In view of the diversity of settings that may exist both within and across countries on a worldwide scale, providing a broad perspective on the Eastern and Western educational systems within which the notion of bullying in schools can be considered is not straightforward. Some basic parameters linked to the structure of different educational systems are outlined in this chapter. It covers: economic and international context; responsibility for schooling and types of schooling available in each country; levels of education and student age; the school years and compulsory education; school enrolment rates; student cohorting and year groupings; school year, or grade, retention/repetition; school year grouping and level of education; school groupings for secondary education; class groupings; organisational structures for education; school transfer; school size; class size; duration and structure of the school day (with two illustrative case studies from Finland and Japan); and break times and their supervision. Although historic and cultural traditions can give rise to differences in the way that educational systems including schools are organised and some country-specific trends are discernible, there are also many broad similarities across all of the countries considered.