Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-skm99 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-25T13:21:06.364Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Life Span Civic Development and Voting Participation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 August 2014

John M. Strate
Affiliation:
Wayne State University
Charles J. Parrish
Affiliation:
Wayne State University
Charles D. Elder
Affiliation:
Wayne State University
Coit Ford III
Affiliation:
Wayne State University

Abstract

Although a variety of age-related processes are known to affect rates of political participation over the adult life span, little is known about their interrelationships and relative impact. We set out a theory of life span civic development that focuses on how age-related changes in community attachment, strength of partisanship, church attendance, government responsiveness, family income, and civic competence impinge on voting participation. To test the theory, we estimated the coefficients of a structural equation model using data from nine National Election Studies combined into a large, cross-sectional time series data set. The model specifies the age-related processes and also controls for the effects of a large number of other variables. Overall, about one-half of the age-related increases in voting participation were attributable to these processes.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © American Political Science Association 1989

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abramson, Paul R., and Aldrich, John H.. 1982. “The Decline of Electoral Participation in America.” American Political Science Review 76:502–21.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Almond, Gabriel, and Verba, Sydney. 1963. The Civic Culture: Political Attitudes and Democracy in Five Nations. Princeton: Princeton University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Anderson, Barbara A., and Silver, Brian D.. 1986. “Measurement and Mismeasurement of the Validity of the Self-Reported Vote.” American Journal of Politics 30:771–75.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bellah, Robert N., Madsen, Richard, Sullivan, William M., Swidler, Ann, and Tipton, Steven M.. 1985. Habits of the Heart: Individualism and Commitment in American Life. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Birren, James E., and Cunningham, Walter R.. 1985. “Research on Psychology of Aging: Principles, Concepts, and Theories.” In Handbook of the Psychology of Aging, ed. Birren, James E. and Schaie, K. Warner. New York: Von Nostrand Reinhold.Google Scholar
Campbell, Angus. 1971. “Politics through the Life Cycle.” Cerontologist 11:112–17.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Campbell, Angus, Converse, Philip E., Miller, Warren E., and Stokes, Donald E.. 1964. The American Voter. Abridged. New York: John Wiley.Google Scholar
Campbell, Angus, Gurin, Gerald, and Miller, Warren E.. 1954. The Voter Decides. Evanston, IL: Row, Petersen.Google Scholar
Citrin, Jack. 1974. “Comment.” American Politica Science Review 68:973–88.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Converse, Phillip E. 1972. “Of Time and Partisan Stability.” In Mass Politics in Industrial Societies, ed. DiPalma, Giuseppe. Chicago, IL: Markham.Google Scholar
Converse, Phillip E. 1976. The Dynamics of Party Support: Cohort-Analyzing Party Identification. Beverly Hills: Sage.Google Scholar
Conway, Mary M. 1985. Political Participation in the United States. Washington: Congressional Quarterly.Google Scholar
Crittenden, John. 1963. “Aging and Political Participation.” Western Political Quarterly 16:323–31.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Curtis, James E., and Lambert, Ronald D.. 1976. “Voting, Election Interest, and Age: National Findings for English and French Canadians.” Canadian Journal of Political Science 9:293307.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cutler, Neal E. 1977. “Demographic, Social-Psychological, and Political Factors in the Politics of Aging: A Foundation for Research in ‘Political Gerontology.’” American Political Science Review 71:1011–25.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cutler, Neal E., and Bengston, Vern L.. 1974. “Age and Political Alienation: Maturation, Generation, and Period Effects.” Public Opinion Quarterly 37:251–59.Google Scholar
Dahl, Robert A. 1956. A Preface to Democratic Theory. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Dawson, Richard E., Prewitt, Kenneth, and Dawson, Karen S.. 1977. Political Socialization: An Analytic Study. Boston: Little, Brown.Google Scholar
Edinger, Louis. 1983. Politics of the Aged: Orientations in Major Liberal Democracies. New York: Columbia University Brookdale Center on Aging and Adult Human Development.Google Scholar
Elder, Charles D., Parrish, Charles J., Pavlou, Victoria P., and Richter, Frank J.. 1985. Political Participation and Aging: Life Span Civic Development. Final report submitted to the AARP-Andrus Foundation. Detroit: Wayne State University.Google Scholar
Glenn, Norval D. 1977. Cohort Analysis. Beverly Hills: Sage.Google Scholar
Glenn, Norval D., and Grimes, Michael. 1968. “Aging, Voting, and Political Interest.” American Sociological Review 33:563–75.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goodin, Robert, and Dryzek, John. 1980. “Rational Participation: The Politics of Relative Power.” British Journal of Political Science 10:273–92.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hout, Michael, and Knoke, David. 1975. “Change in Voting Turnout, 1952–1972.” Public Opinion Quarterly 39:5268.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jennings, M. Kent. 1979. “Another Look at the Life Cycle and Political Participation.” American Journal of Political Science 23:755–71.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jennings, M. Kent, and Beck, Paul A.. 1979. “Political Periods and Political Participation.” American Political Science Review 73:737–50.Google Scholar
Jennings, M. Kent, and Markus, Gregory B.. 1984. “Partisan Orientations over the Long Haul: Results from the Three-Wave Political Socialization Panel Study.” American Political Science Review 78:1000–18.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jennings, M. Kent, and Markus, Gregory B.. 1988. “Political Involvement in Later Years: A Longitudinal Survey.” American Journal of Political Science 32:302–16.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jennings, M. Kent, and Niemi, Richard G.. 1975. “Continuity and Change in Political Orientations: A Longitudinal Study of Two Generations.” American Political Science Review 69:1316–35.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jennings, M. Kent, and Niemi, Richard G.. 1981. Generations and Politics. Princeton: Princeton University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Katosh, John P., and Traugott, Michael W.. 1981. “The Consequences of Validated and Self-Reported Voting Measures.” Public Opinion Quarterly 45:519–35.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Knoke, David, and Thomson, Randall. 1977. “Voluntary Association Membership Trends and the Family Life Cycle.” Social Forces 56:4865.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Madsen, Douglas. 1987. “Political Self-Efficacy Tested.” American Political Science Review 81:571–81.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Milbrath, Lester W., and Goel, Madan L.. 1977. Political Participation. Chicago: Rand McNally.Google Scholar
Miller, Arthur H. 1974. “Political Issues and Trust in Government: 1964–1970.” American Political Science Review 68:951–72.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
National Council on the Aging. 1975. The Myth and Reality of Aging in America. Washington: NCOA.Google Scholar
National Council on the Aging. 1981. Aging in the Eighties: America in Transition. Washington: NCOA.Google Scholar
Neuman, W. Russell. 1986. The Paradox of Mass Politics. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Nie, Norman, Verba, Sydney, and Kim, Jae-on. 1974. “Political Participation and the Life Cycle.” Comparative Politics 5:319–40.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peterson, Steven A. 1987. “Biosocial Predictors of Older Americans' Political Participation.” Politics and the Life Sciences 5:246–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reiter, Howard L. 1979. “Why Is Turnout Down?Public Opinion Quarterly 43:297311.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schulz, James H. 1980. The Economics of Aging. 2d ed. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.Google Scholar
Siegel, Jacob S., and Davidson, Maria. 1984. Demographic and Socio-Economic Aspects of Aging in the United States. Bureau of the Census Current Population Reports Special Studies. Washington: GPO.Google Scholar
Sigelman, Lee. 1982. “The Nonvoting Voter in Voting Research.” American Journal of Political Science 26:4756.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stimson, James A. 1985. “Regression in Space and Time: A Statistical Essay.” American Journal of Political Science 4:914–47.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Traugott, Michael W., and Katosh, John P.. 1979. “Response Validity in Surveys of Voting Behavior.” Public Opinion Quarterly 43:359–77.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Verba, Sydney, and Nie, Norman. 1972. Participation in America: Political Democracy and Social Equality. New York: Harper & Row.Google Scholar
Verba, Sydney, Nie, Norman, and Kim, Jae-on. 1978. Participation and Political Equality: A Seven Nation Comparison, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Wagner, Joseph. 1983. “Media Do Make a Difference.” American Journal of Political Science 27:407–30.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wolfinger, Raymond, and Rosenstone, Steven J.. 1980. Who Votes? New Haven: Yale University Press.Google Scholar