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Chapter
  • Print publication year: 2008
  • Online publication date: September 2009

11 - Potential therapies to limit obesity

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Summary

The chapters within this book have detailed various aspects of the neurobiology of weight control. These include the genetic factors which determined the function of the body's energy regulation and the central mechanisms responsible for maintaining the body's energy balance. Particular focus has been placed on central targets such as the melanocortin and endogenous opioid systems. These systems represent two factors which control food intake: energy balance regulation and pleasure/reward. It is the metabolic demand for energy and the pleasure derived from eating palatable foods which determine when, what and how much we eat. Other chapters have dealt with peripheral generated signals such as ghrelin, leptin and insulin and their role in appetite and energy regulation. Such mechanisms provide episodic meal-by-meal signals of food consumption and the tonic signals of energy storage to the CNS. Organs such as the gut, the pancreas and adipose tissue act as both detectors and effectors in the organism energy regulation system. This diverse peripheral input allows the organism to constantly monitor its current energy status. In turn the CNS does not only adjust the expression of feeding behavior, as the last chapter shows the CNS also exerts control over the storage of energy.

Given the complexity of these systems underpinning energy regulation (episodic and tonic, peripheral and central) it may appear surprising that the state of obesity exists. However, despite the collective action of these many systems it seems many individuals experience great difficulty controlling their own body weight.

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Neurobiology of Obesity
  • Online ISBN: 9780511541643
  • Book DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511541643
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