A family home

The surname of Novikov is a common one in present-day Russia, and most of its bearers would probably assume that it came from novyy, the Russian for ‘new’. But, as so often with popular etymology, they would be wrong in thinking of it as a Russian equivalent of Newman. It is derived from novik, a term used in Muscovy to describe a young nobleman who had recently entered service at court, an apprentice courtier or pageboy, a ‘new man’ of a particular sort. Doubtless one of Nikolay Novikov's forbears had been given the name as a son of a novik, although it is not known when this happened, for the most distant-known ancestor in his family tree, Merkuley Mikhaylovich, already had the family name of Novikov at the beginning of the sixteenth century.

By the name that he bore, therefore, Nikolay Ivanovich Novikov was conscious of himself as a nobleman, born into a class of the Russian nation which accounted for some 1 per cent of the population. Within this sliver of Russia even, Nikolay Novikov had a special position. Even if Russians knew the genealogy of their clan which ensured their noble status, unlike the nobility of Western Europe they rarely had roots in an ancestral home.