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Seasonal abundance and synchrony between Laricobius nigrinus (Coleoptera: Derodontidae) and its prey, the hemlock woolly adelgid (Hemiptera: Adelgidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2012

G.M.G. Zilahi-Balogh ,
L.M. Humble ,
A.B. Lamb ,
S.M. Salom  and
L.T. Kok
G.M.G. Zilahi-Balogh
Affiliation:
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Entomology Department, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States 24061-0319
L.M. Humble
Affiliation:
Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Pacific Forestry Centre, 506 West Burnside Road, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8Z 1M5
A.B. Lamb
Affiliation:
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Entomology Department, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States 24061-0319
S.M. Salom*
Affiliation:
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Entomology Department, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States 24061-0319
L.T. Kok
Affiliation:
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Entomology Department, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States 24061-0319
*
1Corresponding author (e-mail: salom@vt.edu).
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Abstract

Laricobius nigrinus Fender, native to the Pacific Northwest, is being evaluated as a potential biological control agent of the hemlock woolly adelgid, Adelges tsugae Annand, in the eastern United States. Members of the genus Laricobius feed exclusively on adelgids. Adelges tsugae is found on hemlocks (Tsuga sp.) in North America and Asia, but is considered only a pest of eastern [Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carrière] and Carolina (Tsuga caroliniana Engelmann) hemlocks in eastern North America. This is the first detailed study of the life history of L. nigrinus and its interaction with A. tsugae. Results of a 2-year field study conducted in a seed orchard in British Columbia on the seasonal abundance of L. nigrinus and its prey, A. tsugae, revealed that (i) the sistens generation of A. tsugae matures 2-3 months earlier than previously reported in Virginia and Connecticut, (ii) no A. tsugae sexuparae were observed, which differs from findings in Virginia and Connecticut, (iii) L. nigrinus adults undergo an aestival diapause that coincides with diapausing first instar A. tsugae sistens, and (iv) oviposition and subsequent larval development of L. nigrinus coincides with oviposition by the A. tsugae sistens adults, indicating good synchrony between L. nigrinus and suitable prey stages of A. tsugae.

Résumé

Le potentiel de Laricobius nigrinus Fender, indigène dans le nord-ouest américain, comme agent de lutte biologique contre le puceron lanigère de la pruche, Adelges tsugae Annand, a été évalué dans l'est des États-Unis. Les espèces du genre Laricobius se nourrissent exclusivement d'Adelgidae. Le puceron lanigère de la pruche vit sur les pruches (Tsuga sp.) en Amérique du Nord et en Asie, mais n'est considéré comme un ravageur important que sur la pruche du Canada [Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carrière] et la pruche de la Caroline (Tsugacaroliniana Engelmann) dans l'est de l'Amérique du Nord. Ce travail est le résultat de la première recherche détaillée sur le cycle biologique de L. nigrinus et ses interactions avec A. tsugae. Les résultats obtenus au cours d'une étude de 2 ans sur l'abondance de L. nigrinus et de sa proie A. tsugae en nature, dans une pépinière à graines de Colombie-Britannique, indiquent (i) que la génération de sistons d'A. tsugae parvient à maturité 2-3 mois plus tôt qu'en Virginie et au Connecticut, (ii) qu'il ne semble pas y avoir de sexuparae chez cette population, comme on en trouve en Virginie et au Connecticut, (iii) que les adultes de L. nigrinus subissent une diapause estivale qui coïncide avec les sistons de premier stade en diapause d'A. tsugae et (iv) que la ponte et le développement larvaire subséquent de L. nigrinus coïncident avec la ponte des sistons adultes d'A. tsugae, ce qui montre une bonne synchronisation entre L. nigrinus et les stades d'A. tsugae qui lui conviennent.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 135 , Issue 1 , February 2003 , pp. 103 - 115
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 2003

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