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British Journal of Nutrition British Journal of Nutrition

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Acute exposure to a hot ambient temperature reduces energy intake but does not affect gut hormones in men during rest

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 July 2020

Julia K. Zakrzewski-Fruer Open the ORCID record for Julia K. Zakrzewski-Fruer[Opens in a new window] ,
Rachel N. Horsfall ,
Diane Cottrill  and
John Hough
Julia K. Zakrzewski-Fruer*
Affiliation:
Institute for Sport and Physical Activity Research, School of Sport Science and Physical Activity, University of Bedfordshire, Bedford MK41 9EA, UK
Rachel N. Horsfall
Affiliation:
Institute for Sport and Physical Activity Research, School of Sport Science and Physical Activity, University of Bedfordshire, Bedford MK41 9EA, UK
Diane Cottrill
Affiliation:
Institute for Sport and Physical Activity Research, School of Sport Science and Physical Activity, University of Bedfordshire, Bedford MK41 9EA, UK
John Hough
Affiliation:
Institute for Sport and Physical Activity Research, School of Sport Science and Physical Activity, University of Bedfordshire, Bedford MK41 9EA, UK School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK
*
*Corresponding author: Julia K. Zakrzewski-Fruer, email Julia.Fruer@beds.ac.uk
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Abstract

This study examined the effect of ambient temperature on energy intake, perceived appetite and gut hormone responses during rest in men. Thirteen men (age 21·5 (sd 1·4) years; BMI 24·7 (sd 2·2) kg/m2) completed three, 5·5 h conditions in different ambient temperatures: (i) cold (10°C), (ii) thermoneutral (20°C) and (iii) hot (30°C). A standardised breakfast was consumed after fasting measures, and an ad libitum lunch provided at 4–4·5 h. Blood samples (analysed for plasma acylated ghrelin, total peptide tyrosine-tyrosine (PYY) and total glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) concentrations), perceived appetite and thermoregulatory responses were collected throughout. Linear mixed models were used for statistical analyses. Ad libitum energy intake was 1243 (sd 1342) kJ higher in 10°C and 1189 (sd 1219) kJ higher in 20 v. 30°C (P = 0·002). Plasma acylated ghrelin, total PYY and GLP-1 concentrations did not differ significantly between the conditions (P ≥ 0·303). Sensitivity analyses for the 4 h pre-lunch period showed that perceived overall appetite was lower in both 30 and 10°C when compared with 20°C (P ≤ 0·019). In conclusion, acutely resting in a hot compared with a thermoneutral and cold ambient temperature reduced lunchtime ad libitum energy intake in healthy men. Suppressed perceived appetite may have contributed to the reduced energy intake in the hot compared with thermoneutral ambient temperature, whereas gut hormones did not appear to play an important role.

Keywords

AppetiteAppetite-regulating hormonesEnvironmental temperatureNutritionThermoregulation
Type
Full Papers
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 125 , Issue 8 , 28 April 2021 , pp. 951 - 959
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2020

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