Nezhat's Textbook of Minimally Invasive Surgery Published online by Cambridge University Press: 06 November 2025
Since the introduction of laparoscopic surgery in the early 1900s, traditional surgeons have met it with skepticism. However, after decades of modern advances in technology, including improved lens systems, cold light, fiber optics, and especially the development of video endoscopy by Dr. Camran Nezhat, combined with the pioneering work of the early gynecologic surgeons, minimally invasive video laparoscopy and robotics have made inroads into the diagnosis and treatment of gynecologic oncology.[1,2] The first video laparoscopic radical hysterectomy, para-aortic and pelvic lymphadenectomy, was performed by the Nezhats in 1989 and reported in subsequent years.
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