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Lago, Ignacio Bermúdez, Sandra Guinjoan, Marc and Simón, Pablo 2017. Turnout and social fractionalisation. Politics, p. 026339571668659.
Bang, James T. and Mitra, Aniruddha 2017. Institutions, information, and commitment: the role of democracy in conflict. Defence and Peace Economics, Vol. 28, p. 165.
Neep, Daniel 2017. State-Space beyond Territory: Wormholes, Gravitational Fields, and Entanglement. Journal of Historical Sociology, Vol. 30, p. 466.
Kim, Sang Ki 2017. Third-party Intervention in Civil Wars and the Prospects for Postwar Development. Journal of Conflict Resolution, Vol. 61, p. 615.
Zhan, Jing Vivian and Ming, Zeng 2017. Resource Conflict Resolution in China. The China Quarterly, Vol. 230, p. 489.
Miklian, Jason and Hoelscher, Kristian 2017. A new research approach for Peace Innovation. Innovation and Development, p. 1.
Kim, Dongsuk and Choi, Hyun Jin 2017. Autocracy, Religious Restriction, and Religious Civil War. Politics and Religion, Vol. 10, p. 311.
Asal, Victor Early, Bryan R. and Schulzke, Marcus 2017. Up in arms! Explaining why ethnic minority organizations form militias in transitioning and post-communist Eurasian countries. Conflict Management and Peace Science, Vol. 34, p. 485.
Edgell, Amanda B. Mechkova, Valeriya Altman, David Bernhard, Michael and Lindberg, Staffan I. 2017. When and where do elections matter? A global test of the democratization by elections hypothesis, 1900–2010. Democratization, p. 1.
Hendrix, Cullen S. 2017. Oil prices and interstate conflict. Conflict Management and Peace Science, Vol. 34, p. 575.
NYSETH BREHM, HOLLIE 2017. SUBNATIONAL DETERMINANTS OF KILLING IN RWANDA*. Criminology, Vol. 55, p. 5.
Møller, Fenja Søndergaard 2017. Blue blood or true blood: Why are levels of intrastate armed conflict so low in Middle Eastern monarchies?. Conflict Management and Peace Science, p. 073889421771471.
Bergren, Anne and Bailard, Catie Snow 2017. Information and Communication Technology and Ethnic Conflict in Myanmar: Organizing for Violence or Peace?. Social Science Quarterly, Vol. 98, p. 894.
Li, Hui and Tang, Shiping 2017. Location, Location, Location: The Ethno-Geography of Oil and the Onset of Ethnic War. Chinese Political Science Review, Vol. 2, p. 135.
Hegre, Håvard Metternich, Nils W Nygård, Håvard Mokleiv Wucherpfennig, Julian Ward, Michael D and Beger, Andreas 2017. Lessons from near real-time forecasting of irregular leadership changes. Journal of Peace Research, Vol. 54, p. 141.
Gurses, Mehmet and Rost, Nicolas 2017. Religion as a Peacemaker? Peace Duration after Ethnic Civil Wars. Politics and Religion, Vol. 10, p. 339.
Fox, Jonathan Bader, Chris and McClure, Jennifer M. 2017. Don’t get mad: The disconnect between religious discrimination and individual perceptions of government. Conflict Management and Peace Science, p. 073889421772316.
Hegre, Håvard Metternich, Nils W Nygård, Håvard Mokleiv Wucherpfennig, Julian Hegre, Håvard Nygård, Håvard Mokleiv and Ræder, Ranveig Flaten 2017. Evaluating the scope and intensity of the conflict trap. Journal of Peace Research, Vol. 54, p. 243.
An influential conventional wisdom holds that civil wars proliferated rapidly with the end of the Cold War and that the root cause of many or most of these has been ethnic and religious antagonisms. We show that the current prevalence of internal war is mainly the result of a steady accumulation of protracted conflicts since the 1950s and 1960s rather than a sudden change associated with a new, post-Cold War international system. We also find that after controlling for per capita income, more ethnically or religiously diverse countries have been no more likely to experience significant civil violence in this period. We argue for understanding civil war in this period in terms of insurgency or rural guerrilla warfare, a particular form of military practice that can be harnessed to diverse political agendas. The factors that explain which countries have been at risk for civil war are not their ethnic or religious characteristics but rather the conditions that favor insurgency. These include poverty—which marks financially and bureaucratically weak states and also favors rebel recruitment—political instability, rough terrain, and large populations.
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