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A review of hemorrhagic septicemia in cattle and buffalo

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 June 2011

S. B. Shivachandra ,
K. N. Viswas  and
A. A. Kumar
S. B. Shivachandra*
Affiliation:
Clinical Bacteriology Laboratory, Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Mukteshwar-263138, Nainital (District), Uttarakhand, India
K. N. Viswas
Affiliation:
Division of Bacteriology and Mycology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, Bareilly-243122, Uttarpradesh, India
A. A. Kumar
Affiliation:
Former Principal Scientist & Principal Investigator, All India Network Project on Haemorrhagic Septicaemia (AINPHS), Division of Bacteriology and Mycology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, Bareilly-243122, Uttarpradesh, India
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: sbshivachandra@gmail.com
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Abstract

Hemorrhagic septicemia (HS), an acute, fatal and septicemic disease of cattle and buffaloes caused by Pasteurella multocida, is important in tropical regions of the world, especially in African and Asian countries. The prevalence of disease has been well documented with predominant isolation of P. multocida serotypes B:2 and E:2. Conventional methods of identification such as serotyping, biotyping, antibiogram determination and pathogenicity as well as molecular methods (P. multocida-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR), a serogroup B-specific PCR assay, multiplex capsular typing system and loop-mediated isothermal amplification techniques) and characterization (restriction endonuclease analysis, randomly amplified polymorphic DNA analysis, repetitive extragenic palidromic PCR and enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus PCR analysis) are applied in parallel for rapid epidemiological investigations of HS outbreaks. Although several vaccine formulations including alum precipitated, oil adjuvant and multiple emulsion vaccines are commercially available, the quest for suitable broadly protective HS vaccines with long-lasting immunity is on the upsurge. Concurrently, attempts are being made to unravel the mysteries of the pathogen and its virulence factors, pathogenesis and determinants of protective immunity as well as diversity among strains of P. multocida. This review highlights the advances in these various aspects of HS.

Keywords

hemorrhagic septicemiaPasteurella multocidavaccinescontrol
Type
Review Article
Information
Animal Health Research Reviews , Volume 12 , Issue 1 , June 2011 , pp. 67 - 82
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2011

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