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Resistance to wheat midge (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in winter wheat and the origins of resistance in spring wheat (Poaceae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 July 2015

R.J. Lamb ,
M.A.H. Smith ,
I.L. Wise  and
R.I.H. McKenzie
R.J. Lamb*
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Cereal Research Centre, 101 Route 100, Unit 100, Morden, Manitoba, Canada R6M 1Y5
M.A.H. Smith
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Cereal Research Centre, 101 Route 100, Unit 100, Morden, Manitoba, Canada R6M 1Y5
I.L. Wise
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Cereal Research Centre, 101 Route 100, Unit 100, Morden, Manitoba, Canada R6M 1Y5
R.I.H. McKenzie
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Cereal Research Centre, 101 Route 100, Unit 100, Morden, Manitoba, Canada R6M 1Y5
*
2Corresponding author (e-mail: lambmack@mts.net).
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Abstract

Nine winter wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum Linnaeus) (Poaceae) were the source of the Sm1 gene for resistance to wheat midge, Sitodiplosis mosellana (Géhin) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), in spring wheat. All nine showed antibiosis characteristic of Sm1, as expected. They also showed oviposition deterrence and reduced hatch, which contributed to overall resistance. The overall level of resistance of the nine winter wheat cultivars was usually lower than that of resistant spring wheat lines in laboratory trials, but equally high in a field trial. Five of seven other North American winter wheat cultivars also showed resistance. Three of these were grown in the 1920s and earlier, before wheat varieties were officially registered. One of these, “Mediterranean”, came from Europe in the 1880s and may be the origin of Sm1 in North America. Two of 11 Chinese winter wheat lines showed resistance to wheat midge but at a lower level than that characteristic of Sm1. Widespread resistance in North American winter wheat cultivars was unexpected because wheat midge has not been a pest of winter wheat for many decades. North American winter wheat cultivars can provide sources of resistance to wheat midge, particularly high levels of oviposition deterrence as exhibited by “Goens” and “Rawhide”.

Type
Insect Management
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 148 , Issue 2 , April 2016 , pp. 229 - 238
Copyright
© Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, as represented by Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada 2015 

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Footnotes

Subject editor: Gilles Boiteau

1

Deceased 2015/01/09.

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