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101325 results in Language and Linguistics

Page 679 of 5067

  • Episodic -ee in English: A Thematic Role Constraint on New Word Formation

  • Chris Barker
  • Journal:
    Language / Volume 74 / Issue 4 / December 1998
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    19 February 2026, pp. 695-727

  • This article offers a detailed analysis of the English suffix -ee (employee, escapee, refugee, etc.) based on fifteen hundred naturally occurring tokens of some five hundred word types. The data suggest that formation of nouns in -ee is moderately but genuinely productive, and that analyses based on the syntactic argument structure of the stem verb are unsatisfactory. Instead, formation of -ee nouns systematically adheres to three essentially semantic constraints: first, the referent of an -ee noun must be sentient; second, the denotation of an -ee noun must be episodically linked (as defined below) to the denotation of its stem; and third, a use of an -ee noun entails a relative lack of volitional control on the part of its referent. I argue that these semantic constraints taken together amount to a special-purpose thematic role that actively constrains productive use of derivational morphology.

  • Nominal Tense? The Meaning of GuaranÍ Nominal Temporal Markers

  • Judith Tonhauser
  • Journal:
    Language / Volume 83 / Issue 4 / December 2007
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    19 February 2026, pp. 831-869

  • Paraguayan Guaraní has nominal markers that affect the temporal interpretation of the noun phrase they attach to. On the basis of data collected during recent fieldwork in Paraguay, I explore in this article the lexical semantic, semantic, and discourse properties of these nominal temporal markers and develop a semantic analysis that accounts for their meaning and use. I then address the claim (made e.g. in Nordlinger & Sadler 2004) that such markers are nominal past and future tenses. A comparison of the properties of verbal temporal markers to those of the Guaraní nominal markers reveals that the Guaraní nominal markers share few of the properties of verbal tenses and hence should not be called nominal tenses. I conclude by addressing the implications of these findings for theories of temporality.

  • LAN volume 85 issue 4 Cover and Back matter

  • Journal:
    Language / Volume 85 / Issue 4 / December 2009
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    19 February 2026, pp. b1-b2
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  • LAN volume 88 issue 3 Cover and Front matter

  • Journal:
    Language / Volume 88 / Issue 3 / September 2012
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    19 February 2026, p. f1
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  • Forty years of language change on Martha's Vineyard

  • Jennifer Pope, Miriam Meyerhoff, D. Robert Ladd
  • Journal:
    Language / Volume 83 / Issue 3 / September 2007
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    19 February 2026, pp. 615-627

  • This short report presents results from a replication of Labov's study of language variation and language change in progress on Martha's Vineyard (MV). The original paper was revolutionary in many respects: it established that the relationship between social and linguistic variables could be systematically studied, and put forward the construct of apparent time as a means of inferring diachronic change in progress based on synchronic patterns. By drawing on Labov's methods for a restudy of MV forty years later, we establish (i) the validity of apparent-time inferencing, and (ii) the robustness of social indexing for the (ay) and (aw) variables on MV. The results strengthen both methodological and theoretical principles that have become central to (socio)linguistics.

Page 679 of 5067