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  • Print publication year: 1996
  • Online publication date: October 2010

Appendix: Assessment Scales

Summary

NEUROLOGICAL ASSESSMENT KURTZKE FUNCTIONAL SYSTEMS (FS)

1. Pyramidal functions

0 Normal

1 Abnormal signs without disability

2 Minimal disability

3 Mild to moderate paraparesis or hemiparesis (detectable weakness but most function sustained for short periods, fatigue a problem); severe monoparesis (almost no function)

4 Marked paraparesis or hemiparesis (function is difficult); moderate quadriparesis (function is decreased but can be sustained for short periods); or monoplegia

5 Paraplegia, hemiplegia, or marked quadriparesis

6 Quadriplegia

9 Unknown

2. Cerebellar functions

0 Normal

1 Abnormal signs without disability

2 Mild ataxia (tremor or clumsy movements easily seen, minor interference with function)

3 Moderate truncal or limb ataxia (tremor or clumsy movements interfere with function in all spheres)

4 Severe ataxia in all limbs (most function is very difficult)

5 Unable to perform coordinated movements due to ataxia

9 Unknown

3. Brainstem functions

0 Normal

1 Signs only

2 Moderate nystagmus or other mild disability

3 Severe nystagmus, marked extraocular weakness, or moderate disability of other cranial nerves

4 Marked dysarthria or other marked disability

5 Inability to swallow or speak

9 Unknown

4. Sensory functions

0 Normal

1 Vibration or figure-writing decrease only in one or two limbs

2 Mild decrease in touch, or pain, or position sense, and/or moderate decrease in vibration in one or two limbs; or vibratory (c/s figure writing) decrease alone in three or four limbs

[…]

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Multiple Sclerosis
  • Online ISBN: 9780511575051
  • Book DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511575051
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