Section I - Introduction
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 28 December 2017
Summary
A summary is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Mental Disorders Around the WorldFacts and Figures from the World Mental Health Surveys, pp. 1 - 40Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2018
References
References
Alonso, J., Chatterji, S., He, Y. (eds) (2013) The Burdens of Mental Disorders: Global Perspectives from the WHO World Mental Health Surveys. Cambridge University Press, New York.Google Scholar
Kessler, R.C., Üstün, T.B. (eds) (2008) The WHO World Mental Health Surveys: Global Perspectives on the Epidemiology of Mental Disorders. Cambridge University Press, New York.Google Scholar
Nock, M.K., Borges, G., Ono, Y. (eds) (2012) Suicide: Global Perspectives from the WHO World Mental Health Surveys. Cambridge University Press, New York.Google Scholar
Von Korff, M., Scott, K.M., Gureje, O. (eds) (2009) Global Perspectives on Mental–Physical Comorbidity in the WHO World Mental Health Surveys. Cambridge University Press, New York.Google Scholar
References
Becker, A.E. and Kleinman, A. (2013). Mental health and the global agenda. New England Journal of Medicine, 369, 1380–1.Google Scholar
Cooper, J.E., Kendell, R.E., Gurland, B.J., et al. (1969). Cross-national study of diagnosis of the mental disorders: some results from the first comparative investigation. American Journal of Psychiatry, 10 Suppl, 21–9.Google ScholarPubMed
Cuthbert, B. and Insel, T. (2010). The data of diagnosis: new approaches to psychiatric classification. Psychiatry, 73, 311–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dohrenwend, B.P. and Dohrenwend, B.S. (1982). Perspectives on the past and future of psychiatric epidemiology. The 1981 Rema Lapouse Lecture. American Journal of Public Health, 72, 1271–9.Google Scholar
Frances, A.J., Widiger, T.A., and Pincus, H.A. (1989). The development of DSM-IV. Archives of General Psychiatry, 46, 373–5.Google Scholar
GBD Collaborators, Murray, C.J., Barber, R.M., et al. (2015). Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 306 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 188 countries, 1990–2013: quantifying the epidemiological transition. Lancet, 386, 2145–91.Google Scholar
Goodwin, R.D. and Gorman, J.M. (2002). Psychopharmacologic treatment of generalized anxiety disorder and the risk of major depression. American Journal of Psychiatry, 159, 1935–7.Google Scholar
Hasin, D.S. and Grant, B.F. (2015). The National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC) Waves 1 and 2: review and summary of findings. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 50, 1609–40.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hyman, S.E. (2010). The diagnosis of mental disorders: the problem of reification. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 6, 155–79.Google Scholar
Insel, T., Cuthbert, B., Garvey, M., et al. (2010). Research domain criteria (RDoC): toward a new classification framework for research on mental disorders. American Journal of Psychiatry, 167, 748–51.Google Scholar
Karam, E.G., Andrews, G., Bromet, E., et al. (2010). The role of criterion A2 in the DSM-IV diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder. Biological Psychiatry, 68, 465–73.Google Scholar
Kendler, K.S. (2009). An historical framework for psychiatric nosology. Psychological Medicine, 39, 1935–41.Google Scholar
Kendler, K.S. (2016). The phenomenology of major depression and the representativeness and nature of DSM criteria. American Journal of Psychiatry, 173, 771–80.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kendler, K.S. and First, M.B. (2010). Alternative futures for the DSM revision process: iteration v. paradigm shift. British Journal of Psychiatry, 197, 263–5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kendler, K.S., Munoz, R.A., and Murphy, G. (2010). The development of the Feighner criteria: a historical perspective. American Journal of Psychiatry, 167, 134–42.Google Scholar
Kessler, R.C. (2000a). The epidemiology of pure and comorbid generalized anxiety disorder: a review and evaluation of recent research. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica Supplementum, 7–13.Google Scholar
Kessler, R.C. (2000b). Psychiatric epidemiology: selected recent advances and future directions. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 78, 464–74.Google ScholarPubMed
Kessler, R.C., Andrade, L.H., Bijl, R.V., et al. (2002). The effects of co-morbidity on the onset and persistence of generalized anxiety disorder in the ICPE surveys. International Consortium in Psychiatric Epidemiology. Psychological Medicine, 32, 1213–25.Google Scholar
Kessler, R.C., Ruscio, A.M., Shear, K., et al. (2010). Epidemiology of anxiety disorders. Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences, 2, 21–35.Google Scholar
Kessler, R.C. and Üstün, T.B. (2004). The World Mental Health (WMH) Survey Initiative Version of the World Health Organization (WHO) Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research, 13, 93–121.Google Scholar
Kupfer, D.J. and Regier, D.A. (2011). Neuroscience, clinical evidence, and the future of psychiatric classification in DSM-5. American Journal of Psychiatry, 168, 672–4.Google Scholar
Lee, S., Tsang, A., Ruscio, A.M., et al. (2009). Implications of modifying the duration requirement of generalized anxiety disorder in developed and developing countries. Psychological Medicine, 39, 1163–76.Google Scholar
Maj, M. (2005). “Psychiatric comorbidity”: an artefact of current diagnostic systems? British Journal of Psychiatry, 186, 182–4.Google Scholar
McLaughlin, K.A., Koenen, K.C., Friedman, M.J., et al. (2015). Subthreshold posttraumatic stress disorder in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys. Biological Psychiatry, 77, 375–84.Google Scholar
Moynihan, R., Heath, I., and Henry, D. (2002). Selling sickness: the pharmaceutical industry and disease mongering. British Medical Journal, 324, 886–91.Google Scholar
Patel, V. (2012). Global mental health: from science to action. Harvard Review of Psychiatry, 20, 6–12.Google Scholar
Prince, M., Patel, V., Saxena, S., et al. (2007). No health without mental health. Lancet, 370, 859–77.Google Scholar
Reed, G.M. and Ayuso-Mateos, J.L. (2011). Towards a more clinically useful International World Health Organisation classification of mental disorders. Revista Psiquiatria Salud Mental, 4, 113–6.Google Scholar
Regier, D.A., Kuhl, E.A., and Kupfer, D.J. (2013). The DSM-5: classification and criteria changes. Official Journal of the World Psychiatric Association, 12, 92–8.Google ScholarPubMed
Robins, L.N., Helzer, J.E., Weissman, M.M., et al. (1984). Lifetime prevalence of specific psychiatric disorders in three sites. Archives of General Psychiatry, 41, 949–58.Google Scholar
Ruscio, A.M., Chiu, W.T., Roy-Byrne, P., et al. (2007). Broadening the definition of generalized anxiety disorder: effects on prevalence and associations with other disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 21, 662–76.Google Scholar
Schlenger, W.E., Kulka, R.A., Fairbank, J.A., et al. (2007). The psychological risks of Vietnam: the NVVRS perspective. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 20, 467–79.Google Scholar
Spitzer, R.L., Williams, J.B., and Skodol, A.E. (1980). DSM-III: the major achievements and an overview. American Journal of Psychiatry, 137, 151–64.Google Scholar
Stein, D.J. (2014). An integrative approach to psychiatric diagnosis and research. World Psychiatry, 13, 51–3.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stein, D.J. (2015). Disorder versus deviance: where to draw the boundary? Philosophy, Psychiatry and Psychology, 21, 262–5.Google Scholar
Stein, D.J., Koenen, K.C., Friedman, M.J., et al. (2013). Dissociation in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: evidence from the World Mental Health Surveys. Biological Psychiatry, 73, 302–12.Google Scholar
Stein, D.J. and Nesse, R.M. (2011). Threat detection, precautionary responses, and anxiety disorders. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 35, 1075–9.Google Scholar
Stein, D.J. and Phillips, K.A. (2013). Patient advocacy and DSM-5. BMC Medicine, 11, 133.Google Scholar
Stein, D.J., Ruscio, A.M., Lee, S., et al. (2010). Subtyping social anxiety disorder in developed and developing countries. Depression and Anxiety, 27, 390–403.Google Scholar
Stein, D.J., Wessels, C., Zungu-Dirwayi, N., et al. (2001). Value and effectiveness of consumer advocacy groups: a survey of the anxiety disorders support group in South Africa. Depression and Anxiety, 13, 105–7.Google Scholar
Summerfield, D. (2012). Afterword: against “global mental health”. Transcultural Psychiatry, 49, 519–30.Google Scholar
Weich, S. and Araya, R. (2004). International and regional variation in the prevalence of common mental disorders: do we need more surveys? British Journal of Psychiatry, 184, 289–90.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Weissman, M.M., Bland, R.C., Canino, G.J., et al. (1994). The cross national epidemiology of obsessive compulsive disorder. The Cross National Collaborative Group. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 55 Suppl, 5–10.Google Scholar
Weissman, M.M., Bland, R.C., Canino, G.J., (1996). The cross-national epidemiology of social phobia: a preliminary report. International Clinical Psychopharmacology, 11 Suppl 3, 9–14.Google Scholar
Weissman, M.M., Myers, J.K., and Harding, P.S. (1978). Psychiatric disorders in a U.S. urban community: 1975–1976. American Journal of Psychiatry, 135, 459–62.Google Scholar
WHO International Consortium in Psychiatric Epidemiology (2000). Cross-national comparisons of the prevalences and correlates of mental disorders. WHO International Consortium in Psychiatric Epidemiology. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 78, 413–26.Google Scholar
References
Andrade, L. H., Alonso, J., Mneimneh, Z., et al. (2014). Barriers to mental health treatment: results from the WHO World Mental Health surveys. Psychological Medicine 44, 1303–17.Google Scholar
Alonso, J., Angermeyer, M. C., Bernert, S., et al. (2004). Sampling and methods of the European Study of the Epidemiology of Mental Disorders (ESEMeD) project. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica Supplement 109, 8–20.Google Scholar
Alonso, J., Chatterji, S., & He, Y. (2013) (eds.) The Burdens of Mental Disorders: Global Perspectives From the WHO World Mental Health Surveys. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
American Association for Public Opinion Research, (2000). Standard definitions: final dispositions of case codes and outcome rates for surveys. www.aapor.org. Accessed 17 April 2011.Google Scholar
Belli, R. F. (1988). Color blend retrievals: compromise memories or deliberate compromise responses? Memory and Cognition 16, 314–26.Google Scholar
Belli, R. F. (1998). The structure of autobiographical memory and the event history calendar: potential improvements in the quality of retrospective reports in surveys. Memory 6, 383–406.Google Scholar
Bertani, A., Perna, G., Migliarese, G., et al. (2004). Comparison of the treatment with paroxetine and reboxetine in panic disorder: a randomized, single-blind study. Pharmacopsychiatry 37, 206–10.Google Scholar
Biemer, P., & Lyberg, L. (2003). Introduction to Survey Quality. New York: John Wiley & Sons.Google Scholar
Billiet, J., & Loosveldt, G. (1988). Interviewer training and quality of responses. Public Opinion Quarterly 52, 190–211.Google Scholar
Borges, G., Angst, J., Nock, M. K., Ruscio, A. M., & Kessler, R. C. (2008). Risk factors for the incidence and persistence of suicide-related outcomes: a 10-year follow-up study using the National Comorbidity Surveys. Journal of Affective Disorders 105, 25–33.Google Scholar
Brewer, W. F. (1986). What is autobiographical memory? In Rubin, D. C., ed., Autobiographical Memory. New York: Cambridge University Press, pp. 25–49.Google Scholar
Bulmer, M. (1998). The problem of exporting social survey research. American Behavioral Scientist 42, 153–67.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cannell, C. F., Fowler, F. J., & Marquis, K. H. (1968). The influence of interviewer and respondent psychological and behavioral variables on the reporting in household interviews. Vital and Health Statistics 2, 1–65.Google Scholar
Cannell, C. F., Miller, P. V., & Oksenberg, L. (1981). Research on interviewing techniques. In Leinhardt, S., ed., Sociological Methodology. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass Publishers, pp. 389–487.Google Scholar
Centers, R. (1963). A laboratory adaptation of the conversational procedure for the conditioning of verbal operants. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 67, 334–9.Google Scholar
Charlson, F. J., Baxter, A. J., Dua, T., et al. (2016). Excess mortality from mental, neurological, and substance use disorders in the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. In Patel, V., Chisholm, D., Dua, T., Laxminarayan, R., & Medina-Mora, M. E., eds., Mental, Neurological, and Substance Use Disorders: Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 4). Washington, DC: The World Bank Publications, pp. 41–66.Google Scholar
Cheng, A. T. (2001). Case definition and culture: are people all the same? British Journal of Psychiatry 179, 1–3.Google Scholar
Clark, H. H., & Schober, M. F. (1992). Asking questions and influencing answers. In Tanur, J. M., ed., Questions about Questions: Inquiries into the Cognitive Bases of Surveys. New York: Russell Sage Foundation, pp. 15–48.Google Scholar
Converse, J., & Presser, S. (1986). Survey Questions: Handcrafting the Standardized Questionnaire, Sage Series No. 63. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.Google Scholar
Connor, K. M., & Davidson, J. R. T. (2001). SPRINT: a brief global assessment of post-traumatic stress disorder. International Clinical Psychopharmacology 16, 279–84.Google Scholar
Couper, M. P., & de Leeuw, E. D. (2003). Nonresponse in cross-cultural and cross-national surveys. In Harkness, J. A., Van de Vijver, F. J. R., & Mohler, P. P., eds., Cross-Cultural Survey Methods. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, pp. 155–77.Google Scholar
Davidson, J. R., Bose, A., Korotzer, A., & Zheng, H. (2004). Escitalopram in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder: double-blind, placebo controlled, flexible-dose study. Depression and Anxiety 19, 234–40.Google Scholar
Duckers, M. L., Alisic, E., & Brewin, C. R. (2016). A vulnerability paradox in the cross-national prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder. British Journal of Psychiatry 209, 300–5.Google Scholar
Efron, B. (1988). Logistic regression, survival analysis, and the Kaplan-Meier curve. Journal of the American Statistical Association 83, 414–25.Google Scholar
Fowler, F., & Mangione, T. (1990). Standardized Survey Interviewing: Minimizing Interviewer-Related Error. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications, Inc.Google Scholar
Frank, E. ed. (2002). Gender and Its Effects on Psychopathology. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.Google Scholar
Gilman, S. (1988). Disease and Depresentation: Images of Illness from Madness to AIDS. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Giuffra, L. A., & Risch, N. (1994). Diminished recall and the cohort effect of major depression: a simulation study. Psychological Medicine 24, 375–83.Google Scholar
Groves, R. M., Fowler, F. J., Couper, M. P., et al. (2004). Survey Methodology. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.Google Scholar
Halli, S. S., Rao, K. V., & Halli, S. S. (1992). Advanced Techniques of Population Analysis. New York: Plenum.Google Scholar
Hambrick, J. P., Turk, C. L., Heimberg, R. G., Schneier, F. R., & Liebowitz, M.R. (2004). Psychometric properties of disability measures among patients with social anxiety disorder. Journal of Anxiety Disorders 18, 825–39.Google Scholar
Harkness, J. A., Pennell, B. E., & Schoua-Glusberg, A. (2004). Survey questionnaire translation and assessment. In Presser, S., Rothgeb, J., Couper, M. P., et al., eds., Methods for Testing and Evaluating Survey Questionnaires. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, pp. 453–74.Google Scholar
Harkness, J., Pennell, B. E., Villar, A., et al. (2008). Translation procedures and translation assessment in the World Mental Health Survey Initiative. In Kessler, R. C., & Üstün, T. B., eds., The WHO World Mental Health Surveys: Global Perspectives on the Epidemiology of Mental Disorders. New York: Cambridge University Press, pp. 91–113.Google Scholar
Harkness, J. A., Van de Vijver, J. R., & Mohler, P. P. (2002). Cross-Cultural Survey Methods. New York: John Wiley & Sons.Google Scholar
Haro, J. M., Arbabzadeh-Bouchez, S., Brugha, T. S., et al. (2006). Concordance of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview Version 3.0 (CIDI 3.0) with standardized clinical assessments in the WHO World Mental Health Surveys. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research 15, 167–80.Google Scholar
Heath, A., Fisher, S., & Smith, S. (2005). The globalization of public opinion research. Annual Review of Political Science 8, 297–333.Google Scholar
Horberg, N., Kouros, I., Ekselius, L., & Ramklint, M. (2016). The Swedish version of the Sheehan Disability Scale-a valid and brief measure of functioning. European Journal for Person Centered Healthcare 4, 208–14.Google Scholar
Hudson, J. I., Perahia, D. G., Gilaberte, I., et al. (2007). Duloxetine in the treatment of major depressive disorder: an open-label study. BMC Psychiatry 7, 43.Google Scholar
Jobe, J. B., White, A. A., Kelley, C. L., et al. (1990). Recall strategies and memory for health-care visits. Milbank Quarterly 68, 171–89.Google Scholar
Jowell, R. (1998). How comparative is comparative research? American Behavioral Scientist 42, 168–77.Google Scholar
Kessler, R. C. (1999). The World Health Organization International Consortium in Psychiatric Epidemiology (ICPE): initial work and future directions – the NAPE Lecture 1998. Nordic Association for Psychiatric Epidemiology. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 99, 2–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kessler, R. C., Aguilar-Gaxiola, S., Alonso, J., et al. (2008). Lifetime prevalence and age of onset distributions of mental disorders in the World Mental Health Survey Initiative. In Kessler, R. C. & Üstün, T. B., eds., The WHO World Mental Health Surveys: Global Perspectives on the Epidemiology of Mental Disorders. New York: Cambridge University Press, pp. 511–21.Google Scholar
Kessler, R. C., Amminger, G. P., Aguilar-Gaxiola, S., et al. (2007a). Age of onset of mental disorders: a review of recent literature. Current Opinion in Psychiatry 20, 359–64.Google Scholar
Kessler, R. C., Angermeyer, M., Anthony, J. C., et al. (2007b). Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of mental disorders in the World Health Organization's World Mental Health Survey Initiative. World Psychiatry 6, 168–76.Google Scholar
Kessler, R. C., Berglund, P., Chiu, W. T., et al. (2004). The US National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R): design and field procedures. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research 13, 69–92.Google Scholar
Kessler, R. C., Mroczek, D. K., & Belli, R. F. (1999). Retrospective adult assessment of childhood psychopathology. In Shaffer, D., Lucas, C. P., & Richters, J. E., eds., Diagnostic Assessment in Child and Adolescent Psychopathology. New York: Guilford Press, pp. 256–84.Google Scholar
Kessler, R. C., Ormel, J., Petukhova, M., et al. (2011). Development of lifetime comorbidity in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys. Archives of General Psychiatry 68, 90–100.Google Scholar
Kessler, R. C., & Üstün, T. B. (2004). The World Mental Health (WMH) Survey Initiative version of the World Health Organization (WHO) Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research 13, 93–121.Google Scholar
Kessler, R. C., & Üstün, T. B. (2008). The World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview. In Kessler, R. C. & Üstün, T. B., , eds., The WHO World Mental Health Surveys: Global Perspectives on the Epidemiology of Mental Disorders. New York: Cambridge University Press, pp. 58–90.Google Scholar
Kessler, R. C., Wittchen, H. U., Abelson, J. M., et al. (1998). Methodological studies of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) in the US National Comorbidity Survey. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research 7, 33–55.Google Scholar
Kessler, R. C., Wittchen, H. U., Abelson, J. M., & Zhao, S. (2000). Methodological issues in assessing psychiatric disorder with self-reports. In Stone, A. A., Turrkan, J. S., Bachrach, C. A., et al., eds., The Science of Self-Report: Implications for Research and Practice. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, pp. 229–55.Google Scholar
Kish, L. (1949). A procedure for objective respondent selection within the household. Journal of the American Statistical Association 44, 380–7.Google Scholar
Knäuper, B., Cannell, C. F., Schwarz, N., Bruce, M. L., & Kessler, R. C. (1999). Improving accuracy of major depression age-of-onset reports in the US National Comorbidity Survey. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research 8, 39–48.Google Scholar
Kuechler, M. (1998). The survey method: an indispensable tool for social science research everywhere? American Behavioral Scientist 42, 178–200.Google Scholar
Lavrakas, P. J. (1993). Telephone Survey Methods: Sampling, Selection, and Supervision. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.Google Scholar
Lee, E. T., & Go, O. T. (1997). Survival analysis in public health research. Annual Review of Public Health 18, 105–34.Google Scholar
Leon, A. C., Olfson, M., Portera, L., Farber, L., & Sheehan, D. V. (1997). Assessing psychiatric impairment in primary care with the Sheehan Disability Scale. The International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine 27, 93–105.Google Scholar
Leu, S. H., Chou, J. Y., Lee, P. C., et al. (2015). Validity and reliability of the Chinese version of the Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS-C). Asia-Pacific Psychiatry 7, 215–22.Google Scholar
Leventhal, H., Nerenz, D., & Steele, D. J. (1984). Illness representations and coping with health threats. In Baum, A., Taylor, S. E., & Singer, J. E., eds., Handbook of Psychology and Health. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum Associates, pp. 219–52.Google Scholar
Little, R. J. A., & Rubin, D. B. (2002). Statistical Analysis with Missing Data, Second Edition. New York: John Wiley & Sons.Google Scholar
Lynn, P. (2001). Developing quality standards for cross-national survey research: five approaches. International Journal of Social Research Methodology 6, 323–36.Google Scholar
Markus, H., & Zajonc, R. B. (1985). The cognitive perspective in social psychology. In Lindzey, G. & Aronson, E., eds., The Handbook of Social Psychology. New York: Random House, pp. 137–230.Google Scholar
Marquis, K. H., & Cannell, C. F. (1969). A Study of Interviewer–Respondent Interaction in the Urban Employment. Ann Arbor, MI: Survey Research Center, University of Michigan.Google Scholar
McLaughlin, K. A., Green, J., Gruber, M. J., et al. (2010). Childhood adversities and adult psychiatric disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication II: associations with persistence of DSM-IV disorders. Archives of General Psychiatry 67, 124–32.Google Scholar
Means, B., & Loftus, E. F. (1991). When personal history repeats itself: decomposing memories for recurring events. Applied Cognitive Psychology 5, 297–318.Google Scholar
Menon, A. (1994). Judgements of behavioral frequencies: Memory search and retrieval strategies. In Schwartz, N. & Sudman, S., eds., Autobiographical Memory and the Validity of Retrospective Reports. New York: Springer-Verlag, pp. 161–72.Google Scholar
Miller, P. V., & Cannell, C. F. (1977). Communicating measurement objectives in the survey interview. In Hirsch, D. M., Miller, P. V., & Kline, F. G., eds., Strategies for Communication Research. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications, pp. 127–51.Google Scholar
Moffitt, T. E., Caspi, A., Taylor, A., et al. (2010). How common are common mental disorders? Evidence that lifetime prevalence rates are doubled by prospective versus retrospective ascertainment. Psychological Medicine 40, 899–909.Google Scholar
Mojtabai, R., Olfson, M., Sampson, N. A., et al. (2011). Barriers to mental health treatment: results from the National Comorbidity Survey replication. Psychological Medicine 41, 1751–61.Google Scholar
Murray, C. J. L., & Lopez, A. D. (2013). Measuring the global burden of disease. New England Journal of Medicine 369, 448–57.Google Scholar
Oksenberg, L., Vinokur, A., & Cannell, C. F. (1979). The effects of instructions, commitment and feedback on reporting in personal interviews. In Cannell, C. F., Oksenberg, L., & Converse, J. M., eds., Experiments in Interviewing Techniques. DHEW Publication No. (HRA) 78-3204. Washington, DC: Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, pp. 133–99.Google Scholar
Ormel, J., Petukhova, M., Chatterji, S., et al. (2008). Disability and treatment of specific mental and physical disorders across the world. British Journal of Psychiatry 192, 368–75.Google Scholar
Ormel, J., Petukhova, M. V., Chatterji, S., et al. (2013). Disorder-specific disability and treatment of common mental and physical disorders. In Alonso, J., Chatterji, S., & He, Y., eds., The Burdens of Mental Disorders: Global Perspectives from the WHO World Mental Health Surveys. New York: Cambridge University Press, pp. 171–85.Google Scholar
Pallanti, S., Bernardi, S., & Quercioli, L. (2006). The shorter PROMIS questionnaire and the internet addiction scale in the assessment of multiple addictions in a high-school population: prevalence and related disability. CNS Spectrums 11, 966–74.Google Scholar
Patten, S. B. (2003). Recall bias and major depression lifetime prevalence. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 38, 290–6.Google Scholar
Pearson, R. W., Ross, M., & Dawes, R. M. (1992). Personal recall and the limits of retrospective questions in surveys. In Tanur, J. M., ed., Questions about Questions: Inquiries into the Cognitive Bases of Surveys. New York: Russell Sage Foundation, pp. 65–94.Google Scholar
Pennell, B. E., Mneimneh, Z., Bowers, A., et al. (2008). Implementation of the World Mental Health Surveys. In Kessler, R. C. & Üstün, T. B., eds., The WHO World Mental Health Surveys: Global Perspectives on the Epidemiology of Mental Disorders. New York: Cambridge University Press, pp. 33–57.Google Scholar
Prince, R., & Tcheng-Laroche, F. (1987). Culture-bound syndromes and international disease classifications. Cultural Medical Psychiatry 11, 3–52.Google Scholar
Prohaska, V., Brown, N. R., & Belli, R. F. (1998). Forward telescoping: the question matters. Memory 6, 455–65.Google Scholar
Research Triangle Institute (2002). SUDAAN: Professional Software for Survey Data Analysis, Version 8.0.1. Research Triangle Park, NC: Research Triangle Institute.Google Scholar
Rosenbaum, P. R., & Rubin, D. B. (1983). The central role of the propensity score in observational studies for causal effects. Biometrika 70, 41–55.Google Scholar
Rust, K. (1985). Variance estimation for complex estimators in sample surveys. Journal of Official Statistics 1, 381–97.Google Scholar
SAS Institute Inc. (2011). SAS/STAT® Software, Version 9.3 for Windows. Cary, NC: SAS Institute Inc.Google Scholar
Schlesselman, J. J. (1982). Case–Control Studies: Design, Conduct, Analysis. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Schober, M. F., Conrad, F. G., & Fricker, S. S. (2004). Misunderstanding standardized language in research interviews. Applied Cognitive Psychology 18, 169–88.Google Scholar
Schwarz, N., & Sudman, S., eds. (1994). Autobiographical Memory and the Validity of Retrospective Reports. New York: Springer-Verlag.Google Scholar
Schwarz, N., & Sudman, S., eds. (1996). Answering Questions: Methodology for Determining Cognitive and Communicative Processes in Survey Research. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass Publishers.Google Scholar
Seedat, S., Scott, K., Angermeyer, M. C., et al. (2009). Cross-national associations between gender and mental disorders in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys. Archives of General Psychiatry, 66, 785–95.Google Scholar
Sheatsley, P. B. (1983). Questionnaire construction and item writing. In Rossi, P. H., Wright, J. D., & Anderson, A. B., eds., Handbook of Survey Research: Quantitative Studies in Social Relations. New York: Academy Press, pp. 195–230.Google Scholar
Sheehan, D. V., Harnett-Sheehan, K., & Raj, B. A. (1996). The measurement of disability. International Clinical Psychopharmacology 11(Suppl 3), 89–95.Google Scholar
Simon, G. E., & VonKorff, M. (1995). Recall of psychiatric history in cross-sectional surveys: implications for epidemiologic research. Epidemiologic Reviews 17, 221–7.Google Scholar
Sirken, M. G., Herrmann, D. J., Schechter, S., et al., eds. (1999). Cognition and Survey Research. New York: John Wiley & Sons.Google Scholar
Skelton, J. A., & Croyle, R. T. (1991). Mental Representation in Health and Illness. New York: Springer-Verlag.Google Scholar
Smith, T. W. (2004). Developing and evaluating cross-national survey instruments. In Presser, S., Rothgeb, J. M., Couper, M. P., et al., eds., Methods for Testing and Evaluating Survey Questionnaires. New York: John Wiley & Sons, pp. 431–52.Google Scholar
Sudman, S., Bradburn, N., & Schwarz, N. (1996). Thinking about Answers: The Application of Cognitive Processes to Survey Methodology. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass Publishers.Google Scholar
Tanur, J. M. (1992). Questions about Questions: Inquiries into the Cognitive Bases of Surveys. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.Google Scholar
Taylor, M. P. (2003). Purchasing power parity. Review of International Economics 11, 436–52.Google Scholar
Thornicroft, G., Chatterji, S., Evans-Lacko, S., et al. (2017). Under-treatment of people with major depressive disorder in 21 countries. British Journal of Psychiatry 210, 119–24.Google Scholar
Tourangeau, R., & Yan, T. (2007). Sensitive questions in surveys. Psychological Bulletin 133, 859–83.Google Scholar
Turner, C., & Martin, E. (1985). Surveying Subjective Phenomena. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.Google Scholar
Verma, V., Scott, C., & O'Muircheartaigh, C. (1980). Sample designs and sampling errors for the World Fertility Survey. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society 143, 431–73.Google Scholar
Vinokur, A., Oksenberg, L., & Cannell, C. F. (1979). Effects of feedback and reinforcement on the report of health information. In Cannell, C. F., Oksenberg, L., & Converse, J. M., eds., Experiments in Interviewing Techniques. Ann Arbor, MI: Survey Research Center, University of Michigan.Google Scholar
Wang, P. S., Aguilar-Gaxiola, S., Alonso, J., et al. (2007a). Use of mental health services for anxiety, mood, and substance disorders in 17 countries in the WHO World Mental Health Surveys. Lancet 370, 841–50.Google Scholar
Wang, P. S., Angermeyer, M., Borges, G., et al. (2007b). Delay and failure in treatment seeking after first onset of mental disorders in the World Health Organization's World Mental Health Survey Initiative. World Psychiatry 6, 177–85.Google Scholar
Wardenaar, K. J., van Loo, H. M., Cai, T., et al. (2014). The effects of co-morbidity in defining major depression subtypes associated with long-term course and severity. Psychological Medicine 44, 3289–302.Google Scholar
Wells, J. E., Browne, M. O., Aguilar-Gaxiola, S., et al. (2013). Drop out from out-patient mental healthcare in the World Health Organization's World Mental Health Survey Initiative. The British Journal of Psychiatry 202, 42–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Whiteford, H. A., Degenhardt, L., Rehm, J., et al. (2013). Global burden of disease attributable to mental and substance use disorders: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Lancet 382, 1575–86.Google Scholar
Williams, B. J. (1986). Suggestions for the application of advanced technology in Canadian collection operations. Journal of Official Statistics 2, 555–60.Google Scholar
World Bank (2012). Data and Statistics. http://data.worldbank.org/country. Accessed 12 May 2012.Google Scholar