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Why did the nonviolent Meerut mutiny of 1857 in India explode into a violent military revolt which quickly spread into a subcontinental war that threatened to destroy the British Empire from within? Breaking new ground on the events of 10th May, William Pinch re-examines the evidence, shifting our focus toward the identity of female participants and their actions in the hours before the revolt began. Drawing upon a wide range of sources, including Hindi folksongs, military records, police reports, literary fiction, and Urdu memoir, he creates snapshots from the perspective of key figures to uncover the social and emotional world of the military 'cantonment' and its rural hinterland. By foregrounding the lives of ordinary 'military women' and 'their men'-the Indian sepoys who peopled the revolt-Pinch challenges conventional narratives and guides readers through the literary and historiographical echoes of the fateful decision to take up arms against the British.
Soldiers and Bushmen: The Australian Army in the South Africa, 1899–1902 examines the commitment to what was expected to be a short war. It presents a thematic, analytical history of the birth of the Australian Army in South Africa, while exploring the Army's evolution from colonial units into a consolidated federal force. Soldiers and Bushmen investigates the establishment of the 'bushmen experiment' – the belief that the unique qualities of rural Australians would solve tactical problems on the veldt. This, in turn, influenced ideals around leadership, loyalty and traditional combat that fed the mythology of the Australians as natural soldiers. The book also examines the conduct of the war itself: how the Army adapted to the challenges of a battlefield transformed by technology, and the moral questions posed by the transition to fighting a counterinsurgency campaign.
Volume X of The Cambridge History of International Law offers a comprehensive and critical discussion of the history of international law in the interwar period to date. Bringing together scholars across various disciplines, the volume aims to go beyond the well-established cliché of the failure of the League of Nations and discusses the huge impact this period had on the post-WWII international legal order. It focuses on the League of Nations as an important milestone to be studied, analysed, and understood in its own right. Using a global perspective, the volume sheds light on the different branches of international law in this dynamic period, during which the discipline underwent a qualitative leap.
Volume II of The Cambridge History of Strategy focuses on the practice of strategy from 1800 to the present day. A team of eminent scholars examine how leaders of states, empires and non-state groups (such as guerrilla forces, rebel groups and terrorists) have attempted to practise strategy in the modern period. With a focus on the actual 'doing' of strategy, the volume aims to understand real-world experiences when ideas about conflict are carried out against a responding and proactive opponent. The case studies and material presented in the volume form an invitation to rethink dominant perspectives in the field of strategic studies. As the case studies demonstrate, strategy is most often not a stylised, premeditated and wilful phenomenon. Rather, it is a product of circumstance and opportunity, both structural and agential, leading to a view of strategy as an ad hoc, if not chaotic, enterprise.
Bureaucrats of Liberation narrates the history of the Southern Africa Project of the Lawyers' Committee for Civil Right under law, a civil rights organization founded in 1963 at the request of President John F. Kennedy. Between 1963 and 1994, the Southern Africa Project connected lawyers from Namibia, South Africa, and the United States. Within the Project's network, activist lawyers exchanged funding resources, provided logistical support for political trials, and mediated new voting and governmental systems. The Project's history provides a lens into twentieth century geopolitics tied to anti-apartheid, decolonization, Cold War, and movements agitating against white supremacy. In doing so, it pays careful attention to the Project's different eras, beginning with US Executive Branch officials helming the effort and evolving into a space where more activist-oriented attorneys on both sides of the Atlantic drove its mission and politics.
In contrast with other works on the history of language learning and teaching, this book is innovative in assigning a much more important role to practice and to the reciprocal relationship of policies and practice (rather than investigating top-down processes from policies to practice). The fourteen contributions highlight various contexts of language education in the twentieth century, combining inside out ('emic') perspectives, drawing on teachers'/learners' experience within the classroom, and outside in ('etic') perspectives, looking at external factors such as the curriculum or education policies and considering how teachers and learners respond to these. Each chapter starts from one perspective, yet at the same time takes into account the reciprocal effects between the two directions of movement (inside out / outside in). This volume asks, how has the practice of language learning and teaching been influenced by policies and context - and vice versa?
The Australian Army served in numerous theatres and campaigns throughout World War II, earning distinction and at times facing significant challenges. During the Pacific War, the infantry brigade, as an intermediate formation commanding multiple infantry battalions and numerous attached units, was key in Australian efforts to secure victory. The 18th Infantry Brigade participated in a variety of combat operations with a range of allies allowing it rare experience among Australian units. It's involvement in operations from Europe to the Middle East and onto the Pacific ensured that it was one of the most modern brigades at the close of the war. Assault Brigade examines the challenges and development of the Australian Army's 18th Infantry Brigade throughout World War II. It investigates a series of campaigns fought across the South West Pacific Area, highlighting lessons learnt and adaptations implemented as a result of each battle.
A pioneering exploration of how differences in production and circulation of texts conveyed ideas around the world in a period of exceptional social, political and intellectual change.
Extensive in scope and drawing on newly available evidence from multinational archives, this book reconsiders Sino-Indian border issues during the middle Cold War using multiple established analytical frameworks. It demonstrates how key countries perceived and engaged with the border conflict by aiding the two main participants morally and materially. Before, during, and after the 1962 Sino-Indian border war, multinational political actors pursued their foreign policy goals (e.g., trade, security, and prestige) concerning the frontier, and often tried to destabilize spheres of influence and bolster alliances. Therefore, this contest signified a variation of the Anglo-Russian Great Game in Asia during the nineteenth century, and the theater of operations encompassed not only the border itself, but also the Himalayan kingdoms, Tibet, and Burma. A reevaluation of the border conflict between India and China is necessary given current, ongoing clashes at their still unresolved border as well as the fact that these two countries now possess enhanced technology and weapons.
An examination of the garden plans of eighteenth-century landscape architect Charles Bridgeman, shedding light on his artistic vision and contributions to English garden history.
The convocation records of the Churches of England and Ireland are the principal source of our information about the administration of those churches from middle ages until modern times. They contain the minutes of clergy synods,the legislation passed by them, tax assessments imposed by the king on the clergy, and accounts of the great debates about religious reformation; they also include records of heresy trials in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries,many of them connected with the spread of Lollardy. However, they have never before been edited or published in full, and their publication as a complete set of documents provides a valuable resource for scholarship.
This volume contains a complete collection of early Manx ecclesiastical statutes and the convocation records, which include the details of the translation of the Bible into Manx. The volume also has a complete list of the Manx clergy arranged both alphabetically and by parish.
In Resistance and Liberation, Douglas Porch continues his epic history of France at war. Emerging from the debâcle of 1940, France faced the quandary of how to rebuild military power, protect the empire, and resuscitate its global influence. While Charles de Gaulle rejected the armistice and launched his offshore crusade to reclaim French honor within the Allied camp, defeatists at Vichy embraced cooperation with the victorious Axis. The book charts the emerging dynamics of la France libre and the Alliance, Vichy collaboration, and the swelling resistance to the Axis occupation. From the campaigns in Tunisia and Italy to Liberation, Douglas Porch traces how de Gaulle sought to forge a French army and prevent civil war. He captures the experiences of ordinary French men and women caught up in war and defeat, the choices they made, the trials they endured, and how this has shaped France's memory of those traumatic years.
The convocation records of the Churches of England and Ireland are the principal source of our information about the administration of those churches from middle ages until modern times. They contain the minutes of clergy synods, the legislation passed by them, tax assessments imposed by the king on the clergy, and accounts of the great debates about religious reformation; they also include records of heresy trials in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, many of them connected with the spread of Lollardy. However, they have never before been edited or published in full, and their publication as a complete set of documents provides a valuable resource for scholarship.
This volume contains the convocation records of the modern diocese, detailing day-to-day administration over the last century and a quarter, none of which has been published before. The verbatim accounts of proceedings in convocation give a clear insight into Manx social history during the period. There are also appendixes listing diocesan officials and giving an abstract of the tithe accounts from the commutation of tithes in 1839 to their complete abolition in1946.
The uncanny ability of certain individuals to foresee future events had long been regarded as a characteristic of the Scottish Highlands, but in the late seventeenth century interest in the phenomenon came to a head, stimulated by English scientific and philosophical curiosity about magic, particularly second sight.
The natural philosopher Robert Boyle and other English savants investigated these Highland beliefs; they found the region a kind of laboratory, strange yet accessible, where data about unusual beliefs could be collected and theories tested. Scottish authors were also stimulated to write accounts of second sight, notably John Fraser, Dean of the Isles, and the Highland minister, Robert Kirk (1644-92), in his famous work, The Secret Commonwealth. These and other texts are included in this book, making available crucial information about belief systems which might otherwise never have been recorded, and illuminating changing contemporary attitudes towards the relationship between the natural and the supernatural.
John Butter's Memoir is a first-hand account of nineteenth-century medicine, by a pioneering physician and surgeon who founded one of Britain's earliest eye hospitals. It is published here for the first time.
This volume deals with a tumultuous yet transformative era in Greek history. During the twentieth century, most Greeks abandoned the countryside for the cities or the expanding global diaspora. Greek and Cypriot societies became urbanised, secularised and more 'western'. Since the Balkan Wars they have also lurched from crisis to crisis, having experienced two destructive war decades (1912-1922 and 1940-1949), the Turkish invasion of Cyprus in 1974 and the economic crises of the 2010s.
Focusing on the relationship between state and society, as well as on Greeks' place in the wider world, this book considers how Greeks have engaged with global change and the impact of international factors on their lives.