Skip to main content
×
×
Home

Genetic variation in Heliothis in Australia: species identification and gene flow in the two pest species H. armigera (Hübner) and H. punctigera Wallengren (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

  • Joanne C. Daly (a1) and Peter Gregg (a2)
Abstract

Genetic (electrophoretic) variation was examined in the two pest species of Heliothis found in Australia, H. armigera (Hübner) and H. punctigera Wallengren. They could be differentiated by seven loci which enabled identification of individual eggs and small larvae not normally distinguishable by their morphology. The traditional criteria for distinguishing the larger larvae of the two species were shown to be unreliable. The genetic distance between the two species was 0·34 ± 0·02. The percentage of loci polymorphic in both species, 32%, and the mean heterozygosities, 11·3% for H. armigera and 10·8% for H. punctigera, are lower than those reported in the American species, H. virescens (F.) and H. zea (Boddie). Populations throughout Australia were differentiated from each other, but there did not appear to be a marked geographic pattern to the variation. Genetic distances between populations of H. armigera were low (<0·01). It was concluded that the effective population size of Heliothis is large and that significant gene flow probably occurs between widely separated regions.

Copyright
References
Hide All
Anon [N.S.W Department of Agriculture, Queensland Department of Primary Industries & C.S.I.R.O. Cotton Research Unit.] (1983). Pyrethroid resistance.—Aust. Cott. Grow. 4 (3), 47.
Avise, J. C. (1974). Systematic value of electrophoretic data.Syst. Zool. 23, 465481.
Avise, J. C. (1976). Genetic differentiation during speciation.–pp. 106–122 in Ayala, F. J. (Ed.). Molecular evolution.–277 pp. Massachusetts, Sinauer.
Baker, R. J. & Nelder, J. A. (1978). The GLIM system release 3: generalised interactive modelling: manualOxford, Numerical Algorithms Group.
Bartlett, A. C. (1981 a). Isozyme polymorphisms in boll weevils and thurberia weevils from ArizonaAnn. ent. Soc. Am. 74, 359362.
Bartlett, A. C. (1981 b). Isozyme polymorphism in populations of the pink bollworm.Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 74, 913.
Broadley, R. H. (1977). Heliothis … serious agricultural pests in Queensland.Qd agric. J. 103, 536545.
Common, I. F. B. (1953). The Australian species of Heliothis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and their pest status.Aust. J. Zool. 1, 319344.
Crow, J. F. & Kimura, M. (1970). An introduction to population genetics theory.591 pp. New York, Harper & Row.
Drake, V. A, Helm, K. F, Readshaw, J. L & Reid, D. G (1981). Insect migration across Bass Strait during spring: a radar studyBull. ent. Res. 71, 449466.
Everitt, B. S (1977). The analysis of contingency tables.128 pp. London, Chapman & Hall.
Georghiou, G. P & Taylor, C. E (1977). Pesticide resistance as an evolutionary phenomenon.—Proc. XV Int. Congr. Ent. 759785.
Goodyer, G. J, Wilson, A. G. L., Attia, F. I & Clift, A. D (1975). Insecticide resistance in Heliothis armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in the Namoi Valley of New South Wales, AustraliaJ. Aust. entomol. Soc. 14, 171173.
Hackett, D. S & Gatehouse, A. G (1982). Studies on the biology of Heliothis spp. in Sudan.—pp. 29–38 in Reed, W. & Kumble, V. (Eds.). Proceedings of the International Workshop on Heliothis management, ICRISAT Center, Patancheru, India, 15–20 November 1981418 pp. Patancheru, India, ICRISAT.
Haggis, M. J (1981). Spatial and temporal changes in the distribution of eggs of Heliothis armiger (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on cotton in the Sudan Gezira.Bull. ent. Res. 71, 183193.
Harris, H. & Hopkinson, D. A (1976). Handbook of enzyme electrophoresis on human genetics.Amsterdam, North-Holland Publ. Co.
Hardwick, D. F (1965). The corn earworm complex.—Mem. entomol. Soc. Can. no. 40, 247 pp.
Holloway, J. D (1977). The Lepidoptera of Norfolk Island: their biogeography and ecology.—291 pp. The Hague, Junk (Series Entomologica vol. 13).
Kirkpatrick, T. H (1961). Comparative morphological studies of Heliothis species (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Queensland.Qd J. agric. Sci. 18, 179194.
Lewontin, R. C (1974). The genetic basis of evolutionary change.346 pp. New York, Columbia University Press.
Morton, R., Tuart, L. D & Wardhaugh, K. G (1981). The analysis and standardisation of light-trap catches of Heliothis armiger (Hübner) and H. punctiger Wallengren (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).Bull. ent. Res. 71, 207225.
Nei, M. (1978). Estimation of average heterozygosity and genetic distance from a small number of individualsGenetics 89, 583590.
Poulik, M. D (1957). Starch gel electrophoresis in a discontinuous system of buffers.—Nature, Lond. 180, 14771479.
Raulston, J. R, Wolf, W. W, Lingren, P. D & Sparks, A. N (1982). Migration as a factor in Heliothis management.—pp. 61–73 in Reed, W. & Kumble, V. (Eds.). Proceedings of the International Workshop on Heliothis management, ICRISAT Center, Patancheru, India, 15–20 November 1981418 pp Patancheru, India, ICRISAT.
Rothschild, G. H. L. (1978). Attractants for Heliothis armigera and H. punctigera.J. Aust. entomol. Soc. 17, 389390.
Roome, R. E (1975). Activity of adult Heliothis armigera (Hb.) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) with reference to the flowering of sorghum and maize in Botswana.Bull. ent. Res. 65, 523530.
Selander, R. K (1976). Genie variation in natural populations.—pp. 21–41 in Ayala, F. J (Ed.). Molecular evolution277 pp Massachusetts, Sinauer.
Shaw, C. R & Prasad, R. (1970). Starch gel electrophoresis of enzymes—a compilation of recipes.—Biochem. Genet. 4, 297320.
Slatkin, M. (1981). Estimating levels of gene flow in natural populations.—Genetics 99, 323335.
Sluss, T. P & Graham, H. M (1979). Allozyme variation in natural populations of Heliothis virescens.Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 72, 317322.
Sluss, T. P, Sluss, E. S, Graham, H. M & Dubois, M. (1978). Allozyme differences between Heliothis virescens and H. zea.Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 71, 191195.
Stanley, S. M (1978). Competitive interactions between the larvae of Heliothis armigera (Hübner) and Heliothis punctigera Wallengren (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).—200 pp. Ph.D. thesis, Australian National University, Canberra.
Terranova, A. C (1981). Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of Anthonomus grandis Boheman proteins. Profile of a standard boll weevil strainAgricultural Research Results, Science and Education Administration, United States Department of Agriculture ARR–S–9, 48 pp.
Twine, P. H & Kay, I. R (1973). Heliothis species and DDT resistance.Qd. agric. J. 99, 520522.
Wardhaugh, K. G, Room, P. M & Greenup, L. R (1980). The incidence of Heliothis armigera(Hübner) and H. punctigera Wallengren (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on cotton and other host-plants in the Namoi Valley of New South Wales.—Bull. ent. Res. 70, 113—131.
Wilson, A. G. L. (1974). Resistance of Heliothis armigera to insecticides in the Ord irrigation area, North Western Australia.J. econ. Ent. 67, 256258.
Wilson, A. G. L. (1983). Abundance and mortality of overwintering Heliothis spp.J. Aust. entomol. Soc. 22, 191199.
Wilson, A. G. L., Lewis, T. & Cunningham, R. B (1979). Overwintering and spring emergence of Heliothis armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in the Namoi Valley, New South Wales.Bull. ent. Res. 69, 97109.
Recommend this journal

Email your librarian or administrator to recommend adding this journal to your organisation's collection.

Bulletin of Entomological Research
  • ISSN: 0007-4853
  • EISSN: 1475-2670
  • URL: /core/journals/bulletin-of-entomological-research
Please enter your name
Please enter a valid email address
Who would you like to send this to? *
×

Metrics

Full text views

Total number of HTML views: 0
Total number of PDF views: 20 *
Loading metrics...

Abstract views

Total abstract views: 212 *
Loading metrics...

* Views captured on Cambridge Core between September 2016 - 12th June 2018. This data will be updated every 24 hours.