of the 1982 Law of the Sea Convention and the Exclusive Economic Zone (The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1996)
Akinyemi, A. B., ‘The Organization of African Unity and the Concept of Non-Interference in Internal Affairs of Member States’, British Yearbook of International Law 46 (1972–3) 393–400
Allain, J., ‘The Jus Cogens Nature of Non-Refoulement’, International Journal of Refugee Law 13(4) (2001) 533–68
Alao, A., ‘The Role of African Regional and Sub-Regional Organisations in Conflict Prevention and Resolution’, Working Paper No. 23, New Issues in Refugee Research (New York: United Nations High Commission for Refugees, July 2000), www.unhcr.ch
Almond, H. H., ‘Human Rights, International Humanitarian Law and the Peaceable Adjustment of Differences in Africa’, East African Journal of Peace and Human Rights 1(2) (1993) 137–63
Alston, P. (ed.), The European Union and Human Rights (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999)
Alston, P., ‘Making Space for New Human Rights: The Case of the Right to DevelopmentHarvard Human Rights Yearbook 1 (1988) 1–38
Alston, P., Peoples' Rights (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001)
Alston, P. and J. H. H. Weiler, ‘An “Ever Closer Union” in Need of a Human Rights Policy: The European Union and Human Rights’, in Alston.), The European Union and Human Rights 3–68
Amate, C. O. C., Inside the Organization of African Unity: Pan-Africanism in Practice (New York: St Martin's Press, 1986)
Ambrose, B. P., Democratization and the Protection of Human Rights in Africa. Problems and Prospects (Westport, CT: Praeger, 1995)
Ammons, L., ‘Consequences of War on African Countries’ Social and Economic Development', African Studies Review 39(1) (1996) 67–82
Amnesty International, The African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child (London: Amnesty International, December 1998) AI Index: IOR 63/006/1998
Amnesty International, Organization of African Unity: Making Human Rights a Reality for Africans (London: Amnesty International, August 1998) AI Index: IOR 63/01/98
Amnesty International, Southern Africa: Policing and Human Rights in the Southern African Development Community (London: Amnesty International, 1997)
Anand, R. P., ‘Attitudes of Asian-African States towards Certain Problems of International Law’, International and Comparative Law Quarterly15 (1966) 1–15
Anand, R. P., ‘The Role of the “New” Asian-African Countries in the Present International Legal Order’, American Journal of International Law 56(2) (1962) 383–406
Andemicael, B., ‘OAU—UN Relations in a Changing World’, in EI-Ayouty (ed.), Organization of African Unity after Thirty Years 119–38
Andemicael, B., The Organization of African Unity and the UN. Relations between the Organisation of African Unity and the United Nations (New York: Africana Publishing Company, 1976)
Andemicael, B., Peaceful Settlement among African States: Roles of the United Nations and the Organization of African Unity (New York: UN Institute for Training and Research, 1972)
Ankumah, E., The African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights. Practices and Procedures (The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1996)
An-Na'im, A. (ed.), Cultural Transformation and Human Rights in Africa (London: Zed Books, 2002)
An-Na'im, A. and F. M. Deng, Human rights in Africa: Cross Cultural Perspectives (Washington, DC: Brookings Institute, 1990)
An-Naim, A., Universal Rights, Local Remedies, Implementing Human Rights in Legal Systems of Africa (London: Interights, 1999)
Anthony, C. G., ‘Africa's Refugee Crisis: State Building in Historical Perspective’, International Migration Review 25(3) (1991) 574–91
Anyang'Nyong'o, P., Popular Struggles for Democracy in Africa (London: Zed Books, 1987)
Anyangwe, C., ‘Obligations of States Parties to the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights', African Journal of International and Comparative Law 10 (1998) 625–59
Arat, S. F., ‘Analysing Child Labour as a Human Rights Issue: Its Causes, Aggravating Policies and Alternative Proposals’, Human Rights Quarterly 24 (2002) 177–204
Armstrong, K., ‘Uncovering Reality: Excavating Women's Rights in African Family Law’, International Journal of Law and the Family 7 (1993) 314–69
Asante, K. D., ‘Election Monitoring's Impact on the Law: Can it be Reconciled with Sovereignty?’, New York University Journal of International Law and Politics 26 (1994) 269–89
Ault, D., ‘The Development of Individual Rights to Property in Tribal Africa’, Journal of Law and Economics 22(1) (1979) 163–82
Awuku, E. O., ‘Refugee Movements in Africa and the Organization of African Unity Convention on Refugees’, Journal of African Law 39 (1995) 79–86
Ayine, D. M., ‘Ballots or Bullets?: Compliance with Rules and Norms Providing for the Right to Democratic Governance. An African Perspective’, African Journal of International and Comparative Law 10 (1998) 709–33
El-Ayouty, Y., ‘An OAU for the Future: An Assessment’, in El-Ayouty (ed.), Organization of African Unity after Thirty Years) 179–93
El-Ayouty, Y. (ed.), The Organization of African Unity after Thirty Years (Westport, CT: Praeger, 1994)
El-Ayouty, Y. and H. C. Brooks (eds.), Africa and International Organisations (The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1974)
Babarinde, O. A., ‘Analyzing the Proposed African Economic Community: Lessons from the Experience of the European Union’, paper for the Third ECSA-World Conference on The European Union in a Changing World (Brussels: European Commission, D-G X, September 1996), http://www.ecsanet.org/conferences/babarinde.htm
Bakwesegha, C. J., ‘The OAU and African Refugees’, in El-Ayouty (ed.), Organization of African Unity after Thirty Years 77–96
Bakwesegha, C. J., ‘Role of the Organization of African Unity in Conflict Prevention, Management and Resolution’, International Journal of Refugee Law 21 (1995) 207–22
Banda, F., ‘Global Standards: Local Values’, International journal of Law Policy and Family (2003) 1–27
Barnett, L., ‘Global Governance and the Evolution of the International Refugee Regime’, International Journal of Refugee Law 14 (2002) 238–62
Barron, M., ‘When the Soldiers Come Home: A Gender Analysis of the Reintegration of Demobilised Soldiers, Mozambique 1994–6’ (MA thesis, University of East Anglia, 1996)
Barutciski, M., ‘Involuntary Repatriation when Refugee Protection is no Longer Necessary: Moving Forward after the 48th Session of the Executive Committee’, International Journal of Refugee Law 10(2) (1998) 236–55
Bauer, G., ‘Namibia in the First Decade of Independence: How Democratic?’, Journal of Southern African Studies 27(1) (2001) 33–55
Bedjaoui, M., ‘The Right to Development and the Jus Cogens’, Lesotho Law Journal 2(2) (1986) 93–129
Beetham, D., ‘Democracy and Human Rights: Civil and Political, Economic, Social and Cultural’, in J. Symonides (ed.), Human Rights: New Dimensions and Challenges (Dartmouth: Ashgate, 1998) 71–98
Beetham, D., ‘Democracy and Human Rights: Contrast and Convergence’, Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, Seminar on the Interdependence between Democracy and Human Rights (Geneva: OHCHR, 25–26 November 2002)
Beilstein, J. C., ‘Women in Political Decision-Making. Progress Towards a “Critical Mass”’, paper for Southern African Development Community Regional Parliamentary Seminar, in co-operation with UNDP, Women in Decision-Making: Empowerment for Action, Cape Town, 5 September 1996
Bello, E. G., ‘Human Rights: The Rule of Law in Africa’, International and Comparative Law Quarterly 30 (1981) 628–37
Benedek, W., ‘The African Charter and Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights: How to Make it More Effective', Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights 1 (1993) 25–40
Benedek, W. E., M. Kisaakye and G. Oberleitner, Human Rights of Women. International Instruments and African Experiences (London: Zed Books, 2002)
Berg, E. Z., ‘Gendering Conflict Resolution’, Peace and Change 19(4) (1994) 325–48
Betts, T. F., ‘Rural Refugees in Africa’, International Migration Review 15(1/2) (1981) 213–18
Beyani, C., ‘International Legal Criteria for the Separation of Members of Armed Forces, Armed Bands and Militia from Refugees in the Territories of Host States’, International Journal of Refugee Law 12(1) (2000) 251–71
Beyani, C., ‘The Needs of Refugee Women: A Human Rights Perspective’, Gender and Development 3(2) (1995) 29–35
Blavo, E. Q., The Problems of Refugees in Africa (Aldershot: Ashgate, 1999)
Blay, S., ‘Changing African Perspectives on the Right of Self-Determination in the Wake of the Banjul Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights', Journal of African Law (1985) 147–59
Boumans, E. and Norbart, M., ‘The European Parliament and Human Rights’, Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights 7 (1989) 35–56
Boutros-Ghali, B., L'Organization de Unitè Africaine (Paris: A. Colin Collection U, Series Institutions Internationales, 1969)
Boyle, A. and D. Freestone (eds.), International Law and Sustainable Development. Past Achievements and Future Challenges (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999)
Bozeman, A. B., Conflict in Africa. Concepts and Realities (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1976)
Bradley, C. K. St, ‘Reflections on the Human Rights Role of the European Parliament’, in Alston (ed.), The European Union and Human Rights 839–58
Bratton, M., Governance and Politics in Africa (Boulder: Lynne Reiner, 1991)
Brennan, E. M., ‘Irregular Migration: Policy Responses in Africa and Asia’, International Migration Review 18(3) (1984) 409–25
Busia, N. K. A., ‘The Status of Human Rights in Pre-Colonial Africa: Implications for Contemporary Practices’, in E. McCarthy-Arnolds, D. R. Penna and D. J. Cruz Sobrepeña (eds.), Africa, Human Rights, and the Global System. The Political Economy of Human Rights in a changing world (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1994) 225–50
Buxbaum, D. C., Traditional and Modern Legal Institutions in Asia and Africa (Leiden: EJ Brill, 1967)
Byers, M. and S. Chesterman, ‘“You the People”: Pro-Democratic Intervention in International Law’, in Fox and Roth (eds.), Democratic Governance 259–92
Byrne, B., Gender, Conflict and Development, vols. I and II, Bridge Report Nos. 34–5 (Brighton: Institute of Development Studies, 1996)
Byrne, B., ‘Towards a Gendered Understanding of Conflict’, IDS Bulletin 27(3) (1996) 1–10
Byrnes, A., ‘Women, Feminism and International Human Rights Law – Metho-dological Myopia, Fundamental Flaws or Meaningful Marginalization? Some Current Issues’, Australian Yearbook of International Law 12 (1992) 216–23
Carver, R., ‘How African Governments Investigate Human Rights Violations’, Third World Legal Studies (1988) 161–83
Carver, R. and P. Hunt, National Human Rights Institutions in Africa (Banjul: African Centre for Democracy and Human Rights Studies, 1991)
Cassel, D. W., ‘Somoza's Revenge: A New Judge for the Inter-American Court of Human Rights’, Human Rights Law Journal 13(4) (1992) 137–40
Cervenka, Z., ‘Major Policy Shifts in the Organization of African Unity 1963–1973’, in K. Ingham (ed.), Foreign Relations of African States (London: Butterworths, 1974) 323–44
Cervenka, Z., The Organization of African Unity and its Charter (New York: Praeger, 1968)
Cervenka, Z., ‘The Role of the Organization of African Unity in the Peaceful Settlement of Disputes’, in E1-Ayouty and Books (eds.), Africa 48–68
Cervenka, Z., The Unfinished Quest for Unity. Africa and the Organization of African Unity (New York: Freidman, 1977)
Chabal, P., ‘The Quest for Good Government and Development in Africa: Is New Partnership for Africa's Development the Answer?’, International Affairs 78(3) (2002) 447–62
Chanda, A., ‘The Organization of African Unity: An Appraisal’, Zambia Law Journal 21–4 (1989–92) 1–29
Charlesworth, H., ‘Transforming the United Nations Men's Club: Feminist Futures for the United Nations’, Transnational Law and Contemporary Problems 4 (1994) 422–54
Chime, S. C., ‘The Organization of African Unity and African Boundaries’, in C. G. Widstrand (ed.), African Boundary Problems (Uppsala: Scandinavian Institute of Africa Studies, 1969) 74–90
Chimni, B. S., ‘From Resettlement to Involuntary Repatriation: Towards a Critical History of Durable Solutions to Refugee Problems’, Working Paper No. 2, New Issues in Refugee Research (New York: United Nations High Commission for Refugees, 1999), www.unhcr.ch
Chirwa, D. M., ‘The Merits and Demerits of the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child’, International Journal of Children's Rights 10 (2002) 157–77
Chowdhury, S. R., E. M. G. Denters and P. J. I. M. de Waart (eds.), The Right to Development in International Law (Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff, 1992)
Cilliers, J., ‘New Partnership for Africa's Development's Peer Review Mechanism’ (Pretoria: Institute for Security Studies Paper 64, November 2002), www.iss.co.za
Cilliers, J. and G. Mills, Peacekeeping in Africa (Pretoria: Institute for International Affairs, 1995)
Cimade, I., M. Inodep and I. Mink, Africa's Refugee Crisis (London: Zed Books, 1986)
Clapham, A., ‘A Human Rights Policy for the European Community’, Yearbook of European Law 10 (1990) 309–49
Clapham, A. ‘Where is the EU's Human Rights Common Foreign Policy and How is it Manifested in Multilateral Fora?’, in Alston (ed.), The European Union and Human Rights 621–49
Clapham, C., Africa and the International System. The Politics of State Survival (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996)
Clark, T., Aiken, S., Jackman, B. and Matas, D., ‘International Human Rights Law and Legal Remedies in Expulsion: Progress and Some Remaining Problems with Special Reference to Canada’, Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights 15(4) (1997) 429–45
Clark, T. and Crépeau, F., ‘Mainstreaming Refugee Rights. The 1951 Refugee Convention and International Human Rights Law’, Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights 17(4) (1999) 389–410
Cohen, R., G. Hyden and W. P. Nagan (eds.), Human Rights and Governance in Africa (Miami: University Press of Florida, 1993)
Collins, J. S., ‘An Analysis of the Voluntariness of Refugee Repatriation in Africa’ (Ph. D. thesis, University of Manitoba, 1996)
Conroy, D. K., The Global and Regional Situation of Women Top Civil Servants (Vienna: UNDAW, 1989), EGM/EPPDM/1989/WP.3
Crawford, J., ‘Democracy and the Body of International Law’, in Fox and Roths (eds.), Democratic Governance 91–122
Crawford, J., ‘Democracy and International Law’, British Yearbook of International Law 64 (1993) 113–35
Crawford, J. (ed.), The Right of Peoples (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1988)
Crisp, J., ‘Africa's Refugees: Patterns, Problems and Policy Challenges’, Working Paper No. 28, New Issues in Refugee Research (New York: United Nations High Commission for Refugees, 2000), www.unhcr.ch
Crocker, C. A., ‘Military Dependence: The Colonial Legacy in Africa’, Journal of Modern African Studies 12(2) (1974) 265–86
Davidson, B., African Nationalism and the Problems of Nation-Building (Lagos: Nigerian Institute of International Affairs, 1987)
Deng, F. M., ‘The Challenge of the African Experience’, in F. M. Deng, (ed.), Protecting the Dispossessed: A Challenge for the International Community (Washington, DC: Brookings Institute, 1993) 109–20
Dicklitch, S., ‘A Basic Human Rights Approach to Democracy in Uganda’, Journal of Contemporary African Studies 20(2) (2002) 3–15
Dieng, A., ‘Addressing the Root Causes of Forced Population Displacements in Africa: A Theoretical Model’, International Journal of Refugee Law 7(2) (1995) 119–29
Dijk, P., ‘The Law of Human Rights in Europe – Instruments and Procedures for a Uniform Implementation’, Academy of European Law 6(2) (1997) 22–50
Donnelly, J., ‘The “Right to Development”: How Not to Link Human Rights and Development’, in Welch and Meltzer (eds.), Human Rights and Development 261–83
D'Sa,, R., ‘The African Refugee Problem, Relevant International Conventions and Recent Activities of the Organization of African Unity’, Netherlands International Law Review 31 (1984) 378–95
Dugard, J., ‘Human Rights, Humanitarian Law and the South African Conflict’, Harvard Human Rights Yearbook 2 (1989) 101–10
Dugard, J., ‘The Organisation of African Unity and Colonialism: An Inquiry into the Plea of Self-Defence as a Justification for the Use of Force in the Eradication of Colonialism’, International and Comparative Law Quarterly 16 (1967) 157–90
Dumor, E. K., Ghana, Organization of African Unity and Southern Africa. An African Response to Apartheid (Accra: Ghana Universities Press, 1991)
Dunbar, S. R., ‘Role of Women in Decision-Making in the Peace Process’, in S. Wölte (ed.), Human Rights Violations against Women during War and Conflict (Geneva: Women's International League for Peace and Freedom, 1997) 12–18
Dunn, K. C., ‘Introduction: Africa and International Relations Theory’, in K. C. Dunn and T. M. Shaw, Africa's Challenge to International Relations Theory (Basingstoke: Palgrave, 2001) 1–10
Egan, S., ‘Human Rights Considerations in Extradition and Expulsion Cases: The European Convention on Human Rights Revisited’, Contemporary Issues in Irish Law and Politics 1 (1998) 188–215
Eijk, R., ‘The United Nations and the Reconstruction of Collapsed States in Africa’, African Journal of International and Comparative Law 9(3) (1997) 573–99
Einarsen, T., ‘The European Convention on Human Rights and the Notion of an Implied Right to De Facto Asylum’, International Journal of Refugee Law 3 (1990) 361–75
Elias, T. O., Africa and the Development of International Law, 2nd edn., ed. R. Akinjide (The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1988)
Elias, T. O., Africa before the World Court (Nairobi: University of Nairobi, 1981)
Elias, T. O., ‘The Commission of Mediation, Conciliation and Arbitration of the Organization of African Unity’, British Yearbook of International Law 40 (1964) 336
Elias, T. O., ‘The Charter of the Organization of African Unity’, American Journal of International Law 59 (1965) 243–67
Elias, T. O., Government and Politics in Africa (London: Asia Publishing House, 1961)
Elias, T. O., New Horizons in International Law, 2nd edn. (Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff, 1992)
Emerson, R., ‘The Fate of Human Rights in the Third World’, World Politics 27(2) (1975) 201–26
Emerson, R., ‘Pan-Africanism’, International Organisation 16 (1962) 275–90
Enemo, I., ‘Self-Determination as the Fundamental Basis of the Concept of Legitimate Governance under the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights', in Quashigah and Okafors.), Legitimate Governance in Africa 403–18
Engo, P. B., ‘Peaceful Co-existence and Friendly Relations among States: The African Contribution to the Progressive Development of Principles of International Law’, in El-Ayouty and Brooks (eds.), Africa 29–47
Eriksson, L.-G., G. Melander and P. Nobel, An Analysing Account of the Conference on the African Refugee Problem, Arusha, May 1979 (Uppsala: Scandinavian Institute of African Affairs, 1981)
Esiemokhai, E., ‘Towards Adequate Defence of Human Rights in Africa’, Quarterly Journal of Administration 24(4) (1980) 451–61
Evans, M., T. Ige and R. Murray, ‘The Reporting Mechanism of the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights', in Evans and Murray (eds.), The African Charter 36–60
Evans, M. and R. Murray (eds.), The African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights. The System in Practice 1986–2000 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002)
Eze, O. C., Human Rights in Africa. Some Selected Problems (Lagos: Nigerian Institute of International Affairs and Macmillan Nigeria, 1984)
Eze, O. C., ‘The Organization of African Unity and Human Rights: Twenty Five Years After’, Nigerian Journal of International Affairs 14 (1988) 163–4
Ezetah, C. R., ‘Legitimate Governance and Statehood in Africa: Beyond the Failed State and Colonial Self-Determination’, in Quashigah and Okafor (eds.), Legitimate Governance in Africa 419–59
Fitzpatrick, J., ‘Temporary Protection of Refugees: Elements of a Formalized Regime’, American Journal of International Law 94(2) (2000) 279–306
Fleck, D. (ed.), Handbook of Humanitarian law Armed Conflicts (Oxford; Oxford University Press, 1995)
Flinterman, C. and E. Ankumah, The African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights, in H. Hannum (ed.), Guide to International Human Rights Practice (Philadelphia: University of Philadelphia Press, 1992) 159–69
Fonteyne, J. P., ‘Burden Sharing: An Analysis of the Nature and Function of International Solidarity in Cases of Mass Influx of Refugees’, Australian Yearbook of International Law 8 (1983) 162–88
Fox, G., ‘The Right to Political Participation in International Law’, Yale Journal of International Law 17 (1992) 570–87
Fox, G. H., ‘The Right to Political Participation in International Law’, in Fox and Roth (eds.), Democratic Governance 48–90
Fox, H., ‘The Settlement of Disputes by Peaceful Means and the Observance of International Law: African Attitudes’, International Relations 3(6) (1968) 389–400
Fox, D., N. Hasci and P. Magnarella, The Challenges of Women's Activism and Human Rights in Africa (New York: Edwin Mellen Press, 1999)
Fox, G. H. and B. R. Roth (eds.), Democratic Governance and International Law (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000)
Franck, T., ‘Afference, Efference and Legitimacy in Africa’, in El-Ayouty and Brooks (eds.), Africa 3–10
Franck, T., ‘The Emerging Right to Democratic Governance’, American Journal of International Law 86 (1992) 44–91
Gallagher, A., ‘Ending the Marginalization: Strategies for Incorporating Women into the United Nations Human Rights System’, Human Rights Quarterly 19 (1997) 283–333
Gardham, J., ‘The Law of Armed Conflict: A Gendered Regime?’, in D. Dallmeyer (ed.), Reconceiving Reality: Women and International Law (Washington, DC: American Society of International Law, 1993) 171–93
Gareau, F. H., ‘The Impact of the United Nations Upon Africa’, Journal of Modern African Studies 16(4) (1978) 565–78
Geisler, G., ‘Fair? What has Fairness got to do with it? Vagaries of Election Observations and Democratic Standards’, Journal of Modern African Studies 31(4) (1993) 613–37
Geisler, G., ‘Troubled Sisterhood: Women and Politics in Southern Africa: Case Studies from Zambia, Zimbabwe and Botswana’, African Affairs 95 (1995) 545–78
Geiss, I., The Pan-African Movement. A History of Pan-Africanism in America, Europe and Asia (New York: Africana Publishing Company, 1968)
Geissler, N., ‘The International Protection of Internally Displaced Persons’, International Journal of Refugee Law 11(3) (1999) 451–78
Ginther, K., ‘Sustainable Development and Good Governance: Development and Evolution of Constitutional Orders’, in Ginther et al. (eds.), Sustainable Development 150–77
Ginther, K. and W. Benedek, New Perspectives and Conceptions of International law: An Afro-Asian Dialogue (Vienna and New York: Springer-Verlag, 1983)
Ginther, K., E. Denters and P. J. I. M. de Waart (eds.), Sustainable Development and Good Governance (Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff, 1995)
Gittleman, R., ‘Peoples’ Rights: A Legal Analysis', Virginia Journal of International Law, 22 (1982) 667–714
Gonidec, P. F., ‘Relationship of International Law and National Law in Africa’, African Journal of International and Comparative Law 10 (1998) 244–9
Gonidec, P. F., ‘Towards a Treatise of African International Law’, African Journal of International and Comparative Law 9(4) (1997) 807–21
Goodwin-Gill, G., ‘International Law and Human Rights: Trends Concerning International Migrants and Refugees’, International Migration Review 23(3) (1989) 526–46
Goodwin-Gill, G., The Refugee in International Law, 2nd edn. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996)
Gorlick, B., ‘The Convention and the Committee against Torture: A Complementary Protection Regime for Refugees’, International Journal of Refugee Law 11(3) (1999) 479–95
Gorlick, B., ‘Human Rights and Refugees: Enhancing Protection through International Human Rights Law’, Working Paper No. 30, New Issues in Refugee Research (New York: United Nations High Commission for Refugees, October 2000), www.unhcr.ch
Gorman, R. F., ‘Beyond International Conference on Assistance to Refugees in Africa II: Implementing Refugee-Related Development Assistance’, International Migration Review 20(2) (1986) 283–98
Gose, M., ‘The African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child: An Assessment of the Legal Value of its Substantive Provisions by Means of a Direct Comparison to the Convention on the Rights of the Child’, Community Law Centre (2002), http://www.communitylawcentre.org.za/children/publications/african_charter.pdf
Gowlland-Debbas, V. (ed.), The Problem of Refugees in the Light of Contemporary International Law Issues (The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1996)
Griffiths, I. L. L., The African Inheritance (London: Routledge, 1995)
Griffiths, I. L. L., An Atlas of African Affairs (London and New York: Methuen, 1984)
Gutto, S., ‘Current Concepts, Core Principles, Dimensions, Processes and Institutions of Democracy and the Inter-Relationship between Democracy and Modern Human Rights’, Seminar on the Interdependence between Democracy and Human Rights (Geneva, 25–26 November 2002), www.unhchr.ch
Gutto, S., ‘The Organization of African Unity's New Mechanisms for Conflict Prevention, Management and Resolution and the Controversial Concept of Humanitarian Intervention in International Law’, African Society of International and Comparative Law Proceedings 7 (1995) 348–51
Gutto, S., ‘The Rule of Law, Democracy and Human Rights: Whither Africa?’, East African Journal of Peace and Human Rights 3(1) (1996) 130–9
Haile, M., ‘Human Rights, Stability and Development in Africa: Some Observations on the Concept and Reality’, Virginia Journal of International Law 24(3) (1984) 575–615
Hamalengwa, M., The International Law of Human Rights in Africa: Basic Documents and Annotated Bibliography (Dordrecht and Boston: Martinus Nijhoff, 1988)
Hamrell, S., Refugee Problems in Africa (Uppsala: Scandinavian Institute of African Studies, 1967)
Hansen, A., ‘African Refugees: Defining and Defending their Human Rights’, in Cohen, Hyden and Nagan (eds.), Human Rights and Governance 139–67
Harbeson, J. W. and D. Rothchild, Africa in World Politics. The African State System in Flux (Oxford: Westview Press, 2000)
Harbeson, J. W., D. Rothchild and N. Chazan, Civil Society and the State in Africa (Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1994)
Harrell-Bond, B. E., ‘Repatriation: Under What Conditions is it the Most Desirable Solution for Refugees? An Agenda for Research’, African Studies Review 32(1) (1989) 41–69
Harrell-Bond, B., Towards the Economic and Social ‘Integration’ of Refugee Populations in Host Countries in Africa (Muscatine, IA: Stanley Foundation, 2002), http://reports.stanleyfoundation.org/hrp/HRP02B.pdf
Harrington, J., ‘The African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights', in Evans and Murray (eds.), The African Charter 305–34
Harvey, C. J., ‘Dissident Voices: Refugees, Human Rights and Asylum in Europe’, Social and Legal Studies 9(3) (2000) 367–96
Harvey, C. J., ‘Strangers at the Gate: Human Rights and Refugee Protection’, Irish Studies in International Affairs 10 (1999) 7–20
Hatchard, J., ‘Reporting under International Human Rights Instruments by African Countries’, Journal of African Law 38 (1994) 61–3
Hathaway, J. C., Reconceiving International Refugee Law (The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1997)
Hefny, M., ‘Enhancing the Capabilities of the Organization of African Unity Mechanism for Conflict Prevention, Management and Resolution: An Immediate Agenda for Action’, African Society of International and Comparative Law Proceedings 7 (1995) 176–80
Held, D., Models of Democracy (London: Polity Press, 1996)
Helton, A. C., The Price of Indifference. Refugees and Humanitarian Action in the New Century (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002)
Helton, A. C., ‘Protecting the World's Exiles: Human Rights of Non-Citizens’, Human Rights Quarterly 22 (2000) 280–301
Henkin, L., ‘International Law: Politics, Values and Functions, Collected Courses of the Hague Academy of International Law 216 (1989) 3–16
Henry, P. M., ‘The UN and the Problem of African Development’, International Organisation 16(2) (1962) 362–74
Herbert, R., Implementing New Partnership for Africa's Development: A Critical Assessment (Pretoria: South Africa Institute of International Affairs, June 2002), www.iss.co.za
Hernández-Truyol, B. E., ‘Women's Rights as Human Rights, Realities and the Role of Culture: A Formula for Reform’, Brooklyn Journal of International Law, 21 (1996) 605–77
Higgins, R., UN Peacekeeping 1946–1967. Africa (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1980)
Holleman, J. F., Issues in African Law (The Hague: Mouton, 1974)
Holmes, J., ‘The Impact of the Commonwealth on Emergence of Africa’, International Organisation 16(2) (1962) 291–302
Holsti, O. R. and Rosenau, J. N., ‘The Foreign Policy Beliefs of Women in Leadership Positions’, Journal of Politics 43 (1981) 326–40
Houser, G. M., ‘Human Rights and the Liberation Struggle: The Importance of Creative Tension’, in E. McCarthy-Arnolds, D. R. Penna and D. J. Cruz Sobrepeña (eds.), Africa, Human Rights and the Global System. The Political Economy of Human Rights in a Changing World (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1994) 11–22
Hovell tot, Westerflier W., ‘Africa and Refugees: The Organization of African Unity Refugee Convention in Theory and Practice’, Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights 7(2) (1989) 11–32
Hovet, T., ‘Effect of the African Group of States on the Behaviour of the United Nations’, in El-Ayouty and Brooks (eds.), Africa 11–17
Howard, R. E., ‘Evaluating Human Rights in Africa: Some Problems of Implicit Comparisons’, Human Rights Quarterly 6 (1984) 160–79
Howard, R. E., Human Rights in Commonwealth Africa (Totowa, NJ: Rowman & Littlefield, 1986)
Howard, R. E., ‘Is there an African Concept of Human Rights?’, in R. J. Vincent (ed.), Foreign Policy and Human Rights: Issues and Responses (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986) 11–32
Howard, R. E., ‘Women's Rights and the Right to Development’, in Cohen, Hyden and Nagan (eds.), Human Rights and Governance 111–38
Human Rights Watch, Protectors or Pretenders: Human Rights Institutions in Africa (London: Human Rights Watch, 2001)
Hutchinson, M. R., ‘Restoring Hope: UN Security Council Resolutions for Somalia and an Expanded Doctrine of Humanitarian Intervention’, Harvard International Law Journal 34 (1993) 624–40
Hyden, G. and M. Bratton, Governance and Politics in Africa (Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1992)
Hyndman, J. and Nylund, B. V., ‘United Nations High Commission for Refugees and the Status of Prima Facie Refugees in Kenya’, International Journal of Refugee Law 10(1) (1998) 21–48
Ibhawoh, B., ‘Between Culture and Constitution: Evaluating the Cultural Legitimacy of Human Rights in the African State’, Human Rights Quarterly 22(3) (2000) 838–60
ICJ, Human Rights in One Party State (London: International Commission of Jurists, 1978)
Ige, T., ‘New Partnership for Africa's Development and African Women: Mechanism for Engagement Input and Ownership’, http://www.unesco.org/women/NEPAD/tokunbo.htm
Ihonvbere, J., Multiparty Democracy and Political Change: Constraints to Democratisation in Africa (Aldershot: Ashgate, 1998)
Ihonvbere, J., The Political Economy of Crisis and Underdevelopment in Africa: Selected Works of Claude Ake (Lagos: JAD Publishers Ltd, 1989)
Jackson, I., The Refugee Concept in Group Situations (The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1999)
Jacobsen, K., ‘Factors Influencing the Policy Responses of Host Governments to Mass Refugee Influxes’, International Migration Review 30(3) (1996) 655–78
Jacobson, R., ‘Women's Political Participation: Mozambique's Democratic Transition’, Gender and Development 3(3) (1995) 29–35
Jesseman, C., ‘The Protection and Participation Rights of the Child Soldier: An African and Global Perspective’, African Human Rights Law Journal 1(1) (2001) 140–54
Jessup, P. C., ‘The Estrada Doctrine’, American Journal of International Law 25 (1931) 719
Jjuuko, F. W., ‘The State, Democracy and Constitutionalism in Africa’, East African Journal of Peace and Human Rights 2(1) (1995) 1–40
Jonah, J. O. C., ‘The OAU: Peacekeeping and Conflict Resolution’, in El-Ayouty (ed.), Organization of African Unity after Thirty Years 3–14
Jonah, J. O. C., ‘The UN and the Organization of African Unity: Roles in the Maintenance of International Peace and Security in Africa’, in El-Ayouty and Brooks (eds.), Africa 127– 51
Juma, M. K., ‘Migration, Security and Refugee Protection: A Reflection’, prepared for discussion at Stanley Foundation Conference, Refugee Protection in Africa: How to Ensure Stability and Development for Refugees and Hosts (Entebbe, 10–14 November 2002), http://reports.stanleyfoundation.org/HRP02A.pdf
Kaballo, S., ‘Human Rights and Democratization in Africa’, in D. Beetham (ed.), Politics and Human Rights, Political Studies 43 (Special Issue) (1995) 189– 203
Kabera, J. B., ‘Education of Refugees and their Expectations in Africa: The Case of Returnees with Special Reference to Uganda’, African Studies Review 32 (1) (1989) 31–9
Kamanu, O. S., ‘Secession and the Right of Self-Determination: An Organization of African Unity Dilemma’, Journal of Modern African Studies 12 (3) (1974) 355–76
Kasmann, E. and M. Korner, Gender-Aware Approaches to Relief and Rehabilitation: Guidelines (Bonn: InterAktion, 1996)
Khushalani, Y., ‘Human Rights in Africa and AsiaHuman Rights Law Journal 4 (1983) 403–42
Kibreab, G., African Refugees (Trenton, NJ: Africa World Press, 1985)
Kiwanuka, R. N., ‘Note, The Meaning of “People” in the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights', American Journal of International Law 82 (1988) 80–101
Klabbers, J. and R. Lefeber, ‘Africa: Lost between Self-determination and Uti Possidetis’, in C. Brolmann (ed.), Peoples and Minorities in International Law (Leiden: Brill, 1993) 37–54
Kloman, E. H., ‘African Unification Movements’, International Organisation 16 (2) (1962) 387–404
Knop, K., Diversity and Self-Determination in International Law (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000)
Kois, L., ‘Article 18 of the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights: A Progressive Approach to Women's Human Rights', East African Journal of Peace and Human Rights 2 (1996) 115–29
Kongolo, T., ‘WTO Doha Ministerial Declaration and Intellectual Property: African Perspectives’, African Yearbook of International Law 9 (2001) 185–211
Kouassi, E. K., ‘OAU-UN Interaction over the Last Decade’, in El-Ayouty (ed.), Organization of African Unity after Thirty Years 139–46
Kumari, R., Women in Decision-Making (London: Vikas Publishing House, 1997)
Kunig, P., ‘The Protection of Human Rights by International Law in Africa’, German Yearbook of International Law 25 (1982) 138–68
Kunig, P., W. Benedek and E. R. Mahalu, Regional Protection of Human Rights by International Law: The Emerging African Systems (Baden Baden: Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft, 1985)
Kwakwa, E., ‘Internal Conflicts in Africa: Is there a Right of Humanitarian Intervention?’, African Yearbook of International Law 2 (1994) 9–21
Ladouceur, P., ‘Seminar on African Refugee Problems’, Journal of Modern African Studies 8(2) (1970) 298–301
Lang, D., Sustainable Development and International Law (London: Kluwer Law International, 1995)
Langley, W., ‘The Rights of Women, the African Charter and the Economic Development of Africa’, B. C. Third World Law Journal 7 (1987) 215–21
Lauterpacht, H., Recognition in International Law (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1947)
Lawyers' Committee for Human Rights, African Exodus. Refugee Crisis, Human Rights and the 1969 Organization of African Unity Convention (New York: Lawyers' Committee for Human Rights, 1995)
Lee, L. T., ‘The Right to Compensation: Refugees and Countries of Asylum’, American Journal of International Law 80(3) (1986) 532–67
Legesse, A. M., ‘Human Rights in African Political Culture’, in K. W. Thompson (ed.), The Moral Imperative of Human Rights: A World Survey (Washington, DC: Press of America, 1980) 125–8
Legum, C., Pan-Africanism (New York: Praeger, 1965)
Leijenaar, M., How to Create a Gender Balance in Political Decision-Making: A Guide to Implementing Policies for Increasing Participation of Women in Political Decision-Making (Brussels: European Union, 1997)
Levitt, J., ‘Conflict Prevention, Management and Resolution: African Regional Strategies. Cases of OAU, ECOWAS’, Duke Journal of International and Comparative Law 11 (2001) 39–50
Lillich, I., Human Rights of Aliens in Contemporary International Law (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1984)
Lloyd, A., ‘Evolution of the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child and the African Committee of Experts. Raising the Gauntlet’, International Journal of Children's Rights 10 (2002) 179–98
Lloyd, A., ‘Recent Developments: The First Meeting of the African Committee of Experts on the Rights and Welfare of the Child’, African Human Rights Law Journal 2(2) (2002) 13–22
Lloyd, A., ‘Recent Developments: The Second Ordinary Session in the African Committee of Experts’, African Human Rights Law Journal 3(2) (2003) 31–48
Lloyd, A., ‘Regional Developments on the Rights and Welfare of Children in Africa: A General Report on the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child and the African Committee of Experts’, http://www.uwe.ac.uk/law/research/acr/report.htm
Lloyd, A., ‘A Theoretical Analysis of the Reality of Children's Rights in Africa: An Introduction to the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child’, African Human Rights Law Journal 2 (2002) 11–32
Loescher, G., The United Nations High Commission for Refugees and World Politics. A Perilous Path (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001)
Macrae, J., ‘Aiding Peace … and War: United Nations High Commission for Refugees, Returnee Reintegration, and the Relief-Development Debate’, Working Paper No. 14, New Issues in Refugee Research (New York: United Nations High Commission for Refugees, 1999), www.unhcr.ch
Mahmud, S. S., ‘The State and Human Rights in Africa in the 1990s: Perspectives and Prospects’, Human Rights Quarterly 15 (1993) 485–98
Makinda, S. M., ‘Democracy and Multi-Party Politics in Africa’, Journal of Modern African Studies 34(4) (1996) 555–73
Makonnen, Y., International Law and the New States of Africa (Addis Ababa: UNESCO, 1983)
Malan, M., ‘The Organization of African Unity and Subregional Organisations: A Closer Look at the Peace Pyramid’, Occasional Paper No. 36 (Pretoria: Institute for Security Studies, January 1999), http://www.iss.co.za/Pubs/PAPERS/36/Paper36.html
Maluwa, T., ‘International Law Making in the Organisation of African Unity: An Overview’, African Journal of International and Comparative Law 12 (2000) 201–5
Maluwa, T., International Law in Post-Colonial Africa (The Hague: Kluwer, 1999)
Maluwa, T., ‘The Peaceful Settlement of Disputes among African States, 1963–1983: Some Conceptual Issues and Practical Trends’, International and Comparative Law Quarterly 38 (1989) 299–320
Maluwa, T., ‘Reimagining African Unity: Some Preliminary Reflections on the Constitutive Act of the African Union’, African Yearbook of International Law 9 (2001) 3–38
Mann, K. and R. Roberts, Law in Colonial Africa (London: Heinmann, 1991)
Mama, A., ‘The Need for Gender Analysis: A Component on the Prospects for Peace, Recovery and Development in the Horn of Africa’, in M. Doornbos et al. (eds.), Beyond Conflict in the Horn (The Hague: Institute of Social Studies, 1992), 72–7
Mamdani, M., ‘The Social Basis of Constitutionalism in Africa’, Journal of Modern African Studies 28(3) (1990) 259–374
Mamdani, M., Social Movements and Constitutionalism in the African Context (Kampala: Centre for Basic Research, 1989)
Marantis, D., ‘Human Rights, Democracy and Development: The European Community Model’, Harvard Human Rights Journal 7 (1994) 1–32
Markakis, J., ‘The Organisation of African Unity: A Progress Report’, Journal of Modern African Studies 4(2) (1966) 135–53
Marks, S., Riddle of All Constitutions. International Law, Democracy and the Critique of Ideology (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000)
Martin, G., ‘International Solidarity and Cooperation Assistance to African Refugees: Burden Sharing or Burden Shifting?’, International Journal of Refugee Law 7(2) (1995) 250–73
Mathews, K., ‘The Organization of African Unity’ in D. Mazzeo (ed.), African Regional Organizations 49–84
Mazrui, A., Africa's International Relations. The Diplomacy of Dependency and Change (London: Heinemann, 1977)
Mazrui, A., ‘The Africa State as a Political Refugee in Institutional Collapse and Human Displacement, International Journal of Refugee Law 21 (Special Issue) (1995) 3–23
Mazrui, A., ‘Comment: Africa: In Search of Self-Pacification’, African Affairs 93 (1994) 39–42
Mazrui, A., ‘Global Africa: From Abolitionists to Reparationists’, African Studies Review 37(3) (1994) 1–18
Mazrui, A., ‘Towards Containing Conflict in Africa: Methods, Mechanisms and Values’, East African Journal of Peace and Human Rights 2 (1995) 81–90
Mazrui, A., Towards a Pax Africana: A Study of Ideology and Ambition (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1967)
Mazzeo, D. (ed.), African Regional Organizations (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press: 1984)
Mbaku, J. M. and J. O. Ihonvbere, Multiparty Democracy and Political Change. Constraints to Democratization in Africa (Aldershot: Ashgate, 1998)
Mbaye, K., ‘Human Rights in Africa’, in K. Vasak and P. Alston (eds.), The International Dimensions of Human Rights (Westport, CT and Paris: Greenwood Press and UNESCO, 1982) 583–90
M'Buyinga, E., Pan Africanism or Neo-Colonialism: The Bankruptcy of the Organization of African Unity (London: Zed Books, 1982)
McCorquodale, R., Self-Determination in International Law (Dartmouth: Ashgate, 2000)
McGoldrick, D., ‘Sustainable Development and Human Rights: An Integrated Conception’, International and Comparative Law Quarterly 45 (1996) 796–835
McKay, S., ‘Gendering Peace Psychology’, Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology 2(2) (1996) 93–107
McKay, S., ‘Women's Voices in Peace Psychology: A Feminist Agenda’, Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology 1(1) (1995) 67–84
McMorrow, M., ‘Global Poverty, Subsistence Rights, and Consequent Obligations for Rich and Poor States’, in E. McCarthy-Arnolds, D. R. Penna and D. J. C. Cruz Sobrepeña (eds.), Africa, Human Rights and the Global System. The Political Economy of Human Rights in a Changing World (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1994) 37–60
Mekenkamp, M., P. van Tongeren and H. van de Veen, Searching for Peace in Africa. An Overview of Conflict Prevention and Management Activities (Utrecht: European Platform for Conflict Prevention and Transformation, 1999)
Melander, G. and P. Nobel, African Refugees and the Law (Uppsala: The Scandinavian Institute of African Studies, 1978)
Meltzer, R. I., ‘International Human Rights and Development: Evolving Conceptions and their Application to Relations between the European Community and the African—Caribbean—Pacific States’, in Welch and Meltzer (eds.), Human Rights and Development 208–25
Meron, T., ‘On the Inadequate Reach of Humanitarian and Human Rights Law in the Need for a New Instrument’, American Journal of International Law 77 (1983) 589
Mertus, J., ‘The State and the Post Cold War Refugee Regime: New Models, New Questions’, International Journal of Refugee Law 10(3) (1998) 321–48
Meyers, B. D., ‘Intraregional Conflict Management by the Organization of African Unity’, International Organisation 28(3) (1974) 345–73
Mikell, G., ‘African Women's Rights in the Context of Systemic Conflict’, American Society of International Law Proceedings 89 (1995) 490–500
Mohammed, B., Africa and Non-Alignment. A Study in the Foreign Relations of New Nations (Kano: Triumph Publishing Company, 1982)
Motala, Z., ‘Human Rights in Africa: A Cultural, Ideological, and Legal Examination’, Hastings International and Comparative Law Review 12 (1989) 373–410
Msekwa, P., ‘The Doctrine of the One-Party State in Relation to Human Rights and the Rule of Law’, in ICJ, Human Rights33–55
Mubako, S. V., ‘Zambia's Single Party Constitution: A Search for Unity and Development’, Zambia Law Journal 5 (1973) 67–85
Murphy, S. D., ‘Democratic Legitimacy and the Recognition of States and Governments’, in Fox and Roth (eds.), Democratic Governance 123–54
Murray, R., The African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights (Oxford: Hart Publishing, 2000)
Murray, R., ‘A Comparison between the African and European Courts of Human Rights’, African Human Rights Law Journal 2(2) (2002) 192–222
Murray, R., ‘Report of the 31st Ordinary Session of the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights', South Africa, May 2002', on file with the author
Murray, R. and M. Evans, Documents of the African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights (Oxford: Hart Publishing, 2001)
Musgrave, T. D., Self-Determination and National Minorities (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997)
Mushkat, M., ‘The African Approach to Some Basic Problems of Modern International Law’, Indian Journal of International Law 7 (1967) 335–68
Mushkat, M., ‘Some Remarks on Factors Influencing the Emergence and Evolution of International Law’, Netherlands International Law Review 7(9) (1961) 341–60
Mutero, J. (ed.), Looking at Peace through Women's Eyes (Nairobi: UNIFEM/AFWIC, 1996)
Mutharika, A. P., ‘The Role of International Law in the Twenty-First Century: An African Perspective’, Fordham International Law Journal 18 (1995) 1706s
wa Mutua, M., ‘The Banjul Charter and the African Cultural Fingerprint: An Evaluation of the Language of Duties’, Virginia Journal of International Law 35 (1995) 339–80
wa Mutua, M., ‘Human Rights and Politics in Africa: Democratizing the Rights Discourse’, East African Journal of Peace and Human Rights 1(2) (1993) 250–5
wa Mutua, M., ‘The Ideology of Human Rights: Toward Post Liberal Democracy?’, in Quashigah and Okafor (eds.), Legitimate Governance 109–64
wa Mutua, M., ‘Putting Humpty Dumpty Back Together Again: The Dilemmas of the Post-Colonial African State’, Brooklyn Journal of International Law 21 (1995) 505–36
wa Mutua, M., ‘Reformulating the Discourse of the Human Rights Movement’, East African Journal of Peace and Human Rights 3(2) (1996) 306–12
Nagan, W. P., ‘The African Human Rights Process: A Contextual Policy-Oriented Approach’, in Cohen et al. (eds.), Human Rights and Governance in Africa 87–110
Naldi, G., Documents of the Organization of African Unity (Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff, 1999)
Naldi, G., The Organization of African Unity (Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff, 1999)
Naldi, G., The Organization of African Unity. An Analysis of its Role, 2nd edn. (London: Mansell, 1999)
Nanda, V. P., ‘Civil War in Liberia: A Re-examination of the Doctrine of Non-intervention’, in E. McCarthy-Arnolds, D. R. Penna and D. J. Cruz Sobrepeña (eds.), Africa, Human Rights, and the Global System. The Political Economy of Human Rights in a Changing World (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1994) 61–80
Nathwani, N., ‘The Purpose of Asylum’, International Journal of Refugee Law 12(3) (2000) 353–79
Ndiaye, B., ‘The Place of Human Rights in the Charter of the Organization of African Unity’, in K. Vasak and P. Alston (eds.), The International Dimensions of Human Rights (Westport, CT and Paris: Greenwood Press and UNESCO, 1982) 601–15
Neff, C. S., ‘Human Rights in Africa: Thoughts on the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights in the Light of Case Law from Botswana, Lesotho and Swaziland', International and Comparative Law Quarterly 33 (1984) 331–47
Neuwahl, N., and A. Rosas (eds.), The European Union and Human Rights (The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1995)
Ngu, A., ‘Inauguration of African Women's Committee on Peace and Development’, Resolving Conflicts: Organization of African Unity Conflict Management Bulletin 2(6) (1998) 29–30
Nhlapo, R. T., ‘International Protection of Human Rights and the Family: African Variations on a Common Theme’, International Journal of the Law and Family 3(2) (1989) 1–20
Niarchos, C., ‘Women, War and Rape: Challenges Facing the International Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia’, Human Rights Quarterly 17 (1995) 659–90
Niemann, M., ‘Regional Integration and the Right to Development in Africa’, in E. McCarthy-Arnolds, D. R. Penna and D. J. Cruz Sobrepeña (eds.), Africa, Human Rights and the Global System. The Political Economy of Human Rights in a Changing World (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1994) 107–30
Nizami, A. (ed.), The Emergence of Africa in International Politics (New Delhi: Mittal, 1993)
Nkrumah, K., ‘United we Stand’, address, Proceedings of the Summit Conference of Independent African States, Addis Ababa, vol. 1, Section 2, Summit CIAS/GEN/INF/36, May 1963
Nmehielle, V., The African Human Rights System: Its Law, Practices and Institutions (The Hague: Kluwer, 2001)
Nobel, P., Refugees and Development in Africa (Uppsala: Scandinavian Institute of African Studies, 1987)
Noll, G. and J. Vedsted-Hansen, ‘Non-Communitarians: Refugee and Asylum Policies’, in Alston (ed.), The European Union and Human Rights 359–410
Northrup, T. A., ‘Personal Security, Political Security: The Relationship among Conceptions of Gender, War and Peace’, Research in Social Movements, Conflict and Change 12 (1990) 267–99
Nwankwo, C., ‘The Organization of African Unity and Human Rights’, Journal of Democracy 4 (1993) 50–4
Nyamu, C. I., ‘Rural Women in Kenya and the Legitimacy of Human Rights Discourse and Institutions’, in Quashigah and Okafor (eds.), Legitimate Governance 263–308
Nyangoni, W. W., Africa in the United Nations System (Cranbury, NJ: Associated University Presses, 1985)
Nyerere, J. K., ‘Democracy and the Party System’, in J. K. Nyerere, Freedom and Unity: A Selection from Writings and Speeches, 1952–1966 (New York: Oxford University Press, 1966)
Nyongo, P. A. and Nyang'oya, J. A., ‘Comprehensive Solutions to Refugee Problems in Africa’, International Journal of Refugee Law (1995) 164–89
Obiozor, G. A. and A. Ajala (eds.), Africa and the United Nations System: The First Fifty Years (Lagos: Nigerian Institute of International Affairs, 1998)
Ocheje, P., ‘Exploring the Legal Dimensions of Political Legitimacy: A “Rights” Approach to Governance in Africa’, in Quashigah and Okafor (eds.), Legitimate Governance 165–205
Okafor, O. C., Redefining Legitimate Statehood: International Law and State Fragmentation in Africa (The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 2000)
Okoth-Obbo, G., ‘The OAU/UNHCR Symposium on Refugees and Forced Displacements in Africa – A Review Article’, International Journal of Refugee Law (special issue, 1995) 274–99
Okoth-Obbo, G., ‘Thirty Years On: A Legal Review of the 1969 Organization of African Unity Refugee Convention’, African Yearbook of International Law 8 (2000) 3–70
Okoth-Ogendo, H. W. O., ‘Governance and Sustainable Development in Africa’, in Ginther et al. (eds.), Sustainable Development 105–10
Okoth-Ogendo, H. W. O., ‘Human and Peoples’ Rights: What Point is Africa Trying to Make?', in Cohen et al. (eds.), Human Rights and Governance in Africa 74–86
Okoth-Ogendo, H. W. O., ‘The Quest for Constitutional Government’, in G. Hyden, D. Olowu and H. W. O. Okoth-Ogendo (eds.), African Perspectives on Governance (Trenton, NJ: Africa World Press, 2000) 33–60
Oloka-Onyango, J., ‘Beyond the Rhetoric: Reinvigorating the Struggle for Economic and Social Rights in Africa’, California West International Law Journal 27 (1997) 32–67
Oloka-Onyango, J., ‘Human Rights, the Organization of African Unity Convention and the Refugee Crisis in Africa: Forty Years After Geneva’, International Journal of Refugee Law 3 (3) (1991) 453–60
Oloka-Onyango, J., ‘Human Rights and Sustainable Development in Contemporary Africa’, Buffalo Human Rights Law Review 6 (2000) 39–50
Oloka-Onyango, J., ‘Human Rights and Sustainable Development in Contemporary Africa: A New Dawn or Retreating Horizons’, Human Development Report 2000 Background Paper (UNDP, 2000), http://www.undp.org/docs/publications/background_papers/Oloka-Onyango2000.html
Oloka-Onyango, J., ‘The Place and Role of the Organization of African Unity Bureau for Refugees in the African Refugee Crisis’, International Journal of Refugee Law 6 (1994) 34–52
Oloka-Onyango, J., ‘The Plight of the Larger Half: Human Rights, Gender Violence and the Legal Status of the Refugee and Internally Displaced Women in Africa’, Denver Journal of International Law 24 (1996) 349–94
Oloka-Onyango, J. and Tamale, S., ‘“The Personal is Political”, or Why Women's Rights are Indeed Human Rights: An African Perspective on International Feminism’, Human Rights Quarterly 17(4) (1995) 691–731
Olsen, G. R., ‘Promoting Democracy, Preventing Conflict: The European Union and Africa’, International Politics 39(3) (2002) 311–28
Olsen, G. R., ‘Western Europe's Relations with Africa since the End of the Cold War’, Journal of Modern African Studies 35(2) (1997) 299–319
O'Neill, W., ‘Conflict in West Africa: Dealing with Exclusion and Separation’, International Journal of Refugee Law 12(1) (2000) 171–94
O'Neill, W., Rutinwa, B. and Verdirame, G., ‘The Great Lakes: A Survey of the Application of the Exclusion Clauses in the Central African Republic, Kenya and Tanzania’, International Journal of Refugee Law 12(1) (2000) 135–70
Organization of African Unity/United Nations High Commission for Refugees, ‘The Addis Ababa Symposium 1994’, International Journal of Refugee Law (1995)
Orwa, D. K., ‘The Search for African Unity’, in J. C. B. O. Ojo, D. K. Orwa and C. M. B. Utete (eds.), African International Relations (London: Longman, 1985), chapter 5
Owusu, M., ‘Democracy and Africa – A View from the Village’, Journal of Modern African Studies 30(3) (1992) 369–96
Perluss, D. and Hartman, J., ‘Temporary Refuge: Emergence of a Customary Norm’, Virginia Journal of International Law 26 (1986) 488–503
Peter, C. M., Human Rights in Africa. A Comparative Study of the African Human and Peoples' Rights Charter and the New Tanzanian Bill of Rights (New York: Greenwood Press, 1990)
Peter, C. M., ‘The Proposed African Court of Justice – Jurisprudential, Procedural, Enforcement Problems and Beyond’, East African Journal of Peace and Human Rights 1 (1993) 117–36
Petersmann, E.-U., ‘Human Rights and International Economic Law in the 21st Century’, Journal of International Economic Law 4(1) (2001) 3–25
Pogge, T., ‘Creating Supra-National Institutions Democratically: Reflections on the European Union's “Democratic Deficit”’, Journal of Political Philosophy 5(2) (1997) 3–25
Polemus, J. H., ‘The Provisional Secretariat of the Organization of African Unity, 1963–4’, Journal of Modern African Studies 12(2) (1974) 287–95
Pomerance, N., Self-Determination in Law and Practice. The New Doctrine of the United Nations (Leiden: Brill, 1982)
Quashigah, E. K., ‘Legitimate Governance in Africa: The Responsibility of the International Community’, in Quashigah and Okafor (eds.), Legitimate Governance in Africa 461–85
Quashigah, E. K., ‘Protection of Human Rights in the Changing International Scene: Prospects in Sub-Saharan Africa’, African Journal of International and Comparative Law 6 (1994) 93–114
Quashigah, E. K. and O. C. Okafor, ‘Legitimate Governance in Africa – International and Domestic Legal Perspectives: An Introduction’, in Quashigah and Okafor (eds.), Legitimate Governance 3–19
Quashigah, E. K. and O. C. Ofakor (eds.), Legitimate Governance in Africa: International and Domestic Legal Perspectives (The Hague: Kluwer Law, 1999)
Quigley, J., ‘Mass Displacement and the Individual Right of Return’, British Yearbook of International Law 68 (1997) 65–125
Ratner, S. R., ‘Drawing a Better Line: Uti Possidetis and the Borders of New States’, American Journal of International Law 90 (1996) 590–621
Rich, R., ‘The Right to Development: A Right of Peoples?’, in Crawford (ed.), The Right of Peoples 17–38
Roberts-Wray, K. O., Commonwealth and Colonial Law (London: Stevens & Sons, 1966)
Rogge, J. R. and Akol, J. O., ‘Repatriation: Its Role in Resolving Africa's Refugee Dilemma’, International Migration Review 23(2) (1989) 184–200
Rothchild, D. and M. Chazan, The Precarious Balance. State and Society in Africa (Boulder: Westview Press, 1988)
Russell, M. and Cinneide, C.O', ‘Positive Action to Promote Women in Politics. Some European Comparisons’, International and Comparative Law Quarterly 52 (2003) 587–614
Rutinwa, B., ‘The End of Asylum? The Changing Nature of Refugee Policies in Africa’, Working Paper No. 5, New Issues in Refugee Research (New York: United Nations High Commission for Refugees, 1999), www.unhcr.ch
Rutinwa, N., ‘Refugee Protection through the Rule of Law in Africa: Problems and Prospects’, Commonwealth Judicial Journal 12(3) (1998) 10–20
Rwelamira, M., ‘1989 – The Anniversary Year: The 1969 Organization of African Unity Convention on the Specific Aspects of Refugee Problems in Africa’, International Journal of Refugee Law 1 (1989) 557–61
Rwezaura, B., ‘The Concept of the Child's Best Interests in the Changing Economic and Social Context of Sub-Saharan Africa’, International Journal of the Law and Family 8 (1994) 82–116
Sagay, I., International Law and the Struggle for the Freedom of Man in Africa (Ife: Ife University Press, 1983)
Sandbrook, R., Democratization and Development in Africa (London: Zed Books, 2000)
Sands, P., ‘International Law in the Field of Sustainable Development’, British Yearbook of International Law 65 (1994) 303–81
Sands, P. and P. Klein, Bowett's Law of International Institutions, 5th edn. (London: Sweet & Maxwell, 2001)
Sano, H.-O., ‘Development and Human Rights: The Necessary, but Partial Integration of Human Rights and Development’, Human Rights Quarterly 22 (2000) 734–52
Schmidt, P. R., ‘African Configurations in the Right to a Cultural Heritage’, East African Journal of Peace and Human Rights 2(1) (1995) 41–52
Schmitter, P. C., How to Democratize the European Union … And Why Bother? (Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield, 2000)
Schnably, S., ‘Constitutionalism and Democratic Government in the Inter-American System’, in Fox and Roth (eds.), Democratic Governance 155–98
Schultheis, M. J., ‘Refugees in Africa: The Geopolitics of Forced Displacement’, African Studies Review 32(1) (1989) 3–29
Scoble, H., ‘Human Rights Non-Governmental Organizations in Black Africa: Their Problems and Prospects in the Wake of the Banjul Charter’, in Welch and Meltzer (eds.), Human Rights 177–203
Scott-Thompson, W. and Bissell, R., ‘Legitimacy and Authority in the Organization of African Unity’, African Studies Review 15(1) (1972) 17–42
Sen, A., Development as Freedom (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000)
Sesay, A., O. Ojo and O. Fasehun, The Organization of African Unity After Twenty Years (Boulder: Westview Press, 1984)
Shaw, M., ‘International Law and Intervention in Africa’, International Relations 8 (1984) 341–67
Shaw, M., Title to Territory in Africa. International Legal Issues (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1986)
Shelton, D., ‘Representative Democracy and Human Rights in the Western Hemisphere’, Human Rights Law Journal 12 (1991) 353–9
Shepherd Jr., G. W. and M. O. C. Anikpo, Emerging Human Rights. The African Political Economy Context (New York: Greenwood Press, 1990)
Sherlock, A., ‘Deportation of Aliens and Article 8 European Convention on Human Rights’, European Law Review 23 (1998) 62–75
Shihata, I. F. L., ‘The Attitude of New States towards the International Court of Justice’, International Organization 19(2) (1965) 203–22
Shivji, I. G., The Concept of Human Rights in Africa (London: CODRESIA Book Series, 1989)
Sikkink, K., ‘The Power of Principled Ideas: Human Rights Policies in the United States and Europe’, in J. Goldstein and R. Keohane (eds.), Ideas and Foreign Policy: Beliefs, Institutions and Political Change (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1995)
Smock, D. R. and A. Crocker, African Conflict Resolution (New York: US Institute of Peace Press, 1995)
Soderbaum, F., Handbook of Regional Organisations in Africa (Oslo: Nordic Africa Institute, 1996)
Sohn, L. B., Basic Documents of African Regional Organisations (Westport, CT: Oceana Publications, 1988)
Solf, W., ‘Human Rights in Armed Conflict: Some Observations on the Relationship between Human Rights Law and the Law of Armed Conflict’, in H. Han (ed.), World in Transition: Challenges to Human Rights, Development and World Order (Washington, DC: University Press of America, 1979) 41–53
Spencer, J. H., ‘Africa at the UN: Some Observations’, International Organization 16(2) (1962) 375–86
Stein, B. N., ‘Durable Solutions for Developing Country Refugees’, International Migration Review 20(2) (1986) 264–82
Stiehm, J. H., ‘Men and Women and Peacekeeping: A Research Note’, International Peacekeeping 2(4) (1995) 564–9
Stoltenberg, T., ‘Refugees and Human Rights’, International Journal of Refugee Law 2(2) (1998) 274–8
Storey, H. and Wallace, R., ‘War and Peace in Refugee Law Jurisprudence’, American Journal of International Law 95(2) (2001) 349–66
Takahashi, S.Recourse to Human Rights Treaty Bodies for Monitoring of the Refugee Convention’, Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights 20(1) (2002) 53–74
Tandon, Y., ‘Peace-Keeping: A Third World Perspective’, in Nizami (ed.), Emergence of Africa 60–81
Tamale, S., ‘Towards Legitimate Governance in Africa: The Case of Affirmative Action and Parliamentary Politics in Uganda’, in Quashigah and Okafor (eds.), Legitimate Governance 235–62
Theodoropoulos, C. (ed.), Human Rights in Europe and Africa: A Comparative Analysis (Athens: Hellenic University Press, 1992)
Thompson, B., ‘Africa's Charter on Children's Rights: A Normative Break with Cultural Traditionalism’, International and Comparative Law Quarterly 41 (1992) 432–45
Tolentino, A. S., ‘Good Governance through Popular Participation in Sustainable Development’, in Ginther et al. (eds.), Sustainable Development and Good Governance 137–49
Tomasevski, K., Between Sanctions and Elections: Aid Donors and their Human Rights Performance (London: Continuum International Publishing Group, 1997)
Tomasevski, K., Human Rights Violations and Development Aid: From Politics towards Policy (London: Commonwealth Secretariat, 1990)
Tomuschat, C., Modern Law of Self-Determination (Leiden: Brill, 1993)
Tordoff, W., Government and Politics in Africa, 3rd edn. (Basingstoke: Macmillan Press, 1997)
Touval, S., ‘The Organization of African Unity and African Borders’, International Organization 11(1) (1967) 102–27
Udechuku, E. C., African Unity and International Law (London: African Press, 1974)
Udogu, E. I., Democracy and Democratization in Africa: Towards the 21st Century (New York: Brill, 1997)
Udombana, N. J., ‘The Third World and the Right to Development: Agenda for the Next Millennium’, Human Rights Quarterly 22 (2000) 753–87
Umozurike, U. O., ‘The African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights', American Journal of International Law 77 (1983) 902–112
Umozurike, U. O., The African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights (The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1998)
Umozurike, U. O., International Law and Colonialism in Africa (Enugu, Nigeria: Nwamife Publishers, 1979)
Umozurike, U. O., Self-Determination in International Law (Hamden: Archon, 1972)
UNDP, ‘Deepening Democracy in a Fragmented World’, Human Development Report (New York: UNDP, 2002)
United Nations, ‘Women in Power and Decision-Making. Regional Preparatory Meeting on 2000 Review of Implementation of the Beijing Platform for Action, 19–21 January 2000’, paper prepared for the Economic Commission for Europe, J. Lovenduski and J. Regulska, IPU/FEM/EUR/2000.2
United Nations Office at Vienna Centre for Social Development and Humanitarian Affairs, Women in Politics and Decision-Making in the Late Twentieth Century (Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff, 1992)
Viljoen, F., ‘The Realisation of Human Rights in Africa through Inter-Governmental Institutions’ (LLD thesis, University of Pretoria, 1997)
Viljoen, F., ‘The Realisation of Human Rights in Africa through Sub-Regional Institutions’, African Yearbook of International Law 7 (1999) 185–214
Viljoen, F., ‘Why South Africa Should Ratify the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child’, South African Law Journal 11(6)(1999) 660–4
Wali, S., ‘Women in Conditions of War and Peace: Challenges and Dilemmas’, in M. Schuler (ed.), From Basic Needs to Basic Rights: Women's Claim to Human Rights (Washington, DC: Institute for Women, Law and Development, 1995)
Wallerstein, I., ‘The Decline of the Party in Single-Party African States’, in J. Palambara and M. Weiner (eds.), Political Parties and Political Development (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1966) 201–14
Wallerstein, I., ‘The Role of the Organization of African Unity in Contemporary African Politics’, in El-Ayouty and Brooks (eds.), Africa 18–28
van Walraven, K., Dreams of Power. The Role of the Organization of African Unity in the Politics of Africa 1963–1993 (Aldershot: Ashgate, 1999)
Wanda, B. P., ‘The One-Party State and the Protection of Human Rights in Africa with Particular Reference to Political Rights’, African Journal of International and Comparative Law 3(4) (1991) 756–70
Wani, I. J., ‘The Rule of Law and Economic Development in Africa’, East African Journal of Peace and Human Rights 1 (1993) 52–79
Weinstein, W., ‘Africa's Approach to Human Rights at the United Nations’, Issue 6(4) (1976) 14–21
Weiss, P., ‘The Convention of the Organization of African Unity Governing Specific Aspects of Refugee Problems in Africa’, Human Rights Journal 3(3) (1970) 449–61
Welch, C. E., ‘The African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights: A Five-Year Report and Assessment', Human Rights Quarterly 14 (1992) 43–61
Welch, C. E., ‘Continuity and Discontinuity in African Military Organisation’, Journal of Modern African Studies 12 (1975) 224–45
Welch, C. E., ‘Human Rights and African Women: A Comparison of Protection under Two Major Treaties’, Human Rights Quarterly 15 (1993) 549–74
Welch, C. E., ‘The Organization of African Unity and Human Rights: Towards a New Definition’, Journal of Modern African Studies 19(3) (1981) 401–20
Welch, C. E., Protecting Human Rights in Africa: Strategies and Roles of Non-Governmental Organizations (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1995)
Welch, C. E. and R. I. Meltzer (eds.), Human Rights and Development in Africa (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1984)
Weller, M., Regional Peacekeeping and International Enforcement: The Liberian Crisis (Cambridge: Grotius, 1994)
Wembou, M.-C. D., ‘The Organization of African Unity and International Law’, in El-Ayouty (ed.), Organization of African Unity after Thirty Years 15–26
West, H. G. and K. W. Thompson, Conflict and its Resolution in Contemporary Africa (Lanham: University Press of America, 1997)
Wheatley, S., ‘Democracy and International Law: A European Perspective’, International and Comparative Law Quarterly 51 (2002) 225–47
Wilkins, G. L., African Influence in the United Nations 1967–1975. The Politics and Techniques of Gaining Compliance to UN Principles and Resolutions (Washington, DC: University Press of America, 1981)
Wilson, H. S., African Decolonization (London: Edward Arnold, 1994)
Wolfers, M., Politics in the Organization of African Unity (London: Metheun & Co. Ltd., 1976)
Wunsch, J. S. and D. Olowu, The Failure of the Centralized State. Institutions and Self-Governance in Africa (San Francisco: Westview Press, 1990)
Young, C., The African Colonial State in Comparative Perspective (New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1994)
Zarsky L. (ed.), Human Rights and the Environment. Conflicts and Norms in a Globalizing World (London: Earthscan Publications, 2002)
Zartman, I. W., International Relations in the New Africa (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1966)

Metrics

Altmetric attention score

Full text views

Total number of HTML views: 0
Total number of PDF views: 0 *
Loading metrics...

Book summary page views

Total views: 0 *
Loading metrics...

* Views captured on Cambridge Core between #date#. This data will be updated every 24 hours.

Usage data cannot currently be displayed.