Colonial discourse, including colonial medical writings, sought to project the white woman's vulnerability to specific mental health problems. This chapter explores some aspects of European female mental disorder in colonial India, with a focus on neurasthenia. It examines some of the medical approaches to female mental health in nineteenth-century Britain, in order to situate the contemporary gendering of madness in the metropole. The chapter also examines the issue of gendered mental health problems, exploring their perceived linkages with diverse factors such as hot climates, cultural alienation, loneliness and a hectic social life. It explores the condition called 'delirium tremens' among barrack wives which was related to alcohol addiction and could be life-threatening. The chapter concludes with a brief examination of the histories of a few white soldiers' wives, who were admitted to lunatic asylums in Calcutta, Bombay and Madras.

This chapter presents a scrutiny of the literary works written in English in the late nineteenth century by two educated Indian Christian women of Brahmin origin. These literary works are Ratanbai: A Sketch of a Bombay High Caste Hindu Young Wife written by Shevantibai Nikambe and Saguna: A Story of Native Christian Life written by Krupabai Satthianadhan. The novel by Shevantibai projects the social reform issue of the oppression of high-caste Hindu widows, which had become by the second half of the nineteenth century a widely discussed subject. Colonial India in the late nineteenth century saw the gradual emergence of the first generation of western-educated Indian women. Satthianadhan's Saguna takes a radical stand in its critique of patriarchal practices prevalent in Hindu society. Saguna suggests that Christianity provides a 'modernising' and liberating solution to gender oppression, while at the same time raising questions about the Indian Christian's identity.

The book explores diverse aspects related to the white woman's experience of colonialism in India during the late nineteenth- and early twentieth-centuries. One of its central concerns and areas of inquiry was the sphere of gendered transactions across the race divide. In the colonial imaginary, the 'native' woman tended to be simplified into the monolithic figure of the 'oppressed zenana woman', but our readings of various encounters brought out instead the complexities among 'native' women from various regions. The book demonstrates how the colonial 'medical gaze' served to reinforce colonial patriarchies. It also explores the white woman's race, class and gender interactions in colonial India. The book discusses a range of inter-related issues which emanate from the central locus of the European woman's contradictory position/location in the colony.

This chapter moves beyond the St George’s societies that scholars portray as proof that the English principally indulged in elite civic activism rather than ethnic behaviour. A second tier of English association developed in the 1870s catering specifically for independent working class migrants. The Order of the Sons of St George (OSStG; 1870) and the Sons of England (1874) represented something different. Clearly, working-class Englishmen and women in the US and Canada felt the need for another type of organization—one whose fees they could afford, something that provided them with mutual aid. These English ethnic friendly societies drew upon homeland traditions. In the US, they also took shape with an American culture of associating. Such organizations were structured by the imperatives of class solidarity and ethnic togetherness. Indeed, ethnicity also sponsored (and was sponsored by) tension and competition with the Irish. This chapter traces these developments with a particular view to the context in which they were founded, and where they were set up. The OSStG, for instance, came about in part as a coordinated response to a heightened ethnic consciousness.

Colonial writings in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries projected the colonial home as a microcosm of the empire. The memsahibs at the head of a large retinue of household servants reproduced the power relations characteristic of imperial administration. In particular, it was the complex location of two female servants inside this household, namely, the ayah and the wet-nurse, which frequently evoked colonial anxieties. Most memsahibs' preoccupations were quite cut off from any concern with issues such as gendered social reform. An important aspect of memsahibs' experience of colonial India was the setting up of an English-style home in India. For European infants, 'native' ayahs were considered the best option, and in many colonial households the ayah virtually played the role of a surrogate mother. The dynamics of the memsahib-ayah relationship was a complicated one. The greatest sense of colonial insecurity for the memsahib, however, came from 'native' wet-nurses.

In this chapter, the author presents five theses on how implementation works, which she propose can be observed in most if not all cases of policy implementation, be that national policy or international development policy. The following are the five theses. Thesis 1: interventions always have effects beyond their scope. Thesis 2: policy-makers project their "sites of intervention" as blank slates. Thesis 3: "local knowledge" is always situated and contradictory. Thesis 4: planning continues throughout the implementation process. Thesis 5: policy disintegrates and the contradictory nature of bureaucracy is fed by attempts to make something sensible take place. "Local knowledge" has long been a stock concept in international development literature, where is it seen as an important driver of viable policy. Active-Back Sooner offers a good example of bottom-up policy-making. Active-Back Sooner was, on a smaller scale, entangled in an attempt to create, "from scratch", a perfect reality.

The second chapter focuses on the way in which parts of the youth articulated a specifically anti-regime critique and through it questioned some of the values embodied in contemporary politics and culture. In particular, it examines how older forms of political discourse and ritual - embodied by Tito’s personality cult and the Day of Youth relay race - were critiqued in both political and new cultural forms. For the most part, this critique was not reduced to a demand for outright abolishment of Yugoslav socialism, but it was rather about challenging the norms of an older generation and reinventing socialism through the state’s youth institutions.

In this chapter, the two portraits explore how the temporarily united interests and viewpoints that had found a common ground in the proposal for the trial continued to live on and produce new versions of Active Back Sooner. Portrait 5 portrays Active Back Sooneras its methodological requirements put it on collision course with national employment policy, legal principles, and local organizational attempts to ensure the quality of the general casework. In portrait 6 Active Back Sooneris portrayed against the backdrop of the legal controversy that the official trial gave rise to in the spring of 2009. The chapter argues that the recognition of the absurdity of the labor market effort rather than being a mode of ridicule in fact offers a holistic analytical position from which to appreciate the sum total of the labor market effort.