The relatively small numbers of pelagic cephalopods caught in the RMT-8 samples (0–300 m) in February/March 1983 in the Weddell Sea were dominated by early life stages of the cranchiid squid Galiteuthis glacialis. A total of 48 specimens were caught with dorsal mantle length (ML) ranging from 4–36 mm. They occurred with a mean density of 0.15 ind. × 1000 m−3 and were present in 38% of 33 RMT-8 samples. G. glacialis was the only cranchiid squid found in the Weddell Sea between 66° and 74°S. Its early life stages were concentrated in the layers below the summer thermocline (>50 m) and body sizes appeared to increase towards deeper water layers. For biochemical analyses, nine specimens of G. glacialis (ML 6–18 mm) were sampled in the eastern Weddell Sea between 185–520 m water depth in January/February 1985. Total lipid contents ranged from 8%–11% dry weight (DW) with phospholipids being the main lipid component (43–56% of total lipid). Storage lipids (triacylglycerols) made up 18–26% of total lipid. The relatively low lipid contents may reflect the early development stage of the specimens examined. The data presented give the first information on geographical and vertical distribution patterns of early life stages of G. glacialis in the high-Antarctic Weddell Sea, as well as on their lipid content and composition.