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There are many different types of decisions – from the important and life-changing to the mundane and everyday – but all are important for our functioning as humans. This book offers an accessible guide to the complex process of human decision-making, tailored for both undergraduate and graduate students. It combines recent research with real-life examples to provide a comprehensive understanding of the underlying biology of decision-making, its relationship to cognitive abilities such as working memory, executive function and attention, and its intersection with development. The book also explores applications and theories of decision-making, giving readers a broader perspective on the field. Presented in an accessible format with in-depth explanations, the work provides everything needed to build a strong basis of understanding of the underlying biology to the more complex topics of how decision-making develops and impacts on other behaviours. Discussion points are included throughout to encourage deeper reflection on the content covered.
An up-to-date clinical guide for healthcare professionals on the assessment, diagnosis and management of dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), including the role played by neuropsychology in the diagnostic process. Written in an accessible style, it provides a reference book for qualified professionals and a valuable resource for students and trainees working in dementia services. The book covers the diagnosis and management of the most common forms of dementia, and some rarer types, and the latest advances in diagnostic technology and current and future treatment options. It explores non-pharmacological interventions for cognitive impairment and preventative measures to reduce the risk of developing dementia. Featuring the essential background information required by all clinicians working in the field, alongside a review of recent research and developments in the field. With an emphasis on the links between theory and practice, this is a must-read manual for clinicians working in memory clinics.
The role of the insular cortex in epilepsy has been largely neglected until very recently. With growing interest in insular epilepsies, this book provides unique, in-depth coverage of the condition from childhood to adulthood. Detailed description of the anatomy, vascularization, connectivity, and functions of the insula along with complete description of the semiology, neurophysiology, and neuroimaging of insular epilepsy helps clinicians better recognize the condition. Up-to-date treatment avenues are explored, guiding the management of patients, including drug-resistant cases suitable for neurosurgery. Authors come from a range of backgrounds, providing a multidisciplinary perspective essential to all health professionals involved in epilepsy diagnosis and treatment. A scratch-off code in the inside cover allow users access to an online equivalent of the book, featuring videos illustrating the semiology of the various forms of insular seizures. This authoritative overview provides clinicians with the necessary information to treat this under-recognized condition.
Perioperative neurocognitive disorders are the most common and least recognized complications of anesthesia and surgery in older patients. This book represents the first unified source of information on this group of disorders, serving as a practical guide on diagnosis, pathophysiology and clinical recommendations. The book introduces new nomenclature that is recognized across medical specialties, tackles issues of informed consent and screening, interprets a plethora of scientific results from both animals and patients, and suggests mitigation strategies. In order to present and discuss essential knowledge and application in clinical practice as well as highlighting areas of controversy, this important book features expert contributions from the multidisciplinary field of perioperative care and cognitive disorders. It will appeal to the entire perioperative team as well as to neurologists, geriatricians, psychologists and researchers in the field.
Cognitive impairment, dysphagia, communication issues, pain, spasticity, bladder dysfunction, sexual dysfunction and bowel incontinence are but a few problems frequently reported by individuals living with long-term neurological conditions. The management of long-term neurological conditions requires co-ordinated inputs from multiple disciplines, and this practical handbook facilitates this by combining physical, cognitive and psychological strategies to patient management. Featuring contributions from leading experts in neurology, health services and clinical rehabilitation, this book is a comprehensive overview of common neurological impairments and solutions. It adopts an evidence-based approach to both pharmacological and non-pharmacological options for alleviating neurological symptoms. An easy-to-refer to guide, bridging multiple disciplines, aided by current research, to provide effective, and practical management for all aspects and issues arising in the rehabilitation phases of the neurological patient. This unique pocketbook is intended for practitioners at all levels, and is ideally suited as a quick guide during ward rounds, out-patient clinics and therapy sessions.
This unique analysis of neuropsychological conditions provides readers with a review of both pediatric and adult presentations in one convenient place. Covering the most common disorders encountered in clinical practice, including those specific to the extremes of the age spectrum, this book provides dedicated chapters on:Preterm and low weight birthSpina bifida myelomeningocele Autism spectrum disorder Intellectual disability Fetal alcohol spectrum disordersAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorderLearning disabilityTraumatic brain injury CancerEpilepsy Human immunodeficiency virusMultiple sclerosisStrokeDementiaEach chapter provides evidence-based guidelines that can be readily applied to daily practice.
Responding to expansion in the field of cognitive rehabilitation, this book offers a comprehensive review of interventions specifically for children and adolescents. Recent advances in research into pediatric cognitive rehabilitation make this a timely guide to the subject. Incorporating and reviewing current evidence to strengthen and consolidate the resource base for pediatric clinical care in cognitive rehabilitation, this book offers a reliable and engaging text for best practice. Systematic interventions to ameliorate the impact of cognitive difficulties following neurological injury, such as traumatic brain injury (TBI), stroke and brain tumor, can involve cognitive, behavioral, or pharmacologic methods. Case studies and practical guidance are included, to support the effective management and enhancement of cognitive recovery in children and adolescents. This book acts as a resource for professionals of all disciplines interested in understanding the existing evidence base for cognitive rehabilitation interventions for children and adolescents, featuring practical day-to-day professional support.
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is the leading cause of disability globally in both developed and developing nations. The staggering economic costs attributable to MDD are largely a consequence of impairment in role function. Evidence indicates that disturbance in the domain of cognitive function in individuals with MDD is the principal determinant of health outcome. This is the first book to comprehensively explore the domain of cognition in MDD. The literature describing cognitive dysfunction is reviewed with particular focus on clinical determinants, pathophysiology and causative factors. The patient subpopulations most susceptible are defined. A summary of contemporary assessment tools for research and clinical purposes is provided. Multimodality treatments and prevention strategies are described. This book is an invaluable resource for psychiatrists, neuropsychologists and other members of the mental health team, as well as for policy makers, vocation rehabilitation experts, disability providers and other stakeholders interested in improving health outcomes in MDD.
Now available in paperback, this updated new edition summarizes the latest developments in cognitive neuroscience related to rehabilitation, reviews the principles of successful interventions and synthesizes new findings about the rehabilitation of cognitive changes in a variety of populations. With greatly expanded sections on treatment and the role of imaging, it provides a comprehensive reference for those interested in the science, as well as including the most up-to-date information for the practising clinician. It provides clear and practical guidance on why cognitive rehabilitation may or may not work. How to use imaging methods to evaluate the efficacy of interventions. What personal and external factors impact rehabilitation success. How biological and psychopharmacological changes can be understood and treated. How to treat different disorders of language and memory, and where the field is going in research and clinical application.
The ever-improving emergency care of those who have suffered serious cerebrovascular disease has shifted the treatment objective towards helping sufferers regain independence - meaning that there is an increased need to understand, manage and treat the residual deficits. The Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology of Stroke focuses on the diagnosis and management of behavioral and cognitive problems in patients with cerebrovascular disease. Written to be practical for clinical use, the book contains diagnosis and management strategies for all disorders observed in stroke patients, including acute and later problems, and aiming to minimize long-term disability. All important information related to each disorder is summarized in key-point tables. Fully updated throughout and containing five new chapters, this new edition brings the book up to date with the major advances of the last five years. This book will be of value to all clinicians caring for stroke patients, neuroscientists, neuropsychologists, neurorehabilitationists and a wide range of therapists.
Executive dysfunction occurs in many clinical conditions and has significant impact on multiple facets of life. This book summarizes executive function and dysfunction for practitioners, researchers and educators, covering lifespan development, assessment, impact and interventions. Drawing together clinical, neurobiological and developmental viewpoints, the authors summarize the latest research findings in practical and applied terms, and review conceptual approaches to assessing and identifying executive function and dysfunction. Several chapters are devoted to practical aspects of executive dysfunction, including research-based treatment strategies, educational implications, forensic cautions and intervention resources. Executive dysfunction in ADHD, LD, MR, autism, mood disorders, epilepsy, cancer and TBI is covered, with test performance, neuroimaging and clinical presentation for these clinical conditions. The book concludes with anticipation of future work in the field. This is a key reference for medical, psychological and educational professionals who work with children, adolescents and young adults in clinical and educational settings.
The Paradoxical Brain focuses on a range of phenomena in clinical and cognitive neuroscience that are counterintuitive and go against the grain of established thinking. The book covers a wide range of topics by leading researchers, including:Superior performance after brain lesions or sensory lossReturn to normal function after a second brain lesion in neurological conditionsParadoxical phenomena associated with human developmentExamples where having one disease appears to prevent the occurrence of another diseaseSituations where drugs with adverse effects on brain functioning may have beneficial effects in certain situationsA better understanding of these interactions will lead to a better understanding of brain function and to the introduction of new therapeutic strategies. The book will be of interest to those working at the interface of brain and behaviour, including neuropsychologists, neurologists, psychiatrists and neuroscientists.
Down syndrome is one of the most commonly occurring developmental disorders and it is now possible to conceptualize and define opportunities for neurocognitive rehabilitation for those with the condition. This book describes how early cognitive intervention in children with Down syndrome can be carried out, and can reduce, or compensate for, the major deficits characteristic of the condition. This comprehensive account relates the neurocognitive approach to the major therapeutic endeavors in the neighboring fields of neurogenetics, experimental environmental enrichment, molecular genetics, pharmacology, pediatrics and cardiology for infants with Down syndrome. Neurocognitive Rehabilitation of Down Syndrome provides the guidance required to establish effective rehabilitation programs, and is essential reading for developmental clinicians, pediatricians, neuropsychologists and other health professionals.
Genetic syndromes and neurodevelopmental disorders that have a genetic basis are associated with cognitive and academic disabilities. Genes, Brain and Development reviews the connections between genes, brain, and behavior for a range of genetic disorders, and also considers lifespan and treatment issues. The content further explores what is known about development in neurogenetic disorders, particularly in the domains of language and mathematics, and shows how this knowledge is pertinent to understanding both these specific disorders, and disorders of language and math more generally. This will be essential reading for a wide range of brain scientists and developmental clinicians, including neuropsychologists, cognitive psychologists, neurologists, psychiatrists, pediatricians, neuroscientists and geneticists.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability in children and adolescents around the world and represents a global public health issue. Major improvements in the medical treatment of the initial injury have increased survival rates resulting in the focus shifting to consider the subsequent and longer-term cognitive, emotional and behavioral consequences for the recovering child or adolescent. These disabilities, if left untreated, continue into adulthood with consequent economic and societal costs. This book reviews the research into the consequences of TBI emphasizing the translation of new understanding into effective treatments and interventions, and identifying promising areas for further study. This will be essential reading for neuropsychologists, neurologists, psychiatrists, clinical psychologists and pediatricians.
Published annually, volumes in this series provide readers with updates of recent clinical trial results, impacts of trials on guidelines and evidence-based practice, advances in trial methodologies, and the evolution of biomarkers in trials. The series focuses on trials in neurotherapeutics, including disease-modifying and symptomatic agents for neurological diseases, psychopharmacological management of neurologic and psychiatric illnesses, and non-drug treatments. Each paper is authored by a leader in the area of neurotherapeutics and clinical trials, and the series is guided by an editor-in-chief and editorial board with broad experience in drug development and neuropsychopharmacology. Progress in Neurotherapeutics and Neuropsychopharmacology is an essential update of recent trials in all aspects of the management of neurologic and neuropsychiatric disorders, and will be an invaluable resource for practising neurologists as well as clinical and translational neuroscientists.
Lifespan developmental neuropsychology is the study of the systematic behavioral, cognitive, and psychosocial changes and growth that occur across infancy, adolescence, adulthood and later life. This book provides insight into how brain-behavior relationships change over time, how disorders differ in presentation across the lifespan, and what longer-term outcomes look like. Providing practical guidance in a succinct and accessible format, this book covers the most common neurodevelopmental, behavioral and cognitive disorders, including but not limited to ADHD, cerebral palsy, traumatic brain injury, and epilepsy. Key points concerning the practice of developmental neuropsychology are emphasized in order to aid understanding of neuropsychological development and its impact on behavior, emotion, cognition, and social integration. This will be essential reading for advanced graduate students and early career professionals in the fields of neuropsychology, pediatric psychology, clinical psychology, school psychology, and rehabilitation psychology, as well as practitioners in the allied fields that interact with neuropsychology.
Published annually, volumes in this series provide readers with updates of clinical trial results, impacts of trials on guidelines and evidence-based practice, advances in trial methodologies, and the evolution of biomarkers in trials. The series focuses on trials in neurotherapeutics, including disease-modifying and symptomatic agents for neurological diseases, psychopharmacological management of neurologic and psychiatric illnesses, and non-drug treatments. Each paper is authored by a leader in the area of neurotherapeutics and clinical trials, and the series is guided by an editor-in-chief and editorial board with broad experience in drug development and neuropsychopharmacology. Progress in Neurotherapeutics and Neuropsychopharmacology is an essential update of trials in all aspects of the management of neurologic and neuropsychiatric disorders, and will be an invaluable resource for practising neurologists as well as clinical and translational neuroscientists.
The aim of neuropsychological rehabilitation is to enable people with cognitive, emotional, or behavioural deficits to achieve their maximum potential in the domains of psychological, social, leisure, vocational or everyday functioning. Describing the holistic programme devised and adopted at the world famous Oliver Zangwill Centre and embracing a broad theoretical base, incorporating a variety of frameworks, theories and models, this book proposes an integrated approach to brain injury rehabilitation by an interdisciplinary team. The coverage explains the underlying principles involved, describes the group therapies employed, highlights a selection of real case examples and reviews the outcomes measured and achieved. This book is essential reading for clinical neuropsychologists, clinical psychologists, speech and language therapists, occupational therapists, psychiatrists, neurologists, physiotherapists, social workers and nurses.
One of the most striking aspects of the epidemiology of depressive disorders is the rapid rise in incidence observed between the ages of 11 and 14. This book explores the developmental changes occurring during the transition from childhood into early adolescence in order to understand how vulnerability to depression develops. The focus is on emotional development, which serves to encapsulate the cognitive, sexual, interpersonal and familial changes that are occurring during this life stage. This will be an essential read for practising psychiatrists and psychologists who work with early adolescents, along with academics and researchers interested in affective science or developmental psychology and psychopathology. Other professionals working with children and adolescents, including teachers, social workers, counsellors and family practice physicians will also find this a useful summary of scientific developments that are shedding light on the vulnerabilities and opportunities particular to this critical stage of life.