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The Ship-owners of Saint Malo in the Eighteenth Century1

  • Henri Sée
Extract

When to-day the visitor to one of the fairest countrysides in the world sees Saint Malo rise proudly from its rocky islet, surrounded by ancient walls, like a vessel about to put out to sea, he finds it difficult to imagine that this port once played a great part in the commercial and maritime history of France. Nowadays a great port must be situated at the mouth of a great river or it must serve as outlet for a rich agricultural and industrial region. It must be capable of accommodating ships of large tonnage. Saint Malo fulfills none of these conditions. But, until the nineteenth century, when boats, even those engaged in making voyages to distant parts of the world, were of very slight tonnage, (generally from 200 to 400 tons), conditions were different. Saint Malo was a busy port with an active commercial life. The development of a commission and carrying trade rendered an important and fruitful hinterland less necessary then than now; and in troublous times the security afforded by a strong military situation was much appreciated.

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page 4 note 1 See Clark, G. N., The Anglo-Dutch Alliance and the War against French Trade, Manchester, 1923.

page 4 note 2 See Dahlgren, E. W., Les relations commerciales et maritimes entre la France et les côtes de l'Océan Pacifique, Paris, 1909, and Voyages François à destination des mers du Sud, 1695–1749 (Nouvelles archives des missións scientifiques, Vol. 14, 1907). Cf. the very interesting study by Léon Vignols, Le commerce interlope dans les mers du Sud (Revue d'histoire économique, 1925); et Dupont, L'abbé Noël Jouin, Paris, 1927.

page 5 note 1 See Scelle, Georges, Histoire politique de la traité négrière aux Indes de Castille, Paris, 1906 (law thesis); L. Vignols and H. Sée, La fin du commerce interlope dans l'Amérique espagnole (Revue d'histoire économique, 1925); André Lesort, Les transactions d'un négociant malouin avec l'Amerique espagnole (Revue de l'histoire des colonies françaises, 1921, pp. 239–268).

page 5 note 2 See, for example, my Le commerce de Saint-Malo au 18e siècle, d'après les papiers des Magon (in the Mémoires et documents pour servir à l'histoire du commerce et de l'industrie, published by Julien Hayem, 9th.series, 1925).

page 5 note 3 On this industry, see F. Bourdais and René Durand, L'industrie et le commerce de la toile en Bretagne au 18e siècle (Comité des travaux historiques, section d'histoire moderne et contemporaine, 1922).

page 6 note 1 See Sée, H., L'évolution commerciale et industrielle de la France sous l'Ancien Régime, Paris, 1925.

page 7 note 1 See Robidon, Abbé, Les derniers corsaires malouins, Rennes, 1919 (University of Rennes thesis); Vignols, Léon, La course maritime (Revue d'histoire économique, 1927).

page 7 note 2 Sée, H., La vie économique et les classes sociales à Saint-Malo au 18e siècle, d'après les rôles de la capitation (Mémoires at documents, of Julien Hayem, 9th series, 1925).

page 7 note 3 See Sée, H. and Lesort, A., Cahiers de la sénéchaussée de Rennes, Vol. III, p. 1, et sec.

page 9 note 1 See Bourde de la Rogerie, Introduction à, l'Inventaire de la série B des archives du Finistère, p. 169. Pinczou du Sel des Monts writes, in 1756 (Considérations sur le commerce de Bretagne, p. 14) “In ten years the negociants of Saint Malo have bought lands amounting to at least ten millions.”

page 9 note 2 See Sée, H., Les origines de la société minière de Pontpéan (Mémoires de la Société d'histoire de Bretagne, 1925).

page 9 note 3 Aleth was the primitive name of Saint Malo.

1 We are indebted to Miss Alice M. Belcher of the staff of the Harvard Economic Society for this translation.

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  • ISSN: 0007-6805
  • EISSN: 2044-768X
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