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ECONOMY, EXCHANGE, AND POWER: NEW EVIDENCE FROM THE LATE CLASSIC MAYA PORT CITY OF CANCUEN

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 August 2014

Arthur A. Demarest ,
Chloé Andrieu ,
Paola Torres ,
Mélanie Forné ,
Tomás Barrientos  and
Marc Wolf
Arthur A. Demarest*
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, Vanderbilt Institute of Mesoamerican Archaeology and Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235
Chloé Andrieu
Affiliation:
CNRS, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Archéologie des Amériques, Maison de l'archéologie et de l'ethnologie, 21 allée de l'université, 92023 Nanterre, France
Paola Torres
Affiliation:
Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, 11 calle “A” 5-31 zona 18 Col. Santa Elena II, Ciudad de Guatemala
Mélanie Forné
Affiliation:
Centre d'Études Mexicaines et Centraméricaines, 5a Calle 10-55 Dentro de Alianza Francesa, Finca la Aurora, zona 13, Ciudad de Guatemala
Tomás Barrientos
Affiliation:
Universidad del Valle, Departamento de Arqueología, 18 avenida, 11-95 zona 15. Vista Hermosa III, Ciudad de Guatemala
Marc Wolf
Affiliation:
City University of New York, Department of Anthropology, CUNY GC, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10016
*
E-mail correspondence to: arthur.a.demarest@vanderbilt.edu
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Abstract

The site of Cancuen held a strategic position as “head of navigation” of the Pasión River and the physical nexus of land and river routes between the southern highlands, the Maya lowlands, and the transversal route to Tabasco and Veracruz. For that reason, the well-defined ports of Cancuen were critical to both Classic Maya highland/lowland commerce and interactions with the far west. All aspects of Cancuen were related to its role as a port city. By the late eighth century, evidence suggests that in the site epicenter peninsula ports and other aspects of the economy were elite controlled and supervised, based on associated architectural complexes, artifacts, imports, and placement. Recent evidence indicates that, in addition to previously discussed long-distance exchange in exotics such as jade and pyrite, Cancuen also was involved in very large-scale obsidian transport and production, as well as probable exchange of other piedmont commodities such as cacao, cotton, salt, achiote (Bixa orellana), and vanilla.

Distribution of architectural, epigraphic, and iconographic evidence and an administrative/ritual palace all indicate growing roles for nobles in these economic activities, particularly the ports. It would appear that, as elsewhere, nobles were taking a more direct mercantile role and that many aspects of the multepal system of power, characteristic of Postclassic period societies, were already in place at Cancuen by the late eighth century. The failure of Cancuen's early transition to a Terminal Classic political economy may be related to its dependence on highland resources and overextended trade networks.

Type
Special Section: New Perspectives on Ancient Mesoamerican Economies
Information
Ancient Mesoamerica , Volume 25 , Issue 1 , Spring 2014 , pp. 187 - 219
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2014 

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References

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