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Structural marginalisation among the long-term care workforce in England: evidence from mixed-effect models of national pay data

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 August 2012

SHEREEN HUSSEIN  and
JILL MANTHORPE
SHEREEN HUSSEIN*
Affiliation:
Social Care Workforce Research Unit, King's College London, UK.
JILL MANTHORPE
Affiliation:
Social Care Workforce Research Unit, King's College London, UK.
*
Address for correspondence: Shereen Hussein, Social Care Workforce Research Unit, King's College London, Melbourne House, 5th Floor, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK. E-mail: shereen.hussein@kcl.ac.uk
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Abstract

The long-term care sector is generally characterised by low pay and difficult working conditions. Understanding pay structures and differentials within this sector is important in enhancing recruitment, retention, quality of care and productivity. This article uses new national data on the long-term care workforce in England to investigate employer and individual effects on pay levels and differentials, using mixed-effects modelling controlling for region, sector and employer hierarchical factors. We further examine whether gender and ethnic pay gaps exist among different groups of workers. The results indicate a significant relationship between sector and pay across different job roles. The analysis further identifies ethnic and gender pay differences even after controlling for the effects of sector and individual employers. The implications of this are discussed in relation to sustaining the care workforce in the context of an ageing society and the potential for structural employment marginalisation to reflect the marginalisation of older people receiving care.

Keywords

pay differentialslong-term carenational data setmixed-effect modelshierarchical modellingeconomic marginalisation
Type
Articles
Information
Ageing & Society , Volume 34 , Issue 1 , January 2014 , pp. 21 - 41
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2012 

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