This chapter addresses the problem of multifaceted or polycentric international water disputes, which by their nature pose difficulties for judges in adjudicating these types of conflicts. These disutes pose unique challenges f Adjudicating Transboundary Water DisputesOne also discusses this work’s hypothesis that non-court adjudicative fora, such as ad hoc arbitral tribunals, and the non-confrontational Canadian – U.S. International Joint Commission (“IJC”) and Mexican – U.S. International Boundary Waters Commission (“IBWC”), are much more effective in resolving polycentric transboundary natural resource and environmental disputes. I. The Unique Challenges of Adjudicating Transboundary Water Disputes