Hostname: page-component-7c8c6479df-27gpq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-03-29T11:51:21.843Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Writing histories at Êngkahonovita Ogwêvi: multicultural entanglement at Red Canyon, Wyoming

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 October 2020

Laura L. Scheiber*
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, Indiana University, USA
Katherine L. Burnett
Affiliation:
Environmental Consulting & Technology, Inc., Ann Arbor, USA
*
*Author for correspondence: ✉ scheiber@indiana.edu

Abstract

In Red Canyon, in the foothills of the Wyoming Rocky Mountains, lie three archaeological sites: a stagecoach station, a tipi ring campsite and a series of faded petroglyphs. Collectively, these three sites offer the opportunity to bridge the divide between the prehistoric and the historic, and to explore multiple forms of cultural entanglement in the American West. This article challenges the scholarly homogenisation of cultural diversity in this region by combining the narratives of these three archaeological sites to reconsider dichotomies between Native and Euro-American, immigrant and resident, and acculturation and tradition.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Antiquity Publications Ltd

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Adams, C.D., White, D.E. & Johnson, D.M.. 2000. Last Chance Canyon: 1869 Apache/cavalry battle site, Lincoln National Forest, New Mexico. Alamogordo (NM): Lincoln National Forest Heritage Program.Google Scholar
Äikäs, T. & Salmi, A.-K. (ed.). 2019. The sound of silence: Indigenous perspectives on the historical archaeology of colonialism. New York: Berghahn.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Anderson, T.J. 1947. 100 years: a history of Bishop Hill, Illinois. Chicago (IL): Theo. G. Anderson.Google Scholar
Andersson, J., Elfwendahl, M., Gustafson, G., Hägerman, B.-M., Lundqvist, R., Lönnquist, U.S., Ulfsdotter, J. & Welinder, S.. 2011. Visible men and elusive women. International Journal of Historical Archaeology 15: 1029. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10761-010-0127-5CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Atalay, S. 2006. Indigenous archaeology as decolonizing practice. American Indian Quarterly 30: 280310. https://doi.org/10.1353/aiq.2006.0015CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Attebery, J.E. 2007. Up in the Rocky Mountains: writing the Swedish immigrant experience. St Paul: University of Minnesota Press.Google Scholar
Bangert, C.J. 1922. Thermopolis chamber of commerce notes. Thermopolis Record, 10 August 1922, p. 1.Google Scholar
Banks, K.M. & Snortland, J.S.. 1995. Every picture tells a story: historic images, tipi camps, and archaeology. Plains Anthropologist 40: 125–44. https://doi.org/10.1080/2052546.1995.11931768CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Basso, K.H. 1996. Wisdom sits in places: landscape and language among the Western Apache. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.Google Scholar
Bickenheuser, C. 2015. Dovetails and broadaxes: hands-on log cabin preservation. Missoula (MO): U.S. Forest Service, National Technology and Development Program.Google Scholar
Big Horn River Pilot. 1897. Chief Washakie, 4 August 1897, p. 1.Google Scholar
Bickenheuser, C. 1898a. Local and Personal, 28 September 1898, p. 3.Google Scholar
Bickenheuser, C. 1898b. Thermopolis & Fort Washakie stage line, 16 November 1898, p. 3.Google Scholar
The Billings Gazette. 1955. Thermop woman's rites conducted, 22 October 1955, p. 14.Google Scholar
Blackhawk, N. 2008. Violence over the land: Indians and empires in the early American West. Cambridge (MA): Harvard University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Burnett, K.L. 2013. ‘The most thrilling event of the night was the arrival at the stage station’: the Nostrum Springs stage station, Thermopolis, Wyoming, in archaeological and social context. Unpublished PhD dissertation, Indiana University.Google Scholar
Cruikshank, J. 2014. Do glaciers listen? Local knowledge, colonial encounters, and social imagination. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press.Google Scholar
Dixon, K.J. 2014. Historical archaeologies of the American West. Journal of Archaeological Research 22: 177228. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10814-013-9071-3CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dosch, D.F. 1973. National Register of Historic Places Inventory Nomination Form: Cunningham Cabin. Available at https://npgallery.nps.gov/NRHP/GetAsset/NRHP/73000225_text (accessed 9 September 2020).Google Scholar
The Douglas Budget. 1950. Chief Washakie, 30 November 1950, p. 4.Google Scholar
Duhig, J. 1952. Gift pageant to be shown. The Billings Gazette, 1 August 1952, p. 14.Google Scholar
Fowler, L. 1982. Arapahoe politics, 1851–1978: symbols in crises of authority. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.Google Scholar
Francis, J.E. & Loendorf, L.L.. 2002. Ancient visions: petroglyphs and pictographs from the Wind River and Bighorn country, Wyoming and Montana. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press.Google Scholar
Funari, P., Hall, M. & Jones, S. (ed.). 1999. Historical archaeology: back from the edge. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Greer, M. & Greer, J.. 2018. Northwestern Plains contact-era warfare as reflected in ethnohistory and rock art studies, in Clark, A.J. & Bamforth, D.B. (ed.) Archaeological perspectives on warfare on the Great Plains: 3765. Boulder: University Press of Colorado.Google Scholar
Hämäläinen, P. & Truett, S.. 2011. On borderlands. Journal of American History 98: 338–61. https://doi.org/10.1093/jahist/jar259CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hardesty, D.L. 1999. Historical archaeology in the next millennium. Historical Archaeology 33: 5158. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03374289CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haught, A.C. 2010. Home Swede home: the archaeology of Swedish cultural identity at a western homestead. Unpublished MA dissertation, University of Montana.Google Scholar
Hot Springs County News. 1944. Chief Washakie gave springs to White man, January 1944, p. 2.Google Scholar
Hultkrantz, Å. 1961. Shoshones in the Rocky Mountain region. Annals of Wyoming 33: 1940.Google Scholar
Hultkrantz, Å. 1997. The Attraction of Peyote: an inquiry into the basic conditions for the diffusion of the Peyote religion in North America (Stockholm Studies in Comparative Religion 33). Stockholm: Almqvist & Wiksell.Google Scholar
Johnson, T.H. & Johnson, H.S.. 2011. Two Toms: lessons from a Shoshone doctor. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press.Google Scholar
Jordan, T.G. 1983. A reappraisal of Fenno-Scandian antecedents for midland American log construction. Geographical Review 73: 5894. https://doi.org/10.2307/214395CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kansas State Board of Agriculture. 1875. Kansas State census, inhabitants residing in Highland, Morris County, Kansas, p. 2. Available at: https://www.ancestry.com (accessed 9 September 2020).Google Scholar
Keyser, J.D. 2007. Turner Rockshelter: a Blackfeet redoubt in the heart of Crow Country. Plains Anthropologist 52: 927. https://doi.org/10.1179/pan.2007.001CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Keyser, J.D. & Klassen, M.A.. 2001. Plains Indian rock art. Seattle: University of Washington Press.Google Scholar
Keyser, J.D. & Poetschat, G.. 2005. Warrior art of Wyoming's Green River Basin: biographic petroglyphs along the Seedskadee (Oregon Archaeological Society Publication 15). Portland: Oregon Archaeological Society.Google Scholar
Keyser, J.D. & Poetschat, G.. 2009. Crow rock art in the Bighorn Basin: petroglyphs at No Water, Wyoming (Oregon Archaeological Society Publication 20). Portland: Oregon Archaeological Society.Google Scholar
Larson, M.L. & Kornfeld, M.. 1994. Betwixt and between the Basin and the Plains: the limits of Numic expansion, in Madsen, D.B. & Rhode, D. (ed.) Across the West: human population movement and the expansion of the Numa: 200–10. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press.Google Scholar
Lightfoot, K.G. 1995. Culture contact studies: redefining the relationship between prehistoric and historical archaeology. American Antiquity 60: 199217. https://doi.org/10.2307/282137CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lightfoot, K.G. & Gonzalez, S.L.. 2018. The study of sustained colonialism: an example from the Kashaya Pomo homeland in northern California. American Antiquity 83: 427–43. https://doi.org/10.1017/aaq.2018.17CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lightfoot, K.G. & Martinez, A.. 1995. Frontiers and boundaries in archaeological perspective. Annual Review of Anthropology 24: 471–92. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.an.24.100195.002351CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lycett, S.J. & Keyser, J.D.. 2019. Time's arrow: toward a social history of Crow biographic art using seriation and multivariate statistics. American Anthropologist 121: 363–75. https://doi.org/10.1111/aman.13260CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Martin, C. 2016. Ephemeral bounty: wickiups, trade goods, and the final years of the autonomous Ute. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press.Google Scholar
McCalman, D.S. 1919. Discusses canyon road. Thermopolis Record, 10 July 1919, p. 8.Google Scholar
McCleary, T. 2016. Crow Indian rock art: Indigenous perspectives and interpretations. New York: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315431130CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McLaughlin, J. 1910. My friend the Indian. New York: Houghton Mifflin.Google Scholar
Milek, D. 1975. The gift of Bah Guewana: a history of Wyoming's Hot Springs State Park. Thermopolis (WY): Pronghorn Enterprises.Google Scholar
Milek, D. 1986. Hot Springs: a Wyoming County history. Basin (WY): Saddlebag.Google Scholar
Mitchell, M.D. & Scheiber, L.L.. 2010. Crossing divides: archaeology as long-term history, in Scheiber, L.L. & Mitchell, M.D. (ed.) Across a great divide: change and continuity in Native North America, 1400–1900: 122. Tucson: University of Arizona Press.Google Scholar
Moore, J.K. Jr 1955. Post trader and Indian trader tokens. Annals of Wyoming 27: 130–35.Google Scholar
Nabokov, P. & Loendorf, L.L.. 2004. Restoring a presence: American Indians and Yellowstone National Park. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press.Google Scholar
Newton, C. 2018. Equestrian hunter-gatherers and the animal trade of the western Great Plains and adjacent Rocky Mountains, 1800–1860. Unpublished PhD dissertation, University of Colorado.Google Scholar
Palmqvist, L.A. 1987. Buildings on Swedish-American farms in two Minnesota communities. Swedish-American Historical Quarterly 38: 1328.Google Scholar
Patten, J.I. 1926. Buffalo hunting with the Shoshone Indians in 1874 in the Big Horn Basin, Wyoming. Annals of Wyoming 4: 296302.Google Scholar
Puseman, K. 2012. Macrofloral analysis of hearth fill and identification of charcoal from stone circles at Site 48HO375 on the Red Canyon Ranch, Wyoming (PaleoResearch Institute Technical Report 12–133). Golden (CO): PaleoResearch Institute.Google Scholar
Scheiber, L.L. 1993. Prehistoric domestic architecture on the northwestern high plains: a temporal analysis of stone circles in Wyoming. Unpublished MA dissertation, University of Wyoming.Google Scholar
Scheiber, L.L. 1994. A probable early nineteenth century crow burial: the pitchfork rockshelter re-examined. Plains Anthropologist 39: 3751. https://doi.org/10.2307/25669228CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scheiber, L.L. 2015. Paths, places, and positions: exploring Rocky Mountain landscapes as resource, symbol, wilderness, and refuge, in Scheiber, L.L. & Zedeño, M.N. (ed.) Engineering mountain landscapes: an anthropology of social investment: 2348. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press.Google Scholar
Scheiber, L.L. & Finley, J.B.. 2010a. Mountain Shoshone technological transitions across the Great Divide, in Scheiber, L.L. & Mitchell, M.D. (ed.) Across a great divide: change and continuity in Native North America, 1400–1900: 128–48. Tucson: University of Arizona Press.Google Scholar
Scheiber, L.L. & Finley, J.B.. 2010b. Domestic campsites and cyber landscapes in the Rocky Mountains. Antiquity 84: 114–30. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003598X00099804CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schneider, T.D., Gonzalez, S.L., Lightfoot, K.G., Panich, L.M. & Russell, M.A.. 2012. A land of cultural pluralism: case studies from California's colonial frontier, in Jones, T.L. & Perry, J.E. (ed.) Contemporary issues in California archaeology: 319–37. Walnut Creek (CA): Left Coast. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315431659-18Google Scholar
Shalinsky, A.C. 1986. Ritual pageantry in the American West: a Wyoming case study. Great Plains Quarterly 6: 2133.Google Scholar
Shimkin, D.B. 1947. Wind River Shoshone ethnogeography. Anthropological Records of the University of California 5: 245–88.Google Scholar
Shimkin, D.B. 1986. Eastern Shoshone, in Sturtevant, W.C. & D'azevedo, W.L. (ed.) The Great Basin (Handbook of North American Indians 11): 308–35. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institute.Google Scholar
Silliman, S.W. 2010. Indigenous traces in colonial spaces: archaeologies of ambiguity, origins, and practices. Journal of Social Archaeology 10: 2858. https://doi.org/10.1177/1469605309353127CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stamm, H.E. 1999a. People of the Wind River: the Eastern Shoshones 1825–1900. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press.Google Scholar
Stamm, H.E. 1999b. Range wars: cowboys and Indians in the Wind River Basin, 1880–1890. Journal of the West 38: 4855.Google Scholar
State Board of Live Stock Commissioners of Wyoming. 1912. Official brand book of the state of Wyoming: showing all the brands on cattle, horses, mules, asses and sheep, recorded under the provisions of the act approved February 18th, 1909, and other brands recorded up to October 11th, 1912. Laramie (WY): Laramie Republican Company.Google Scholar
Thermopolis Independent Record. Thermopolis hot springs visitors guide, 2019, p. 18.Google Scholar
U.S. Census Bureau. 1870. Ninth federal census of the United States, inhabitants residing in Weller, Henry County, Illinois, p. 35. Available at: http:/www.ancestry.com (accessed 9 September 2020).Google Scholar
U.S. Census Bureau. 1880. Tenth federal census of the United States, inhabitants residing in Lions City, Beaverhead County, Montana, p. 18. Available at: http:/www.ancestry.com (accessed 9 September 2020).Google Scholar
U.S. Census Bureau. 1900. Twelfth federal census of the United States, inhabitants residing in Thermopolis, Fremont County, Wyoming, sheet no. 6B. Available at: http:/www.ancestry.com (accessed 9 September 2020).Google Scholar
Watkins, J. 2005. Through wary eyes: Indigenous perspectives on archaeology. Annual Review of Anthropology 34: 429–49. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.anthro.34.081804.120540CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wells, T. 1998. Nail chronology: the use of technologically derived features. Historical Archaeology 32: 7899. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03374252CrossRefGoogle Scholar
White, J. 2012. Swedish to American: built form at the Bishop Hill Colony. Material Culture 44: 5068.Google Scholar
Wind River Mountaineer. 1905. Local news. 27 October 1905, p. 3.Google Scholar