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Les recherches sur les intimités interraciales en contexte colonial s’intéressent généralement à des cas de litiges administratifs ou de conflits judiciaires qui ont attiré l’attention des autorités coloniales vis-à-vis de certains « couples mixtes », « familles multiraciales » et autres individus « métis ». Mais qu’en est-il de la vie et de l’expérience de celles et ceux qui n’ont pas contesté leur statut légal et sont restés sous le « radar administratif », demeurant ainsi virtuellement invisibles dans les archives de l’État colonial ? Cet article aborde ces questions dans le cadre de la colonie française de Nouvelle-Calédonie, en analysant la trajectoire d’un foyer familial établi à l’abri des regards officiels, composé d’un colon français, d’une femme autochtone kanak et de leurs descendants. L’objectif est ici de comprendre ce que ce phénomène de relative invisibilité sociale révèle de la portée et des limites de la domination coloniale « au ras du sol ». Croisant enquête ethnographique de terrain et recherche en archives, l’article retrace les conditions dans lesquelles cette configuration familiale a pu émerger puis se maintenir pendant plus de cinquante ans. Elle a finalement disparu après la mort du colon français, lorsque chacun des deux groupes familiaux élargis – du côté européen et du côté kanak – a œuvré, à des degrés divers, à l’effacement de ce passé gênant au sein de leurs mondes sociaux respectifs.
As we celebrate the fiftieth anniversary of the History of Economics Society (HES), this issue of the Journal of the History of Economic Thought marks a significant milestone. The journal, as the official publication of the society, seeks to participate in commemorating this important occasion and acknowledging the society’s substantial contributions to the scholarly community over the past five decades. The society’s efforts have not only advanced research in the history of economic thought but have also fostered a vibrant intellectual community of historians and economists.
Les religions antiques, en particulier polythéistes, constituent des systèmes particulièrement complexes, une pluralité de dieux renfermant chacun une pluralité d’aspects. La prise en compte des multiples noms de ces divinités offre un aperçu des modes de représentation et d’organisation des systèmes de dieux. C’est à l’étude de ces matériaux onomastiques que s’est attelé le projet « Mapping Ancient Polytheisms. Cult Epithets as an Interface Between Religious Systems and Human Agency » (MAP, 2017-2023), concentré sur les mondes grecs et ouest-sémitiques. Le principal résultat de ce projet est la base de données MAP qui répertorie les noms divins mentionnés dans plusieurs milliers de sources, en particulier épigraphiques. Devant une telle masse de données, comment articuler leur étude quantitative et qualitative ? Comment hiérarchiser les informations et les divinités ? L’objectif de cet article est donc double : d’un point de vue méthodologique, il s’agit de mettre en évidence l’utilité mais aussi les limites et les biais de la base de données MAP dès lors qu’on s’attache à comprendre la structuration des panthéons. D’un point de vue thématique, il s’agit d’analyser la manière dont les données recueillies donnent à voir, à diverses échelles, des réseaux au sein desquels les dieux se positionnent les uns par rapport aux autres et de possibles hiérarchies sous-jacentes. Quatre cas d’étude servent à explorer cette question : Artémis Ephesia à Éphèse ; Zeus Panamaros et Hécate à Stratonicée ; une comparaison entre la place d’Athéna et d’Asclépios dans leur sanctuaire respectif de Lindos et d’Épidaure ; et l’examen des titres soulignant le rang d’une divinité au Proche-Orient et en Égypte.
How should we understand Europe's special role in world history, and the enduring impact it made on the rest of the globe? Jerrold Seigel traces both the positive and negative sides of the continent's special role to its absence of effective central authority, the division and competition between its states and peoples, and its propensity for developing autonomous spheres of activity. Remaking the World analyzes how these features fostered Europe's characteristic preoccupation with a politics of liberty, its evolution of an aesthetic sphere animated by values specific to itself, its singular capacity to revolutionize scientific understanding, and its ability to prepare and carry out the first transition to a modern industrial economy. Extended and substantive comparisons with Africa, India, China, and the lands that came under the rule of the Ottomans demonstrate the absence of similar phenomena elsewhere, whereas in Europe they also helped generate the malign force of imperial expansion.
The Architectural Image and Early Modern Science: Wendel Dietterlin and the Rise of Empirical Investigation explores how architectural media came to propel scientific discourse between the eras of Dürer and of Rubens. It is also the first English-language book to feature the polymathic, eccentric, and long-misunderstood artist Wendel Dietterlin (c. 1550–1599). Here, Elizabeth J. Petcu reveals how architectural paintings, drawings, sculptures, and prints became hotbeds of early modern empiricism, the idea that knowledge derives from sensory experience. She demonstrates how Dietterlin's empirical imagery of architecture came into dialogue with the image-making practices of early modern scientists, a rapport that foreshadowed the intimate relationships between architecture and science today. Petcu's astute insights offer historians of art, science, and architecture a new framework for understanding the role of architectural images in the foundations of modern science. She also provides a coherent narrative regarding the interplay between early modern art, architecture, and science as a catalyst for modern empirical philosophy.
The Coming of the Kingdom explores the experiences of the Indigenous Muisca peoples of the New Kingdom of Granada (Colombia) during the first century of Spanish colonial rule. Focusing on colonialism, religious reform, law, language, and historical writing, Juan F. Cobo Betancourt examines the introduction and development of Christianity among the Muisca, who from the 1530s found themselves at the center of the invaders' efforts to transform them into tribute-paying Catholic subjects of the Spanish crown. The book illustrates how successive generations of missionaries and administrators approached the task of drawing the Muisca peoples to Catholicism at a time when it was undergoing profound changes, and how successive generations of the Muisca interacted with the practices and ideas that the invaders attempted to impose, variously rejecting or adopting them, transforming and translating them, and ultimately making them their own. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
This article examines the corruption scandal that exploded in 1889 with the apprehension of Arthur Crawford and the dismissal of several Mamlatdars in colonial western India. Using Ian Hacking's concept of “making up people” and the “looping effect,” this article demonstrates the instability of categories such as corruption and suggests that the everyday life of empire was undergirded by the colonial construction of deviancy to normalize the exceptionality of foreign rule. Additionally, the Crawford-Mamlatdar corruption scandal undercut the imperial ideology of the modernizing state. The corruption network revealed the simultaneity of imperial bureaucratic rationality along with the traditional patronage structures based on indigenous sexual and filial (caste) ties. It was precisely the British investigation that also revealed the reality of the homosocial empire and its privileging of caste recruitments. The Indian challenge to the case brought together rural and urban groups signalling the ascendance of a nationalistic solidarity. The Indians queried the imperial claims of moral superiority. At the same time, they acknowledged “native vulnerabilities” towards corruption, confirming the British stereotype of Indians as inherently corrupt. These selective claims, indicative of the emergence of upper caste, urban, and bourgeois notion of public virtue, signified the iterative nature of the “looping effect.”
The current scholarship on Ku Hung-Ming (1857–1928) as a translator and a historical figure has been constrained by identity politics and has viewed his translations and writings as a passive response to the challenge of the Western powers from a Chinese nationalist, or as a process of Ku's identity-building. This article goes beyond these constraints and recognises Ku as an active critic of Western modernity. By drawing on narrative theory, it investigates Ku's three broad choices regarding his translated Confucian classics—translation directionality, the invocation of Goethe, and the use of language mixing on the title pages and/or in the front matter—to demonstrate that Ku's translation agenda was to critique Western modernity. This article constitutes a paradigm shift in the research on Ku's translation of Confucian classics, and challenges what I call the ‘eccentricity thesis’ in Ku Hung-Ming studies to raise awareness of Ku as a critic of modernity.
Based on various archival and non-archival records, oral testimonies and travel accounts, some of which are used for the first time, this book explores the historical migration of Bengalis and their diasporic experiences in Malaysia, Singapore and Brunei, covering a period from the mid-nineteenth to the late twentieth century. Despite the tremendous historical mobility of the Bengalis in the Malay world and their contemporary salience, as reflected in the region's more-than-a-million-strong Bengali diaspora, their historical contribution remains almost unseen. This book addresses this lacuna by exploring the connections between Bengal and Malaya. The book further examines the formation of a Bengali social, political, economic and cultural space within the diverse South Asian diaspora during the colonial and postcolonial periods. The study contributes to the recent flourishing of mobility studies, cosmopolitanism, ethnic studies, connected histories and transnational histories in modern Asia.
This book examines the construction of space and place in early China and the ancient Mediterranean through the lens of performances conducted in specific locations. It highlights conceptions of place and performance, seeing both as crucial to the production of cultural meaning and communal cohesion, and as heavily dependent on the prevailing political culture. Whether urban or rural, global or local, central or fringe, public or private, real or imagined, theatrical or ritual, the places and performances highlighted serve to show both commonalities and differences between the ancient Mediterranean and early China. The range of places of comparison is also very diverse, including roads, gardens, neighbourhoods, hydraulic infrastructures, funerary performance, spectacles at court, and the everyday display of authority through clothing and fashion. This title is part of the Flip it Open Programme and may also be available Open Access. Check our website Cambridge Core for details.
Often referred to as the 'Oil Century,' the twentieth century marked the rise of petroleum as a pivotal force in global economics and politics. While many studies have explored the political relations between oil corporations and the Iranian state, this innovative book builds an intricate picture of the social history of petroleum in Iran, after its discovery there in 1908. Through expert interviews and on-the-ground reports, Touraj Atabaki shows the seismic impact of oil: from the building of roads to an influx of migrant labour. Offering insights into the lives and challenges of oil workers alongside analysis of wider geopolitical conflicts, Toiling for Oil traverses two world wars, industrialisation and modernisation, attempts at nationalisation in the 1950s and the political crises of the late 1970s. An essential read for anyone interested in Iran's unique position in the global economic landscape as oil continues to shape our world.