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The Azure-rumped Tanager Tangara cabanisi is a globally threatened species restricted to the Pacific slope mountains of western Guatemala and Chiapas, Mexico. We studied the habitat use of this tanager on the southern slope of Atitlán volcano, department Suchitepéquez, Guatemala, applying distance sampling along transects in humid broadleaf forest and coffee plantations. The tanager was recorded in both habitat types, but encounter rates were significantly greater in broadleaf forest. The estimated density of tanagers in forest at 1,400–1,900 m was 33–93 birds km−2. Tanagers were recorded mainly in the upper vegetation strata of forest and shade coffee plantations. In coffee plantations tanagers used mainly tall solitary trees or the canopy of shade trees, which were dominated by Inga spp. The number of observations of feeding tanagers in Ficus aurea (Moraceae) indicated a high importance of this food source. The density of F. aurea trees and the encounter rate of tanagers were positively correlated. From 1987 to 2009 tanagers have been recorded at nine topographic units and a total of 16 sites in Guatemala, in the departments of San Marcos, Quetzaltenango, Sololá, Suchitepéquez, and Chimaltenango. We analysed the available habitat for tanagers in the potential area of distribution (1,170 km2), ranging from 900 to 1,900 m altitude and from the Mexican border in the West to the municipality of Pochuta in the East. Broadleaf forest covers 250 km2 or 21% of the potential area of distribution, and coffee plantations cover 800 km2 or 68%. Assuming that population density in prime habitat throughout the potential distribution range is similar to our study area at Atitlán volcano, total tanager population in Guatemala is estimated to be 8,250–23,250 birds. Our findings support the maintenance of the IUCN Red List status of Endangered EN B1a+b(ii,iii,v). To enhance the available habitat for Azure-rumped Tanager, we propose alterations in the shade management of coffee plantations, supported by incentives and certification programmes.
La Tángara de Cabanis Tangara cabanisi es una especie globalmente amenazada que está restringida a las montañas de la vertiente Pacífica en el oeste de Guatemala y a Chiapas, México. Estudiamos el uso de hábitat de esta tángara en la vertiente sur del volcán Atitlán, departamento de Suchitepéquez, Guatemala, aplicando el método de “distance sampling” a lo largo de transectos en bosque latifoliado húmedo y en plantaciones de café. Las Tángaras de Cabanis fueron registradas en ambos tipos de hábitat, pero el índice de detección fue significativamente mayor en bosque latifoliado. La densidad estimada de la poblacón de la Tángara de Cabanis en bosque de 1,400–1,900 m fue de 33–93 individuos km−2. Las tángaras fueron registradas principalmente en el estrato superior de vegetación. En plantaciones de café las tángaras usaron principalmente árboles altos solitarios o el dosel de árboles de sombra, que fue dominado por Inga spp. El número de observaciones de tángaras alimentándose en Ficus aurea (Moraceae) indicó una alta importancia de este recurso alimenticio. La densidad de árboles de F. aurea y el índice de detección de Tángara de Cabanis estuvieron positivamente correlacionadas. De 1987 a 2009 la Tángara de Cabanis ha sido registrada en nueve unidades topográficas y un total de 16 lugares en Guatemala, en los departamentos de San Marcos, Quetzaltenango, Sololá, Suchitepéquez y Chimaltenango. Analizamos el hábitat disponible para las Tángaras de Cabanis en su área potencial de distribución (1,170 km2), cubriendo desde 900 hasta 1,900 m de altitud, y desde la frontera con México al oeste hasta el municipio de Pochuta en el este. Los bosques latifoliados cubren 250 km2 ó 21% de esta área y las plantaciones de café cubren 800 km2 ó 68%. Asumiendo una densidad de Tángaras de Cabanis similar al área de estudio en volcán Atitlán en todos los bosques latifoliados, la población total en Guatemala se estima en 8,250–23,250 individuos. La información de uso de hábitat y extensión de hábitat apropiado justifica mantener el estado de Amenazada EN B1a+b(ii,iii,v) en la Lista Roja de UICN. Para aumentar el hábitat disponible para la Tángara de Cabanis proponemos alteraciones en el manejo de sombra de plantaciones de café, apoyado por programas de incentivos y certificaciones.
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