Ackerman, Susan. “Sacred Sex, Sacrifice and Death: Understanding a Prophetic Poem.” BR 6 (1990): 38–44.
Ackerman, Susan. Under Every Green Tree: Popular Religion in Sixth Century Judah. HSM 46. Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1992.
Ackerman, Susan. “Child Sacrifice: Returning God's Gift.” BR 9 (1993): 20–29, 56.
Ackerman, Susan. “The Queen Mother and the Cult in Ancient Israel.” JBL 112 (1993): 385–401. Reprinted in pages 179–94 in Alice Bach, ed., Women in the Hebrew Bible: A Reader. New York: Routledge, 1999.
Ackerman, Susan. “Why Is Miriam Also among the Prophets? (And Is Zipporah among the Priests?).” JBL 121 (2002): 47–80.
Adams, Carol J. The Sexual Politics of Meat: A Feminist-Vegetarian Critical Theory. New York: Continuum, 1990.
Adler, Rachel. “Tumah and Taharah: Ends and Beginnings.” Pages 63–71 in The Jewish Woman, New Perspectives. Edited by E. Koltun. New York: Schocken, 1976.
Albright, William F. Yahweh and the Gods of Canaan: A Historical Analysis of Two Contrasting Faiths. London: Athlone, 1968.
Anderson, G. A.Sacrifices and Offerings in Ancient Israel. Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1987.
Anderson, G. A.. “Sacrifice and Sacrificial Offerings (OT).” ABD V: 870–76.
Anderson, G. A. and S. M. Olyan, eds. Priesthood and Cult in Ancient Israel. JSOTSup 125. Sheffield: JSOT Press, 1991.
Archer, Léonie J. “Bound by Blood: Circumcision and Menstrual Taboo in Post-Exilic Judaism.” Pages 38–61 in After Eve: Women, Theology and the Christian Traditions. Edited by J. M. Soskice. London: Marshall Pickering, 1990.
Archer, Léonie J. “‘In Thy Blood Live’: Gender and Ritual in the Judeo-Christian Tradition.” Pages 22–49 in Through the Devil's Gateway: Women, Religion and Taboo. Edited by Alison Joseph. London: SPCK, 1990.
Archer, Léonie J. “Notions of Community and the Exclusion of the Female in Jewish History and Historiography.” Pages 53–69 in Women in Ancient Societies: An Illusion of the Night. Edited by Léonie Archer, Susan Fiscler, and Maria Wyke. New York: MacMillan, 1994.
Ariel, Yaakov. “Still Ransoming the First-Born Sons?: Pidyon Haben and Its Survival in the Jewish Tradition.” Pages 305–19 in Human Sacrifice in Jewish and Christian Tradition. Edited by Karin Finsterbusch, Armin Lange, and K. F. Diethard Römheld. Leiden: Brill, 2007.
Asher-Greve, Julia M. “The Essential Body: Mesopotamian Conceptions of the Gendered Body.” Pages 8–37 in Gender and the Body in the Ancient Mediterranean. Edited by Maria Wyke. London: Blackwell, 1998.
Bach, Alice, ed. Women in the Hebrew Bible: A Reader. New York: Routledge, 1999.
Bal, Mieke. Death and Dissymmetry: The Politics of Coherence in the Book of Judges. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1988.
Ballentine, Samuel E. Leviticus. Interpretation: A Bible Commentary for Preaching and Teaching. Louisville, KY: John Knox. 1999.
Baumgarten, Albert I. “The Paradox of the Red Heifer.” VT 43 (1993): 442–51.
Baumgarten, Albert I. “HATTA’T Sacrifices.” RB 103 (1996): 337–42.
Baumgarten, Joseph M. “A Fragment on Fetal Life and Pregnancy in 4Q270.” Pages 445–48 in Pomegranates and Golden Bells. Edited by Jacob Milgrom, David Pearson Wright, David Noel Freedman, and Avi Hurvitz. Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 1995.
Beck, B. “bāqār.” TDOT II: 209–16.
Beckwith, Roger T. and Martin J. Selman, eds. Sacrifice in the Bible. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Book House, 1995.
Be'er, Ilana. “Blood Discharge: On Female Im/Purity in the Priestly Code and in Biblical Narrative.” Pages 152–64 in A Feminist Companion to Exodus to Deuteronomy. Edited by Athalya Brenner. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1994.
Bell, Catherine. Ritual Theory, Ritual Practice. New York: Oxford University Press, 1992.
Benichou-Safar, Hélène. “Á propos des ossements humains du tophet de Carthage.” Rivista di Studi Fenici 9 (1981): 5–9.
Benichou-Safar, Hélène. Les tombes puniques de Carthage: Topographic structures, inscriptions et rites funiraires. Études d'antiquités africaines; Paris: Éditions du centre nationale de la récherche scientifique, 1982.
Bergman, J. “zābhach.” TDOT IV: 8–13.
Berlinerblau, Jacques. The Vow and the “Popular Religious Groups” in Ancient Israel: A Philological and Sociological Inquiry. JSOTSup 210. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1996.
Biale, David. Eros and the Jews: From Biblical Israel to Contemporary America. San Francisco: HarperCollins, 1992.
Biale, David. “Does Blood Have Gender in Jewish Culture?” Pages 7–24 in Gendering the Jewish Past. Edited by Marc Lee Raphael. Williamsburg, VA:Department of Religion, College of William and Mary, 2002.
Bird, Phyllis A. “The Place of Women in the Israelite Cultus.” Pages in 81–102 in Missing Persons and Mistaken Identities: Women and Gender in Ancient Israel. Overtures to Biblical Theology. Minneapolis, MN: Fortress, 1997.
Bird, Phyllis A. “Women (OT).” Pages 52–66 in Missing Persons and Mistaken Identities: Women and Gender in Ancient Israel. Overtures to Biblical Theology. Minneapolis, MN: Fortress, 1997.
Bird, Phyllis A. “The End of the Male Cult Prostitute: A Literary-Historical and Sociological Analysis of Hebrew QĀDĒŠ-QĔDĒŠȊM.” Pages 37–80 in Congress Volume Cambridge. Supplements to Vetus Testamentum 66. Edited by J. A. Emerton. Leiden: Brill, 1997.
Blenkinsopp, Joseph. “Sacrifice and Social Maintenance: What's at Stake in the (non-) Ordination of Roman Catholic Women.” Cross-Currents 45 (1995): 359–367.
Blau, Joseph L. “The Red Heifer: A Biblical Purification Rite in Rabbinic Literature.” Numen 14 (1967): 70–79.
Blum, Erhard. Studien zur Komposition des Pentateuch. BZAW 189. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 1990.
Bodenheimer, F.S.Animal and Man in Bible Lands. Leiden: Brill, 1960.
Bonar, Andrew. A Commentary on the Book of Leviticus. London: James Nisbet & Co., 1852. Repr. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Book House, 1978.
Borowski, Oded. Every Living Thing: Daily Use of Animals in Ancient Israel. Walnut Creek, CA: AltaMira Press, 1998.
Borowski, Oded. “Animals in the Religions of Syria-Palestine.” Pages 405–15 in A History of the Animal World in the Ancient Near East. Edited by Billie Jean Collins. Leiden: Brill, 2002.
Bourdillon, M. F. C. and Meyer Fortes. Sacrifice. London: Academic Press Inc., 1980.
Brenner, Athalya, ed. A Feminist Companion to Exodus to Deuteronomy. Sheffield: SheffieldAcademic Press, 1994.
Breyfogle, Caroline M. “The Religious Status of Women in the Old Testament.” The Biblical World 5 (1910): 405–19.
Brin, Gershon. Studies in Biblical Law: From the Hebrew Bible to the Dead Sea Scrolls. JSOTSup 176. Sheffield: JSOT Press, 1994.
Brooten, Bernadette. “Female Leadership in the Ancient Synagogue.” Pages 215–33 in From Dura to Sepphoris: Studies in Jewish Art and Society. Edited by Lee I. Levine and Zeev Weiss. Portsmouth, RI: Journal of Roman Archaeology, 2000.
Brown, Shelby. Late Carthaginian Child Sacrifice and Sacrificial Monuments in their Mediterranean Context. JSOTSup 3. Sheffield: JSOT Press, 1991.
Browne, S. G.Leprosy in the Bible. London: Christian Medical Fellowship, 1970.
Browning, Daniel C., Jr. “The Strange Search for the Ashes of the Red Heifer.” BA 59 (1996): 74–89.
Buckley, Thomas and Alma Gottlieb, eds. Blood Magic: The Anthropology of Menstruation. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1988.
Budd, Philip J. Leviticus. New Century Bible. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1996.
Burkert, Walter. Homo Necans: The Anthropology of Ancient Greek Sacrificial Ritual and Myth. Translated by Peter Bing. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1983.
Burnside, Jonathan P. The Signs of Sin: Seriousness of Offense in Biblical Law. JSOTSup 364. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 2003.
Cameron, Avril and Amelie Kuhrt, eds. Images of Women in Antiquity. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University, 1983.
Cansdale, George. Animals of Bible Lands. Foreword by R. W. Stott. Exeter: Paternoster Press, 1970.
Caquot, André. “chālābh.” TDOT IV: 386–91.
Carmichael, Calum. “On Separating Life and Death: An Explanation of Some Biblical Laws.” HTR 69 (1976): 1–7.
Carmichael, Calum. “A Common Element in Five Supposedly Disparate Laws.” VT 29 (1979): 129--42.
Cartledge, Tony W. Vows in the Hebrew Bible and the Ancient Near East. JSOTSup 147. Sheffield: JSOT Press, 1992.
Chapman, A. T. and A. W. Streane. The Book of Leviticus. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1914.
Cherry, John F. “Pastoralism and the Role of Animals in the Pre-and Protohistoric Economies of the Aegean.” Pages 6–34 in Pastoral Economies in Classical Antiquity. Edited by C. R. Whittaker. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988.
Childs, Brevard S. The Book of Exodus: A Critical, Theological Commentary by Brevard S. Childs. OTL. Louisville, KY: Westminster, 1974.
Cohen, Shaye J. D. “Menstruants and the Sacred in Judaism and Christianity.” Pages 273–99 in Women's History and Ancient History. Edited by Sarah B. Pomeroy. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1991.
Cohen, Shaye J. D. “Why Aren't Jewish Women Circumcised?” Pages 136–54 in Gender and the Body in the Ancient Mediterranean. Edited by Maria Wyke. Oxford: Blackwell, 1998.
Cohen, Shaye J. D. Why Aren't Jewish Women Circumcised?: Gender and Covenant in Judaism. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2005.
Collins, Billie Jean, ed. A History of the Animal World in the Ancient Near East. Leiden: Brill, 2002.
Collins, John J. “The Meaning of Sacrifice: A Contrast of Methods.” Biblical Research 22 (1977): 19–34.
Craigie, Peter C. The Book of Deuteronomy. NICOT 5. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1976.
Cross, Frank Moore. Canaanite Myth and Hebrew Epic: Essays in the History of the Religion of Israel. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1997.
Culpepper, Emily E. “Zoroastrian Menstruation Taboos: A Women's Studies Perspective.” Pages 199–210 in Women and Religion: Papers of the Working Group on Women and Religion. Edited by Judith Plaskow and Joan Arnold Romero. Missoula, MO: Scholars Press, 1974.
Dalley, Stephanie. Review of R. Matilla, The King's Magnates. Bibliotheca Orientalis 8 (2001): 197–206.
Daube, David. “A Note on a Jewish Dietary Law.” Journal of Theological Studies 37 (1936): 289–91.
Davies, Douglas. “An Interpretation of Sacrifice in Leviticus,” ZAW 89 (1976): 387–99.
Day, John. Molech: A God of Human Sacrifice in the Old Testament. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989.
DeGuglielmo, Antonine. “Sacrifice in the Ugaritic Texts.” CBQ 17 (1988): 76–96.
Delaney, Carol. The Seed and the Soil: Gender and Cosmology in Turkish Village Society. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1991.
Delaney, Carol. Abraham on Trial: The Social Legacy of Biblical Myth. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1998.
Deller, K. Review of R. de Vaux, Les sacrifices de l'ancien Testament. Orientalia 34 (1965): 382–86.
Dennis, J. “The Function of the ḥaṭṭāʼt Sacrifice in the Priestly Literature: An Evaluation of the View of Jacob Milgrom.” ETL 78 (2002): 108–29.
Detienne, Marcel. “The Violence of Well-Born Ladies: Women in the Thesmophoria.” Pages 129–47 in The Cuisine of Sacrifice among the Greeks. Edited by Marcel Detienne and Jean-Pierre Vernant. Translated by Paula Wissing. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1989.
Detienne, Marcel and Jean-Pierre Vernant, eds. The Cuisine of Sacrifice among the Greeks. Translated by Paula Wissing. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1989.
Dillman, A.Die Bücher Numeri, Deuteronomium und Josua. 2nd edition. Leipzig: Hirzel, 1886.
Douglas, Mary. Purity and Danger: An Analysis of the Concepts of Pollution and Taboo. London: Routledge & Keegan Paul, 1966.
Douglas, Mary. Implicit Meanings: Essays in Anthropology. London: Routledge & Keegan Paul, 1975.
Douglas, Mary. Natural Symbols: Explorations in Cosmology. London: Barrie and Rockliff, 1970.
Douglas, Mary. “The Forbidden Animals of Leviticus.” JSOT 59 (1993): 3–23.
Douglas, Mary. In the Wilderness: The Doctrine of Defilement in the Book of Numbers. JSOTSup 158. Sheffield: JSOT Press, 1993.
Douglas, Mary. “Sacred Contagion.” Pages 86–106 in Reading Leviticus: A Conversation with Mary Douglas. Edited by J. F. A. Sawyer. JSOTSup 227. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1996.
Douglas, Mary. Leviticus as Literature. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999.
Dresen, Grietje. “The Better Blood: On Sacrificing and the Churching of New Mothers in the Roman Catholic Tradition.” Pages 143–64 in Wholly Woman, Holy Blood: A Feminist Critique of Purity and Impurity. Edited by Kristin De Troyer, Judith A. Herbert, Judith Ann Johnson, and Anne-Marie Korte. Harrisburg, PA: Trinity Press International, 2003.
Driel, G. Van. “Neo-Babylonian Sheep and Goats.” Bulletin of Sumerian Agriculture 7 (1993): 219–58.
Driel, G. Van and K. R. Nemet-Nejat. “Book-Keeping Practices for an Institutional Herd at Eanna.” JCS 46 (1994): 47–58.
Driver, S. R.The Book of Leviticus. London: James Clarke, 1898.
Durham, John I. Exodus. Word Biblical Commentary 3. Waco, TX: Word, 1987.
Dussaud, R.Les origines Cananéenes du sacrifice Israélite. Paris: Leroux, 1941.
Eberhart, Christian. “A Neglected Feature of Sacrifice in the Hebrew Bible: Remarks on the Burning Rite on the Altar.” HTR 97 (2004): 485–93.
Eberhart, Christian, ed. Ritual and Metaphor: Sacrifice in the Bible. Atlanta: SBL, 2011.
Edersheim, Alfred. The Temple: Its Ministry and Services: Updated Edition. Peabody, MA: Hendricksons, 1994.
Eilberg-Schwartz, Howard. “Israel in the Mirror of Nature: Animal Metaphors in the Ritual and Narratives of Ancient Israel.” Journal of Ritual Studies 2 (1988): 1–30.
Eilberg-Schwartz, Howard. The Savage in Judaism: An Anthropology of Israelite Religion and Ancient Judaism. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1990.
Eissfeldt, Otto. Molk als Opferbegriff im Punischen und Hebräischen und das Ende des Gottes Moloch. Halle: Max Niemeyer, 1935.
Ellens, Deborah L. “Leviticus 15: Contrasting Conceptual Associations Regarding Women.” Pages 124–51 in Reading the Hebrew Bible for a New Millennium: Form, Concept and Theological Perspective; Vol. 2: Theological and Exegetical Studies. Edited by Wonil Kim, Deborah Ellens, Michael Floyd, and Marvin A. Sweeney. Harrison, PA: Trinity Press International, 2000.
Ellens, Deborah L. “Menstrual Impurity and Innovation in Leviticus 15.” Pages 29–43 in Wholly Woman, Holy Blood: A Feminist Critique of Purity and Impurity. Edited by Kristin De Troyer, Judith A. Herbert, Judith Ann Johnson, and Anne-Marie Korte. Harrisburg, PA: Trinity Press International, 2003.
Elliger, Karl. “Das Gesetz Leviticus 18,” ZAW 67 (1955): 1–25.
Elliger, Karl. Leviticus. Tübingen: J. C. B. Mohr, 1966.
Eskenazi, Tamara C. “Out from the Shadows: Women in the Postexilic Era.” JSOT 54 (1992): 25–43.
Fantar, M’hamed Hassine. “An Odyssey Debate: Were Living Children Sacrificed to the Gods? No.” Archaeology Odyssey, Nov/Dec 2000: 28, 30.
Feldman, Emanuel. Biblical and Post-Biblical Defilement and Mourning: Law as Theology. New York: KTAV, 1977.
Finsterbusch, Karin. “The First-Born between Sacrifice and Redemption in the Hebrew Bible.” Pages 87–108 in Human Sacrifice in Jewish and Christian Tradition. Edited by Karin Finsterbusch, Armin Lange, and K. F. Diethard Römheld. Leiden: Brill, 2007.
Finsterbusch, Karin, Armin Lange, Armin Lange, and K. F. Diethard Römheld, eds. Human Sacrifice in Jewish and Christian Tradition. Leiden: Brill, 2007.
Firmage, Edwin. “Zoology.” ABD VI: 1109–167.
Firth, Raymond. “Offerings and Sacrifice: Problems of Organization.” Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 93 (1963): 12–24.
Fonrobert, Charlotte Elisheva. Menstrual Purity: Rabbinic and Christian Reconstructions of Biblical Gender. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2000.
Forster, Robert and Orest A. Ranum, eds. Food and Drink in History: Selections from the Annales, Economies, Societes, Civilisations, Vol. 5. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1979.
Frazer, James George. The Golden Bough. Abridged edition. New York: MacMillan Company, 1960 (originally 1922).
Frymer-Kensky, Tikva. “Pollution, Purification and Purgation in Biblical Israel.” Pages 399–414 in The Word of the Lord Shall Go Forth: Essays in Honor of David Noel Freedman. Edited by Carol Meyers and M. O’Connor. Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 1983.
Frymer-Kensky, Tikva. “Law and Philosophy: The Case of Sex in the Bible.” Semeia 45 (1989): 89–102.
Frymer-Kensky, Tikva. In the Wake of the Goddesses: Women, Culture and the Biblical Transformation of Pagan Myth. New York: Fawcett Columbine, 1992.
Fuchs, Esther. “‘For I Have the Way of Women’: Deception, Gender, and Ideology in Biblical Narrative.” Semeia 42 (1988): 68–83.
Gane, Roy. Cult and Character: Purification Offerings, Day of Atonement and Theodicy. Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2005.
Gaster, Theodore H.Myth, Legend and Custom in the Old Testament: A Comparative Study with Chapters from Sir James G. Frazer's Folklore in the Old Testament, Vol. 1. New York: Harper & Row, 1969.
Gelb, I. J. “The Growth of a Herd of Cattle in Ten Years.” JCS 21 (1967): 64–69.
Gerstenberger, Erhard. Leviticus. OTL. Louisville, KY: Westminster, 1993.
Gilders, William K. Blood Ritual in the Hebrew Bible: Meaning and Power. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2004.
Ginsberg, H. L.The Israelian Heritage of Judaism. New York: JTSA Press, 1982.
Girard, René. Violence and the Sacred. Translated by Patrick Gregory. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1977.
Goedicke, Hans. Review of O. Keel, Das Böcklein in der Milch Seiner Mutter und Verwandtes. JNES 42 (1983): 302–03.
Goldstein, Bernard R. and Alan M. Cooper. “The Festivals of Israel and Judah and the Literary History of the Pentateuch.” JAOS 110 (1990): 19–31.
Gorman, Frank H. Leviticus: Divine Presence and Community. International Theological Commentary. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1997.
Gray, George Buchanan. Numbers. International Critical Commentary. Edinburgh: T&T Clark, 1903.
Gray, George Buchanan. Sacrifice in the Old Testament. New York: KTAV, 1971.
Green, A. R. W.The Role of Human Sacrifice in the Ancient Near East. Missoula, MO: Scholars Press, 1975.
Green, M. W. “Animal Husbandry at Uruk in the Archaic Period.” JNES 39 (1980): 1–36.
Greenberg, Moshe. Ezekiel 1–20. AB 22. New York: Doubleday, 1983.
Greenberg, Moshe. “The Etymology of niddâ ‘(Menstrual) Impurity.’” Pages 69–77 in Solving Riddles and Untying Knots: Biblical, Epigraphic, and Semitic Studies in Honor of Jonas C. Greenfield. Edited by Ziony Zevit, Seymour Gitin, and Michael Sokoloff. Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 1995.
Greene, Joseph A. and Lawrence Stager. “An Odyssey Debate: Were Living Children Sacrificed to the Gods? Yes.” Archaeology Odyssey, Nov/Dec (2000): 29, 31.
Greenspahn, Frederick E. When Brothers Dwell Together: The Preeminence of Younger Siblings in the Hebrew Bible. New York: Oxford, 1994.
Gruber, Mayer I. “The Hebrew qĕdēšâ and her Canaanite and Akkadian Cognates.” UF 18 (1986): 133–48.
Gruber, Mayer I. “Women in the Cult According to the Priestly Code.” Pages 35–48 in Judaic Perspectives on Ancient Israel. Edited by Jacob Neusner, Baruch A. Levine, and Ernest S. Frerichs. Philadelphia: Fortress, 1987.
Gruber, Mayer I. “Breastfeeding Practices in Biblical Israel and in Old Babylonian Mesopotamia.” JANES 19 (1989): 61–83.
Gruber, Mayer I. “Red Heifer.” EJ 14: Columns 9–11.
Hackett, Jo Ann. “In the Days of Jael: Reclaiming the History of Women in Ancient Israel.” Pages 15–38 in Immaculate and Powerful: The Female in Sacred Image and Social Reality. Edited by Clarissa Atkinson, Margaret Miles, and Constance Buchanan. Boston: Beacon Press, 1985.
Hahn, Scott Walker and John Sietze Bergsma, “What Laws Were ‘Not Good’?: A Canonical Approach to the Theological Problem of Ezekiel 20:25–26.” JBL 123 (2004): 201–18.
Hallo, William W. “The Origins of the Sacrificial Cult: New Evidence from Mesopotamia and Israel.” Pages 3–13 in Ancient Israelite Religion: Essays in Honor of Frank Moore Cross. Edited by Patrick D. Miller, Paul D. Hanson, and S. Dean McBride. Philadelphia: Fortress, 1987.
Halstead, Paul. “Banking on Livestock: Indirect Storage in Greek Agriculture.” Bulletin of Sumerian Agriculture 7 (1993): 63–75.
Hammerton-Kelly, Robert G., ed. Violent Origins: Walter Burkert, René Girard, and Jonathan Z. Smith on Ritual Killing and Cultural Formation. With an Introduction by Burton Mack and a Commentary by Renato Rosaldo. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1987.
Hamp, V. “ṭābāḥ.” TDOT V: 284.
Haran, Menahem. “Seething a Kid in Its Mother's Milk.” JJS 30 (1979): 23–35.
Haran, Menahem. Temples and Temple-Service in Ancient Israel: An Inquiry into Biblical Cult Phenomena and the Historical Setting of the Priestly School. Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 1985.
Harris, Rachel T. “The Ritual of the Red Heifer.” JBQ 26 (1998): 198–200.
Harrison, R. K.Leviticus: An Introduction and Commentary. Leicester: InterVarsity Press, 1980.
Hartley, John E. Leviticus. Word Biblical Commentary 4. Dallas, TX: Word, 1992.
Hartley, John E and Timothy Dwyer. “An Investigation into the Location of the Laws on Offering to Molek in the Book of Leviticus.” Pages in 81–94 in “Go to the Land I Will Show You”: Studies in Honor of Dwight W. Young. Edited by Joseph E. Colson and Victor H. Matthews. Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 1996.
Hawkins, J. D. “Eunuchs among the Hittites.” Pages 217–33 in Sex and Gender in the Ancient Near East: Proceedings of the 47th Rencontre Assyriologique Internationale. Part I. Edited by S. Parpola and R. M. Whiting. Helsinki: The Neo-Assyrian Text Corpus Project, 2002.
Heider, George C. The Cult of Molek: A Reassessment. JSOTSup 43. Sheffield: JSOT Press, 1985.
Heider, George C. “A Further Turn on Ezekiel's Baroque Twist in Ezek 20:25–26.” JBL 107 (1988): 721–24.
Hendel, Ronald S. “Sacrifice as a Cultural System: The Ritual Symbolism of Exodus 24, 3–8,” ZAW 101 (1989): 366–90.
Heyman, George. “Sacrifice, Social Discourse, and Power.” Pages 135–52 in Ritual and Metaphor: Sacrifice in the Bible. Edited by Christian Eberhart. Atlanta: SBL, 2011.
Hoffman, Lawrence A. Covenant of Blood: Circumcision and Gender in Rabbinic Judaism. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996.
Hoffner, H. A. “Symbols for Masculinity and Femininity: Their Use in Ancient Near Eastern Sympathetic Magic Rituals.” JBL 85 (1966): 326–34.
Hoffner, H. A.. “Second Millennium Antecedents to the Hebrew ‘Ôḇ.” JBL 86 (1967): 385–401.
Hubert, Henri and Marcel Mauss. Sacrifice: Its Nature and Function. Translated by W. D. Halls. Foreword by E. E. Evans-Pritchard. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1964.
Hulse, E. V. “The Nature of Biblical ‘Leprosy’ and the Use of Alternative Medical Terms in Modern Translations of the Bible.” Palestine Exploration Quarterly 107 (1975): 87–105.
Jacobsen, Thorkild. “On the Textile Industry under Ibbī-Sîn.” Pages 172–87 in Studia Orientalia Ioanni Pedersen dedicata. Copenhagen: Einar Munksgaard, 1953.
Jameson, Michael H. “Sacrifice and Animal Husbandry in Classical Greece.” Pages 87– 119 in Pastoral Economies in Classical Antiquity. Edited by C. R. Whittaker. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988.
Jay, Nancy. Throughout Your Generations Forever: Sacrifice, Religion and Paternity. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1992.
Joseph, Allison, ed. Through the Devil's Gateway: Women, Religion and Taboo. London: SPCK, 1990.
Kalmanofsky, Amy. “The Dangerous Sisters of Jeremiah and Ezekiel.” JBL 130 (2011): 299–312.
Kaufman, Yehezkel. The Religion of Israel: From Its Beginnings to the Babylonian Exile. Abridged version. Translated by Moshe Greenberg. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1960.
Keel, Othmar. Das Böcklein in der Milch Seiner Mutter und Verwandtes: Im Lichte eines altorientalischen Bildmotivs. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht, 1980.
Kim, Wonil, Deborah Ellens, Michael Floyd, and Marvin A. Sweeney, eds. Reading the Hebrew Bible for a New Millennium: Form, Concept and Theological Perspective; Vol. 2: Theological and Exegetical Studies. Harrison, PA: Trinity Press International, 2000.
Kiuchi, N.The Purification Offering in the Priestly Literature: Its Meaning and Function. JSOTSup 56. Sheffield: JSOT Press, 1987.
Klawans, Jonathan. Impurity and Sin in Ancient Judaism. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000.
Klawans, Jonathan. “Pure Violence: Sacrifice and Defilement in Ancient Israel.” HTR 94/2 (2001): 133–55.
Klawans, Jonathan. Purity, Sacrifice, and the Temple: Symbolism and Supercessionism in the Study of Ancient Judaism. New York: Oxford University Press, 2006.
Knauf, Axel. “Zur Herkunft und Sozialgeschichte Israels: ‘Das Böckchen in der Milch seiner Mutter.’” Biblica 69 (1988): 153–69.
Knohl, Israel. “The Priestly Torah versus the Holiness School: Sabbath and the Festivals.” HUCA 58 (1987): 65–117.
Knohl, Israel. “The Sin-Offering Law in the ‘Holiness School’ (Numbers 15:22–31).” Pages 192–203 in Priesthood and Cult in Ancient Israel. JSOTSup 125. Edited by G. A. Anderson and S. Olyan. Sheffield: JSOT Press, 1991.
Knohl, Israel. The Sanctuary of Silence: The Priestly Torah and the Holiness School. Minneapolis, MN: Fortress, 1995.
Korte, Anne-Marie. “Reclaiming Ritual: A Gendered Approach to Impurity.” Pages 313–27 in Purity and Holiness: The Heritage of Leviticus. Edited by M. J. H. M. Poorthius and J. Schwartz. Leiden: Brill, 2000.
Kramer, Samuel Noah. “
BM 29616: The Fashioning of the gala.”
ASJ 3 (
1981):
1–12.
Kraemer, Ross Shepard. Her Share of the Blessings: Women's Religion Among Pagans, Jews, and Christians in the Greco-Roman World. New York: Oxford, 1992.
Kristeva, Julia. Powers of Horror: An Essay on Abjection. New York: Columbia University Press, 1982.
Kunin, Seth. We Think What We Eat: Neo-Structuralist Analysis of Israelite Food Rules and Other Cultural and Textual Practices. London: T&T Clark, 2004.
Kurtz, J. H.Offerings, Sacrifices and Worship in the Old Testament. Translated by James Martin. London: T&T Clark, 1863. Repr. Peabody, MA: Hendrickson, 1998.
Labuschagne, C. J. “‘You Shall Not Boil a Kid in Its Mother's Milk’: A New Proposal for the Origin of the Prohibition.” Pages 6–17 in The Scriptures and the Scrolls: Studies in Honor of A .S. van der Woude on the Occasion of His 65th Birthday. Edited by F. García Martínez, A. Hilhorst, and C. J. Labuschagne. Leiden: Brill, 1992.
Lange, Armin. “‘They Burn Their Sons and Daughters. That Was No Command of Mine’ (Jer 7:31): Child Sacrifice in the Hebrew Bible and in the Deuteronomistic Jeremiah Redaction.” Pages 109–32 in Human Sacrifice in Jewish and Christian Tradition. Edited by Karin Finsterbusch, Armin Lange, and K. F. Diethard Römheld. Leiden: Brill, 2007.
Lehman, Marjorie. “The Gendered Rhetoric of Sukkah Observance.” JQR 96 (2006): 309–35.
Leibowitz, Nehama. Studies in Vayikra (Leviticus). Translated and adapted from the Hebrew by Aryeh Newman. Israel: Ahava Press, 1980.
Leuchter, Mark and Jeremy Hutton, eds. Levites and Priests in Biblical History and Tradition. Atlanta: SBL, 2011.
Levenson, Jon D. The Death and Resurrection of the Beloved Son: The Transformation of Child Sacrifice in Judaism and Christianity. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1993.
Levine, Baruch A. In the Presence of the Lord: A Study of Cult and Some Cultic Terms in Ancient Israel. Leiden: Brill, 1974.
Levine, Baruch A. Leviticus. JPS Torah Commentary. Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society, 1989.
Levine, Baruch A. Numbers 1–20. Anchor Bible 4. New York: Doubleday, 1993.
Levine, Baruch A. Numbers 21–36. Anchor Bible 4A. New York: Doubleday, 2000.
Levine, Baruch A. “‘Seed’ versus ‘Womb’: Expressions of Male Dominance in Biblical Israel.” Pages 337–43 in Sex and Gender in the Ancient Near East. Edited by S. Parpola and R. M. Whiting. Helsinki: The Neo-Assyrian Text Corpus Project, 2002.
Levinson, Bernard. Deuteronomy and the Hermeneutics of Legal Innovation. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.
Levinson, Bernard, Victor H. Matthews and Tikva Frymer-Kensky, eds. Gender and Law in the Hebrew Bible and the Ancient Near East. JSOTSup 262. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1998.
Lipiński, Edward. Dieux et déesses de l'univers phénicienne et punique. Leuven, Belgium: Peeters, 1995.
Lundquist, John M. and Stephen D. Ricks, eds. By Study and Also by Faith; Vol. 1: Essays in Honor of Hugh W. Nibley on the Occasion of His Eightieth Birthday. Salt Lake City, UT: Deseret Book Co., 1990.
Maarsingh, B.Numbers: A Practical Commentary. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1987.
Macht, David I. “A Scientific Appreciation of Leviticus 12:1–5.” JBL 52 (1933): 253–60.
Maccoby, Hyam. Ritual & Morality: The Ritual Purity System and its Place in Judaism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.
Maekawa, Kazuya. “Animal and Human Castration at Sumer: Part I: Cattle (gu4) and Equids (ANŠE.DUN.GI, ANŠE. BARxAN) in Pre-Sargonic Lagash.” Zinbun 15 (1979): 95–137.
Maekawa, Kazuya. “Animal and Human Castration at Sumer: Part II: Human Castration in the Ur III Period,” Zinbun 16 (1980): 1–55.
Maekawa, Kazuya. “Female Weavers and Their Children in Lagash – Pre-Sargonic and Ur III.” ASJ 2 (1980): 81–125.
Maekawa, Kazuya. “Animal and Human Castration at Sumer: Part III: More Texts of Ur III Lagash on the Term amar-KUD.” Zinbun 18 (1982): 95–121.
Maekawa, Kazuya. “The Management of Fatted Sheep (udu-niga) in Ur III Girsu/Lagash.” ASJ 5 (1983): 81–111.
Maekawa, Kazuya. “The Management of Fatted Sheep (udu-niga) in Ur III Girsu/Lagash: Supplement (BM 17742 and BM 22807).” ASJ 6 (1984): 55–65.
Magness, Jodi and Seymour Gitin, eds. Hesed ve-Emet: Studies in Honor of Ernest S. Frerichs. BJS 320. Atlanta: Scholars Press/Brown University Press, 1998.
Magonet, Jonathan. “‘But if it Is a Girl, She Is Unclean for Twice Seven Days…’: The Riddle of Leviticus 12:5.” Pages 144–52 in Reading Leviticus: A Conversation with Mary Douglas. JSOTSup 227. Edited by John F. A. Sawyer. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1996.
Marsman, Hennie. Women in Ugarit and Israel: Their Social and Religious Position in the Context of the Ancient Near East. Leiden: Brill, 2003.
Martínez, F. García, A. Hilhorst, and C. J. Labuschagne, eds. The Scriptures and the Scrolls: Studies in Honor of A. S. van der Woude on the Occasion of His 65th Birthday. Leiden: Brill, 1992.
Marx, Alfred. “Sacrifice pour les péchés ou rites de passages?: Quelques réflexions sur la fonction du hatta't.” RB 96 (1989): 27–48.
Matthews, Victor H. “Honor and Shame in Gender Related Legal Situations in the Bible.” Pages 97–112 in Gender and Law in the Hebrew Bible and the Ancient Near East. Edited by Victor H. Matthews, Bernard M. Levinson, and Tikva Frymer-Kensky. JSOTSup 262. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1998.
McCaffrey, Kathleen. “Reconsidering Gender Ambiguity in Mesopotamia: Is a Beard Just a Beard?” Pages 379–91 in Sex and Gender in the Ancient Near East, Part II. Edited by S. Parpola and R. M. Whiting. Helsinki: The Neo-Assyrian Text Corpus Project, 2002.
McCarter, P. Kyle, Jr.I Samuel. AB 8. Garden City: Doubleday, 1980.
McCarthy, Dennis J. “The Symbolism of Blood and Sacrifice.” JBL 88 (1969): 166–76.
McCarthy, Dennis J. “Further Notes on the Symbolism of Blood and Sacrifice.” JBL 92 (1973): 205–10.
McClymond, Kathryn. Beyond Sacred Violence: A Comparative Study of Sacrifice. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2008.
McEvenue, Sean E. The Narrative Style of the Priestly Writer. Analecta Biblica 50. Rome: Biblical Institute Press, 1971.
Meigs, A. S. “A Papuan Perspective on Pollution.” Man 13 (1978): 304–18.
Meyers, Carol. “An Ethnoarchaeological Analysis of Hannah's Sacrifice.” Pages 77–91 in Pomegranates and Golden Bells: Studies in Biblical, Jewish, and Near Eastern Ritual, Law and Literature in Honor of Jacob Milgrom. Edited by David P. Wright, David Noel Freedman, and Avi Hurvitz. Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 1995.
Meyers, Carol. “The Hannah Narrative in Feminist Perspective.” Pages 117–26 in Go To the Land I Will Show You: Studies in Honor of Dwight D. Young. Edited by Joseph Coleson and Victor Matthews. Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbaruns, 1996.
Meyers, Carol. “From Household to House of Yahweh: Women's Religious Culture in Ancient Israel.” Pages 277–303 in Congress Volume Basil. Edited by A. Lemaire. Boston: Brill, 2002.
Meyers, Carol. Exodus. The New Cambridge Bible Commentary. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005.
Meyers, Carol. and Michael Patrick O’Connor, eds. The Word of the Lord Shall Go Forth: Essays in Honor of David Noel Freedman. Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 1983.
Mieroop, Marc Van De. “Sheep and Goat Herding According to the Old Babylonian Texts from Ur.” Bulletin of Sumerian Agriculture 7 (1993): 161–82.
Milgrom, Jacob. “Sacrifices and Offerings, OT.” IDB 4: 147–59.
Milgrom, Jacob. “Sin Offering or Purification Offering?” VT 21 (1971): 237–39.
Milgrom, Jacob. “Israel's Sanctuary: The Priestly ‘Picture of Dorian Gray.’” RB 83 (1976): 390–99. Repr. pages 75–84 in Studies in Cultic Theology and Terminology. Leiden: Brill, 1983.
Milgrom, Jacob. “The Paradox of the Red Cow (Num XIX)” VT 31 (1981): 62–72. Repr. pages 85–95 in Studies in Cultic Theology and Terminology. Leiden: Brill, 1983.
Milgrom, Jacob. “The Two Kinds of ḥaṭṭāʼt.” VT 26 (1976): 333–37. Repr. pages 70–74 in Studies in Cultic Theology and Terminology. Leiden: Brill, 1983.
Milgrom, Jacob. Studies in Cultic Theology and Terminology. Leiden: Brill, 1983.
Milgrom, Jacob. “Rationale for Cultic Law: The Case of Impurity.” Semeia 45 (1989): 103–09.
Milgrom, Jacob. “Milk and Meat: Unlikely Bedfellows.” Pages 144–54 in By Study and Also by Faith; Vol. 1: Essays in Honor of Hugh W. Nibley on the Occasion of His Eightieth Birthday. Edited by John M. Lundquist and Stephen D. Ricks. Salt Lake City, UT: Deseret Book Co., 1990.
Milgrom, Jacob. “The Modus Operandi of the ḥaṭṭāʼt: A Rejoinder.” JBL 109 (1990): 111–13.
Milgrom, Jacob. Numbers. The JPS Torah Commentary. Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society, 1990.
Milgrom, Jacob. Leviticus 1–16. AB 3. New York: Doubleday, 1991.
Milgrom, Jacob. “The Rationale for Levitical Impurity.” JANES 22 (1993): 107–11.
Milgrom, Jacob. “Confusing the Sacred and the Impure: A Rejoinder.” VT 44 (1994): 554–59.
Milgrom, Jacob. “The Changing Concept of Holiness in the Pentateuchal Codes with Emphasis on Leviticus 19.” Pages 65–75 in Reading Leviticus: A Conversation with Mary Douglas. Edited by J. F. A. Sawyer. JSOTSup 227. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic, 1996.
Milgrom, Jacob. “The Case of the Suspected Adulteress, Numbers 5:11–31: Redaction and Meaning.” Pages 475–82 in Women in the Hebrew Bible: A Reader. Edited by Alice Bach. New York: Routledge, 1999.
Milgrom, Jacob. Leviticus 17–22. AB 3A. New York: Doubleday, 2000.
Milgrom, Jacob. Leviticus 23–27. AB 3B. New York: Doubleday, 2001.
Milgrom, Jacob. “Were the Firstborn Sacrificed to YHWH? To Mōlek?: Popular Practice or Divine Command?” Pages 49–55 in Sacrifice in Religious Experience. Edited by Albert I. Baumgarten. Leiden: Brill, 2002.
Milgrom, Jacob and David P. Wright. “niddâ.” TDOT V: 232–34.
Miller, Patrick D. “Animal Names as Designations in Ugaritic and Hebrew.” UF 2 (1970): 177–86.
Morgenstern, Julian. Rites of Birth, Marriage, Death and Kindred Occasions among the Semites. Cincinnati, OH: Hebrew Union College Press, 1966.
Mosca, Paul G. “Child Sacrifice in Canaanite and Israelite Religion: A Study in Mulk and mlk.” Ph.D. Dissertation. Harvard University, 1975.
Moscati, P.Italia archaeologica, centri greci, punici, etruschi, italici. Novara: Istituto Geografico di Agostini, 1973.
Moyer, James C. “Hittite and Israelite Cultic Practices: A Selected Comparison.” Pages 19–38 in Scripture in Context II: More Essays on the Comparative Method. Edited by William W. Hallo, James C. Moyer, and Leo G. Purdue. Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 1983.
Mulder, M. J. “tōpet.” TDOT XV: 753–58.
Müller, Hans-Peter. “mōlek.” TDOT VII: 375–88.
Nachsoni, Yehuda. Studies in the Weekly Parashah Volume III: Vayikra. Translated by Shmuel Himelstein. Brooklyn: Mesorah, 1988.
Neusner, Jacob. The Idea of Purity in Ancient Judaism. Leiden: Brill, 1973.
Newsom, Carol A. and Sharon H. Ringe, eds. The Women's Bible Commentary. Louisville, KY: Westminster, 1992.
Niditch, Susan. War in the Hebrew Bible: A Study in the Ethics of Violence. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995.
Nihan, Christophe. From Priestly Torah to Pentateuch: A Study in the Composition of the Book of Leviticus. Tubingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2007.
Noordtzij, A.Leviticus. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 1982.
Noort, Ed. “Child Sacrifice in Ancient Israel: The Status Quaestionis.” Pages 103–26 in The Strange World of Human Sacrifice. Edited by Jan N. Bremmer. Leuven: Peeters, 2007.
Noth, Martin. Exodus: A Commentary. OTL. Translated by J. S. Bowden. Philadelphia: Westminster, 1962.
Noth, Martin. Leviticus: A Commentary. OTL. Translated by J. E. Anderson. Philadelphia: Westminster, 1965.
Noth, Martin. Numbers: A Commentary. OTL. Translated by James D. Martin. Philadelphia: Westminster, 1968.
Ochsenschlager, E. L. “Sheep: Ethnoarchaeology at Al-Hiba.” Bulletin of Sumerian Agriculture 7 (1993): 33–42.
O’Grady, Rosie. “The Semantics of Taboo: Menstrual Prohibitions in the Hebrew Bible.” Pages 1–28 in Wholly Woman, Holy Blood: A Feminist Critique of Purity and Impurity. Edited by Kristin De Troyer, Judith A. Herbert, Judith Ann Johnson, and Anne-Marie Korte. Harrisburg, PA: Trinity Press International, 2003.
Olson, Dennis T. Numbers. Interpretation Series. Louisville, KY: John Knox, 1996.
Olyan, Saul M. Asherah and the Cult of Yahweh in Biblical Israel. SBLM 34. Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1988.
Olyan, Saul M. Biblical Mourning: Ritual and Social Dimensions. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994.
Olyan, Saul M. “What Do Shaving Rites Accomplish and What Do They Signal in Biblical Ritual Contexts?” JBL 117 (1998): 611–22.
Olyan, Saul M. Rites and Rank: Hierarchy in Biblical Representations of Cult. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2000.
Ortner, Sherri. “Is Female to Male as Nature Is to Culture?” Feminist Studies 1 (1972): 5–31.
Osborne, Robin. “Women and Sacrifice in Ancient Greece.” The Classical Quarterly 43 (1993): 392–405.
Parpola, S. and R. M. Whiting, eds. Sex and Gender in the Ancient Near East, Parts I & 2. Helsinki: The Neo-Assyrian Text Corpus Project, 2002.
Patai, Raphael. “The ‘Eglah ‘Arufa or the Expiation of the Polluted Land.” JQR 30 (1939): 59–67.
Payne, Sebastian. “Kill-Off Patterns in Sheep and Goats: The Mandibles from Aşvan Kale.” Anatolian Studies 23: 281–303.
Peritz, Ismar J. “Woman in the Ancient Hebrew Cult.” JBL 17 (1898): 111–48.
Péter-Contesse, René. “pr et šwr: Note de lexicographie hébraïque.” VT 25 (1975): 486–96.
Péter-Contesse, René. “Quels animaux Israel offrait-il en sacrifice? Etude de lexicographie hébraïque.” Pages 67–77 in Studien zu Opfer und Kult im alten Testament. Edited by Adrian Schenker. Tubingen: Mohr, 1992.
Péter-Contesse, René and J. Ellington. A Translator's Handbook on Leviticus. New York: United Bible Societies, 1990.
Philip, Tarja S. Menstruation and Childbirth in the Bible: Fertility and Impurity. New York: Peter Lang, 2006.
Phipps, William. “The Menstrual Taboo in the Judeo-Christian Tradition.” Journal of Religion and Health 19 (1980): 298–303.
Plaskow, Judith. Standing Again at Sinai: Judaism from a Feminist Perspective. San Francisco: HarperSan Francisco, 1990.
Plaskow, Judith and Joan Arnold, eds. Women and Religion: Papers of the Working Group on Women and Religion. Missoula, MO: Scholars Press, 1974.
Pomeroy, Sarah B., ed. Women's History and Ancient History. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1991.
Poorthius, M. J. H. M. and J. Schwartz, eds. Purity and Holiness: The Heritage of Leviticus. Leiden: Brill, 2000.
Pope, Marvin H. Job. AB 15. Garden City: Doubleday, 1965.
Propp, William H.C.Exodus1–18. AB 2. New York: Doubleday, 1998.
Propp, William H.C.. “Milk and Honey: Biblical Comfort Food.” BR 15 (1999): 16, 54.
Propp, William H.C.. Exodus 19–40. AB 2A. New York: Doubleday, 2006.
Quaegebeur, Jan, ed. Ritual and Sacrifice in the Ancient Near East. Leuven: Peeters, 1993.
Raab, Kelley. “Nancy Jay and a Feminist Psychology of Sacrifice.” JFSR 13 (1997): 75–89.
Rad, Gerhard Von. Deuteronomy: A Commentary. OTL. Translated by Dorothea Barton. Philadelphia: Westminster, 1966.
Rainey, A. F. “The Order of Sacrifices in Old Testament Rituals.” Biblica 51 (1970): 485–98.
Rappaport, Roy A. Ecology, Meaning and Religion. Berkeley, CA: North Atlantic Books, 1979.
Ratner, R. and B. Zuckerman, “‘A Kid in Milk?’ New Photographs of KTU 1.23, Line 14.” HUCA 57 (1986): 15–60.
Rendtorff, Rolf. Studien zur Geschichte des Opfers im Alten Testament. Neukirchen-Vluyn: Neukirchener Verlag, 1967.
Rendtorff, Rolf. The Problem of the Process of Transmission in the Pentateuch. JSOTSupp 89. Sheffield: JSOT Press, 1990.
Rendtorff, Rolf and Robert A. Kugler, eds. The Book of Leviticus: Composition and Reception. Leiden: Brill, 2003.
Reynolds, Bennie H. “Molek: Dead or Alive?: The Meaning and Derivation of mlk and mlk.” Pages 133–50 in Human Sacrifice in Jewish and Christian Tradition. Edited by Karin Finsterbusch, Armin Lange, and K. F. Diethard Römheld. Leiden: Brill, 2007.
Rigby, P. “A Structural Analysis of Old Testament Sacrifice and Its Other Institutions.” Eglise et Theologie 11 (1980): 299–351.
Rodriguez, A. M.Substitution in the Hebrew Cultus. Andrews University Seminary Doctoral Dissertation Series 3. Berrien Springs, MI: Andrews University Press, 1979.
Roller, Lynn E. “The Ideology of the Eunuch Priest.” Pages 118–35 in Gender and the Body in the Ancient Mediterranean. Edited by Maria Wyke. London: Blackwell, 1998.
Römer, Thomas, ed. The Books of Leviticus and Numbers. Leuven: Peeters, 2008.
Roscoe, Will. “Priests of the Goddess: Gender Transgression in Ancient Religion.” History of Religions 35 (1996): 195–230.
Ross, Allan P. Holiness to the LORD: A Guide to the Exposition of the Book of Leviticus. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker, 2002.
Rost, Leonhard. “Weidewechsel und altisraelitischer Festkalender.” ZDPV 66 (1943): 205–15. Repr. in pages 101–11 in Das Kleine Credo und andere Studien zum Alten Testament. Heidelberg: Quelle & Meyer, 1965.
Rouwhorst, Gerard. “Leviticus 12–15 in Early Christianity.” Pages 181–93 in Purity and Holiness: The Heritage of Leviticus. Edited by M. J. H. M. Poorthius and J. Schwartz. Leiden: Brill, 2000.
Ruane, Nicole J. “‘Male without Blemish’: Sacrifice and Gender Ideologies in Priestly Ritual Law.” Ph.D. Dissertation. Union Theological Seminary, 2004.
Ruane, Nicole J. “Bathing, Status and Gender in Priestly Ritual.” Pages 66–81 in A Question of Sex?: Gender and Difference in the Hebrew Bible and Beyond. Edited by Deborah W. Rooke. Sheffield: Sheffield Phoenix, 2007.
Rushton, Kathleen P. “The Woman in Childbirth in John 16:21: A Feminist Reading in (Pro)creative Boundary Crossing.” Pages 77–98 in Wholly Woman, Holy Blood: A Feminist Critique of Purity and Impurity. Edited by Kristin De Troyer, Judith A. Herbert, Ann Johnson, and Anne-Marie Korte. Harrisburg, PA: Trinity Press International, 2003.
Sakenfeld, Katharine Doob. “Numbers.” Pages 45–51 in The Women's Bible Commentary. Edited by Carol A. Newsom and Sharon H. Ringe. Louisville, KY: Westminster, 1992.
Sarna, Nahum M. Exodus. The JPS Torah Commentary. Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society, 1991.
Sasson, Jack M. “Numbers 5 and the ‘Waters of Judgment’.” BZ 16 (1972): 249–51. Repr. pages 483–86 in Alice Bach, ed., Women in the Hebrew Bible: A Reader. New York: Routledge, 1999.
Sasson, Jack M. “Ritual Wisdom?: On ‘Seething a Kid in its Mother's Milk.’” Pages 294–308 in Kein Land für sich allein: Studien zum Kulturkontakt in Kanaan, Israel/Palästina und Ebirnari für Manfred Weippert zum 65. Geburtstag. Edited by Ulrich Hübner and Ernst Axel Knauf. Freiburg: Universitätsverlag, 2002.
Sawyer, J. F. A., ed. Reading Leviticus: A Conversation with Mary Douglas. JSOTSup 227. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic, 1996.
Schaeffer, Claude. Oral communication to the Académie des Inscriptions reported in Comptes rendus de l’Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres I. Paris: Auguste Durand, 1956, 67.
Schearing, Linda S. “Double Time…Double Trouble?: Gender, Sin, and Leviticus 12.” Pages 429–50 in The Book of Leviticus: Composition and Reception. Edited by Rolf Rendtorff and Robert A. Kugler. Leiden: Brill, 2003.
Shectman, Sarah and Joel S. Baden, eds. The Strata of the Priestly Writings: Contemporary Debate and Future Directions. Zurich: Theologischer Verlag, 2009.
Shectman, Sarah. “The Social Status of Priestly and Levite Women.” Pages 83–99 in Levites and Priests in Biblical History and Tradition. Edited by Mark Leuchter and Jeremy M. Hutton. Atlanta: SBL, 2011.
Schenker, Adrian, ed. Studien zu Opfer und Kult im alten Testament. Tubingen: Mohr, 1992.
Schenker, Adrian. “Interprétations récentes et dimensions spécifique du sacrifice ḥaṭṭat.” Biblica 75 (1994): 59–70.
Schenker, Adrian. “What Connects the Incest Prohibitions with the Other Prohibitions Listed in Leviticus 18 and 20?” Pages 162–88 in The Book of Leviticus: Composition and Reception. Edited by Rolf Rendtdorff and Robert A. Kugler. Leiden: Brill, 2003.
Schmidt, Brian B. Israel's Beneficent Dead: Ancestor Cult and Necromancy in Ancient Israelite Religion and Tradition. Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 1996.
Schwartz, J. H., F. Houghton, R. Macchiarelli, and L. Bondioli. “Skeletal Remains from Punic Carthage Do Not Support Systematic Sacrifice of Infants.” PLoS ONE 5(2): e9177. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0009177 (2010).
Scurlock, JoAnn. “Animal Sacrifices in Ancient Mesopotamian Religion.” Pages 389–404 in A History of the Animal World in the Ancient Near East. Edited by Billie Jean Collins. Leiden: Brill, 2002.
Sered, Susan. “Towards a Gendered Typology of Sacrifice: Women & Feasting, Men & Death in an Okinawan Village.” Pages 13–38 in Sacrifice in Religious Experience. Edited by Albert Baumgarten. Boston: Brill, 2002.
Seters, John Van. “The Law on Child Sacrifice in Exodus 22,28b-29.” ETL 74 (1998): 364–72.
Seters, John Van. Prologue to History: The Yahwist as Historian in Genesis. Zurich: Theologischer Verlag, 1992.
Sklar, Jay. Sin, Impurity, Sacrifice, Atonement: The Priestly Conceptions. Sheffield: Sheffield Phoenix, 2005.
Smelik, Klaas, “Moloch, Molech or Molk-Sacrifice? A Reassessment of the Evidence Concerning the Hebrew Term Molekh.” SJOT 9 (1995): 133–92.
Smith, Jonathan Z. “The Bare Facts of Ritual.” History of Religions 20 (1980): 112–27.
Smith, Jonathan Z. “The Domestication of Sacrifice.” Pages 191–205 in Violent Origins: Walter Burkert, René Girard, and Jonathan Z. Smith on Ritual Killing and Cultural Formation. With an Introduction by Burton Mack and a Commentary by Renato Rosaldo. Edited by Robert G. Hammerton-Kelly. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1987.
Smith, Jonathan Z. To Take Place: Toward Theory in Ritual. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1992.
Smith, Mark. The Early History of God: Yahweh and the Other Deities in Ancient Israel. 2nd edition. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2002.
Smith, Morton. “A Note on Burning Babies.” JAOS 95 (1975): 477–79.
Smith, W. Robertson. The Religion of the Semites: The Fundamental Institutions. New York: Meridian, 1956.
Snaith, Norman. H. “Sacrifices in the Old Testament.” VT 7 (1957): 308–17.
Snaith, Norman. H. “The Sin Offering and the Guilt Offering.” VT 15 (1965): 73–80.
Snaith, Norman. H. Leviticus and Numbers. London: Thomas Nelson and Sons, 1967.
Snaith, Norman. H. “The Meaning of Seirim.” VT 25 (1975): 115–18.
Snell, Daniel C. “The Rams of Lagash.” ASJ 8 (1986): 133–217.
Soden, Wolfram Von. The Ancient Orient: An Introduction to the Study of the Ancient Near East. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1985.
Soler, Jean. “The Semiotics of Food in the Bible.” Pages 126–38 in Food and Drink in History: Selections from the Annales, Economies, Societes, Civilisations, Vol. 5. Edited by Robert Forster and Orest A. Ranum. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1979.
Soskice, J. M., ed. After Eve: Women, Theology and the Christian Traditions. London: Marshall Pickering, 1990.
Stager, Lawrence E. “The Rite of Child Sacrifice at Carthage.” Pages 1–11 in New Light on Ancient Carthage. Edited by J. G. Pedley. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1980
Stager, Lawrence E and Samuel R. Wolff. “Child Sacrifice at Carthage – Religious Rite or Population Control?: Archaeological Evidence Provides Basis for a New Analysis.” BAR 10/1 (1984): 31–51.
Stanton, Elizabeth Cady. The Woman's Bible. New York: European Pub. Co., 1895. Repr. with a Foreword by Maureen Fitzgerald. Boston: Northeastern University Press, 1993.
Stavrakopoulou, Francesca. King Manasseh and Child Sacrifice: Biblical Distortions of Historical Realities. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 2004.
Stol, Marten. “Milk, Butter and Cheese.” Bulletin on Sumerian Agriculture 7 (1993): 99--113.
Stowers, Stanley. “Greeks Who Sacrifice and Those Who Do Not: Towards an Anthropology of Greek Religion.” Pages 293–333 in The Social World of the First Christians: Essays in Honor of Wayne Meeks. Edited by L. Michael White and O. L. Yarbrough. Minneapolis, MN: Fortress, 1995.
Stowers, Stanley. “On the Comparison of Blood in Greek and Israelite Ritual.” Pages 179–91 in Hesed ve-Emet: Studies in Honor of Ernest S. Frerichs. Edited by Jodi Magness and Seymour Gitin. Brown Judaic Studies 320. Atlanta: Scholars Press/Brown University Press, 1998.
Sturdy, John. Numbers. The Cambridge Bible Commentary. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1976.
Tadmor, Hayim. “Was the Biblical sārîs a Eunuch?” Pages 317–25 in Solving Riddles and Untying Knots: Biblical, Epigraphic, and Semitic Studies in Honor of Jonas C. Greenfield. Edited by Ziony Zevit, Seymour Gitin, and Michael Sokoloff. Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 1995.
Tadmor, Hayim. “The Role of the Chief Eunuch and the Place of Eunuchs in the Assyrian Empire.” Pages 603–11 in Sex and Gender in the Ancient Near East, Part II. Edited by S. Parpola and R. M. Whiting. Helsinki: The Neo-Assyrian Text Corpus Project, 2002.
Toombs, L. E. “Red Heifer.” IDB 4:18–19.
Toorn, Karel Van Der. “sheger.” Columns 1437–40 in DDD.
Toorn, Karel Van Der. “Female Prostitution in Payment of Vows in Ancient Israel.” JBL 108 (1989): 193–205.
Trible, Phyllis. “The Sacrifice of Sarah.” Pages 170–191 in “Not in Heaven”: Coherence and Complexity in Biblical Narrative. Edited by Jason P. Rosenblatt and Joseph C. Sitterson Jr.Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1991. Repr. pages 271–90 in Women in the Hebrew Bible: A Reader. Edited by Alice Bach. New York: Routledge, 1999.
Troyer, Kristin De. “Blood: A Threat to Holiness or toward (Another) Holiness?” Pages 45–64 in Wholly Woman, Holy Blood: A Feminist Critique of Purity and Impurity. Edited by Kristin De Troyer, Judith A. Herbert, Ann Johnson, and Anne-Marie Korte. Harrisburg, PA: Trinity Press International, 2003.
Troyer, Kristin De, Judith A. Herbert, Ann Johnson, and Anne-Marie Korte, eds. Wholly Woman, Holy Blood: A Feminist Critique of Purity and Impurity. Harrisburg, PA: Trinity Press International, 2003.
Turner, Victor. The Forest of Symbols: Aspects of Ndembu Ritual. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1967.
Turner, Victor. The Ritual Process: Structure and Anti-Structure. Chicago: Aldine, 1969.
Van Straten, Folkert T. Hiera Kala: Images of Animal Sacrifice in Archaic and Classical Greece. Leiden: Brill, 1995.
Vaux, Roland De. Ancient Israel: Its Life and Institutions. Trans. John McHugh. London: Darton, Longman and Todd, 1961.
Vaux, Roland De. Studies in Old Testament Sacrifice. Cardiff: University of Wales, 1964.
Virolleaud, Charles. “La Naissance des Dieux Gracieux et Beaux.” Syria: Revue d’Art Oriental et d’Archéologie 14 (1933): 128–51.
Vos, Clarence J. Woman in Old Testament Worship. Delft: Brinkman, 1968.
Vriezen, T. “The Term Hizza: Lustration and Consecration.” OTS 7 (1950): 201–35.
Wächter, L. “ʻāpār.” TDOT XI: 257–65.
Walle, Etienne Van De and Elisha O. Renne, eds. Regulating Menstruation: Beliefs, Practices, Interpretations. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2001.
Waltke, Bruce K. and M. O’Connor. An Introduction to Biblical Hebrew Syntax. Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 1990.
Wapnish, Paula and Brian Hesse. “Urbanization and the Organization of Animal Production at Tell Jemmeh in the Middle Bronze Age Levant.” JNES 47 (1988): 81–94.
Watts, James W. Reading Law: The Rhetorical Shaping of the Pentateuch. JSOTSupp 235. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1999.
Watts, James W. Ritual and Rhetoric in Leviticus: From Sacrifice to Scripture. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007.
Watts, James W. Leviticus. HCOT. Leuven: Peeters, forthcoming.
Wefing, Sabina. “Beobachtungen zum Ritual der roten Kuh (Num. 19 1–10a),” ZAW 93 (1981): 341–64.
Wegner, Judith Romney. Chattel or Person?: The Status of Women in the Mishnah. New York: Oxford University Press, 1988.
Wegner, Judith Romney. “‘Coming before the LORD’: The Exclusion of Women from the Public Domain of the Israelite Priestly Cult. ” Pages 451–66 in The Book of Leviticus: Composition and Reception. Edited by Rolf Rendtorff and Robert A. Kugler. Leiden: Brill, 2003.
Weinfeld, Moshe. Deuteronomy and the Deuteronomic School. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1972.
Weinfeld, Moshe. “The Worship of Molech and the Queen of Heaven and Its Background.” UF (1972): 133–54.
Weinfeld, Moshe. “Burning Babies in Ancient Israel.” UF 10 (1979): 411–13.
Wellhausen, Julius. Prolegomena to the History of Ancient Israel. 1st English edition. New York: Meridian, 1957.
Wenham, Gordon J. The Book of Leviticus. NICOT 3. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1979.
Wenham, Gordon J. Numbers: An Introduction and Commentary. Tyndale Old Testament Commentaries. London: InterVarsity Press, 1981.
Wenham, Gordon J. “Why Does Sexual Intercourse Defile? (Lev. 15:18),” ZAW 95 (1983): 432–35.
Westenholz, Joan Goodnick. “Tamar, Qĕdēšā, Qadištu, and Sacred Prostitutes in Mesopotamia,” HTR 82 (1989): 245–65.
White, Hugh. “The Initiation Legend of Isaac,” ZAW 91 (1979): 1–30.
White, Hugh. “The Initiation Legend of Ishmael,” ZAW 87 (1985): 267–305.
White, Michael and O. L. Yarbrough, eds. The Social World of the First Christians: Essays in Honor of Wayne Meeks. Minneapolis, MN: Fortress, 1995.
Whitekettle, Richard. “Leviticus 15.18 Reconsidered: Chiasm, Spatial Structure and the Body.” JSOT 49 (1991): 31–45.
Whitekettle, Richard. “Leviticus 12 and the Israelite Woman: Ritual Process, Liminality and the Womb,” ZAW 107 (1995): 393–408.
Whitekettle, Richard. “Levitical Thought and the Female Reproductive Cycle: Wombs, Wellsprings, and the Primeval World.” VT 46 (1996): 376–91.
Whittaker, C. R., ed. Pastoral Economies in Classical Antiquity (Greece and Rome). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988.
Whybray, Roger N. The Making of the Pentateuch: A Methodological Study. JSOTSup 53. Sheffield: JSOT Press, 1987.
Wright, David P. “Purification from Corpse-Contamination in Num. XXXI 19–24.” VT 35 (1985): 213–23.
Wright, David P. “Deuteronomy 21:1–9 as a Rite of Elimination.” CBQ 49 (1987): 387–403.
Wright, David P. “Azazel.” ABD I: 536–37.
Wright, David P. “Heifer, Red.” ABD III: 115–16.
Wright, David P. “Unclean and Clean (OT).” ABD VI: 729–41.
Wright, David P. “Water for Impurity.” ABD VI: 882.
Wright, David P. The Disposal of Impurity: Elimination Rites in the Bible and in Hittite and Mesopotamian Literature. SBL Dissertation Series 101. Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1987.
Wright, David P. “The Spectrum of Priestly Impurity.” Pages 150–81 in Priesthood and Cult in Ancient Israel. Edited by Gary A. Anderson and Saul M. Olyan. JSOTSup 125. Sheffield: JSOT, 1991.
Wright, David P. “Holiness, Sex and Death in the Garden of Eden.” Biblica 77 (1996): 305–29.
Wright, David P and Jacob Milgrom. “niddâ.” TDOT V: 232–35.
Wright, David P and Richard N. Jones. “Leprosy.” ABD IV: 277–82.
Wright, David P and Richard N. Jones. “Discharge.” ABD II: 204–07.
Wright, Lawrence. “Letter from Jerusalem, ‘Forcing the End.’” The New Yorker, July 20, 1998: 42–53.
Yamauchi, Edwin M. “Was Nehemiah the Cupbearer a Eunuch?” ZAW 92 (1980): 132–42.
Young, Frank W. and Albert A. Bacdayan. “Menstrual Taboos and Social Rigidity.” Ethnology 4 (1965): 225–60.
Zevit, Ziony. “The ‘eglâ Ritual of Deuteronomy 21:1–9.” JBL 95 (1976): 377–90.
Zevit, Ziony. The Religions of Ancient Israel: A Synthesis of Parallactic Approaches. London: Continuum, 2001.
Zevit, Ziony, Seymour Gitin, and Michael Sokolov, eds. Solving Riddles and Untying Knots: Biblical, Epigraphic, and Semitic Studies in Honor of Jonas C. Greenfield. Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 1995.
Zimmerli, Walther. Ezekiel: A Commentary on the Book of the Prophet Ezekiel Vol. 1. Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1979.
Zobel, H.-J. “ʻēz” TDOT XI: 577–83.
Zohar, N. “Repentance and Purification: The Significance and Semantics of ḥaṭṭāʼt in the Pentateuch.” JBL 107 (1988): 609–18.
