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The Early Holocene occupation of north-central Anatolia between 10,000 and 6,000 BC cal: investigating an archaeological terra incognita

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 December 2013

Bleda S. Düring
Bleda S. Düring
Affiliation:
Leiden University
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Abstract

This paper investigates why we lack convincing evidence for human activities in north-central Anatolia for the period between 10,000 and 6,000 BC cal. This paucity of data can be contrasted with substantial evidence for Neolithic communities in south-central Anatolia from about 8,500 BC cal, and of earlier hunter-gatherer communities in that region. This difference in our data is especially problematic because in terms of ecology both regions appear to be broadly similar. In this paper this enigmatic paucity of evidence for the Early Holocene occupation of north-central Anatolia will be scrutinised. In particular, this entails a discussion of the existing discourse on the paucity of evidence and an evaluation of the three types of argument that have been put forward to explain it: first, that the region was not occupied because of unfavourable ecological conditions; second, that the practices of Early Holocene groups in north-central Anatolia have left an insubstantial archaeological record; and, third, that the paucity of evidence is best explained by a combination of the factors of site preservation, site visibility and research intensity. Finally, a research strategy will be proposed for the future investigation of the Early Holocene occupation of north-central Anatolia.

Özet

Bu çalışmada, neden Orta Anadolu'nun kuzeyinde, MÖ 10,000 ile 6,000 (kal.) yılları arasındaki zaman diliminde insan etkinliğine dair inandırıcı kanıtlardan yoksun olduğumuz araştırılacaktır. Bu veri eksikliği, Orta Anadolu'nun güneyinde bulunan ve MÖ 8,500 (kal.) civarına tarihlenen Neolitik topluluklara ve bölgedeki daha erken avcı-toplayıcı topluluklara ait sağlam kanıtlarla bir zıtlık oluşturmaktadır. Verilerdeki bu farklılık, özellikle her iki bölgenin ekolojik açıdan geniş ölçüde benzer olması dikkate alındığında daha da belirgin bir sorun haline gelir. Bu makalede, Orta Anadolu'nun kuzeyindeki Erken Holosen yerleşimlere ait bu gizemli veri eksikliği incelenmektedir. Burada özellikle, veri eksikliği konusunda var olan akademik tartışmayı ele almak ve açıklama olarak öne sürülen üç ayrı savı değerlendirmek gerekmektedir. Savlardan ilki bölgenin uygun olmayan ekolojik nedenlerle iskan edilmediği, ikincisi bölgedeki Erken Holosen toplulukların kalıcı arkeolojik izler bırakmayacak türden bir yaşam biçimine sahip olduğudur. Üçüncü ve veri eksikliği konusuna en iyi açıklamayı sunan sav ise, yerleşim alanlarının korunma, görunürlük ve araştırma yoğunluğu faktörlerini bir arada değerlendiren savdır. Bu makalede son olarak, Orta Anadolu'nun kuzeyindeki Erken Holosen yerleşimleri saptamak amacıyla yürütülecek çalışmalarda kullanılmak üzere bir araştırma stratejisi önerilmektedir.

Type
Research Article
Information
Anatolian Studies , Volume 58 , December 2008 , pp. 15 - 46
Copyright
Copyright © The British Institute at Ankara 2008

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