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Critical evaluation of the factorial and heart-rate recording methods for the determination of energy expenditure of free-living elderly people

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Beatrice Morio ,
Patrick Ritz ,
Elisabeth Verdier ,
Christophe Montaurier ,
Bernard Beaufrere  and
Michel Vermorel
Beatrice Morio
Affiliation:
CRNH, Université d'Auvergne, Laboratoire de Nutrition Humaine, BP 321-58 rue Montalembert, 63009 Clermont-Ferrand cédex 1, France
Patrick Ritz
Affiliation:
CRNH, Université d'Auvergne, Laboratoire de Nutrition Humaine, BP 321-58 rue Montalembert, 63009 Clermont-Ferrand cédex 1, France
Elisabeth Verdier
Affiliation:
CRNH, Université d'Auvergne, Laboratoire de Nutrition Humaine, BP 321-58 rue Montalembert, 63009 Clermont-Ferrand cédex 1, France
Christophe Montaurier
Affiliation:
CRNH, Université d'Auvergne, Laboratoire de Nutrition Humaine, BP 321-58 rue Montalembert, 63009 Clermont-Ferrand cédex 1, France
Bernard Beaufrere
Affiliation:
CRNH, Université d'Auvergne, Laboratoire de Nutrition Humaine, BP 321-58 rue Montalembert, 63009 Clermont-Ferrand cédex 1, France
Michel Vermorel
Affiliation:
INRA, U. Métabolismes énérgétique et lipidique, 63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
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Abstract

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The aim of the present study was to validate against the doubly-labelled water (DLW) technique the factorial method and the heart rate (HR) recording method for determining daily energy expenditure (DEE) of elderly people in free-living conditions. The two methods were first calibrated and validated in twelve healthy subjects (six males and six females; 70·1 (sd 2·7) years) from opencircuit whole-body indirect calorimetry measurements during three consecutive days and during 1 d respectively. Mean energy costs of the various usual activities were determined for each subject using the factorial method, and individual relationships were set up between HR and energy expenditure for the HR recording method. In free-living conditions, DEE was determined over the same period of time by the DLW, the factorial and the HR recording methods during 17, 14 and 4 d respectively. Mean free-living DEE values for men estimated using the DLW, the factorial and the HR recording methods were 12·8 (sd 3·1), 12·7 (sd 2·2) and 13·5 (sd 2·7) MJ/d respectively. Mean free-living DEE values for women were 9·6 (sd 0·8), 8·8 (sd 1·2) and 10·2 (sd 1·5) MJ/d respectively. No significant differences were found between the three methods for either sex, using the Bland & Altman (1986) test. Mean differences in DEE of men were -0·9 (sd 11·8) % between the factorial and DLW methods, and +4·7 (sd 16·1) % between the HR recording and DLW methods. Similarly, in women, mean differences were -7·7 (sd 12·7) % between the factorial and DLW methods, and +5·9 (sd 8·8) % between the HR recording and DLW methods. It was concluded that the factorial and the HR recording methods are satisfactory alternatives to the DLW method when considering the mean DEE of a group of subjects. Furthermore, mean energy costs of activities calculated in the present study using the factorial method were shown to be suitable for determining free-living DEE of elderly people when the reference value (i.e. sleeping metabolic rate) is accurately measured.

Keywords

Energy expenditureFree-living conditionsElderly
Type
Human and Clinical Nutrition
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 78 , Issue 5 , November 1997 , pp. 709 - 722
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1997

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