Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-qsmjn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-23T22:58:00.191Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Constituency Campaigning in the Age of Data

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 November 2017

Kaija Belfry Munroe*
Affiliation:
Quest University Canada
H.D. Munroe*
Affiliation:
Quest University Canada
*
Social Sciences Division, Quest University Canada, 3200 University Boulevard, Squamish, BC, V8B 0N8, email: kbm@questu.ca
Social Sciences Division, Quest University Canada, 3200 University Boulevard, Squamish, BC, V8B 0N8, email: doug.munroe@questu.ca

Abstract

This paper examines how Canadian constituency campaigns perceive and use data in elections. We apply a conceptual framework for data-driven campaigning, developed from existing literature, to participant observations and interview responses from the Conservative, Liberal and NDP campaigns in a single riding during the general election of 2015. The rhetoric of “big data” notwithstanding, we find significant variation in the extent and nature of the use of data at the constituency level, and that the increasing use of data in electioneering may have a centralizing effect on traditionally stratarchical political party organization.

Résumé

Cet article examine la perception et l'utilisation des données à l'occasion des campagnes de circonscription au Canada. Nous appliquons un cadre conceptuel pour les campagnes guidées par données, élaboré à partir de la documentation existante, aux observations des participants et aux réponses obtenues aux entrevues lors des campagnes des partis conservateur, libéral et néo-démocrate dans une seule circonscription au cours de l’élection générale de 2015. En dépit de l'argumentation sur les « mégadonnées », nous constatons une variation significative dans l’étendue et la nature de l'utilisation des données à l’échelon de la circonscription et que l'utilisation croissante des données dans les manœuvres électoralistes peut avoir un effet centralisateur sur l'organisation traditionnellement stratarchique du parti politique.

Type
Research Article/Étude originale
Copyright
Copyright © Canadian Political Science Association (l'Association canadienne de science politique) and/et la Société québécoise de science politique 2017 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Barocas, Solon. 2012. “The Price of Precision: Voter Microtargeting and Its Potential Harms to the Democratic Process.” PLEAD'12: Proceedings of the first edition workshop on Politics, elections and data. ACM: New York, NY.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bennett, Colin. 2015. “Trends in Voter Surveillance in Western Societies: Privacy Intrusions and Democratic Implications.” Surveillance and Society 13 (3/4): 370–84.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bimber, Bruce. 2014. “Digital Media in the Obama Campaigns of 2008 and 2012: Adaptation to the Personalized Political Communication Environment.” Journal of Information Technology & Politics 11 (2): 130–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carty, R. Kenneth. 2004. “Parties as Franchise Systems: The Stratarchical Organizational Imperative.” Party Politics 10 (1): 524.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carty, R. Kenneth and Cross, William. 2006. “Can Stratarchically Organized Parties Be Democratic? The Canadian Case.” Journal of Elections, Public Opinion and Parties 16 (2): 93114.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carty, R. Kenneth and Eagles, Munroe. 1999. “Do Local Campaigns Matter? Campaign Spending, the Local Canvass and Party Support in Canada.” Electoral Studies 18 (1): 6987.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carty, R. Kenneth and Eagles, Munroe. 2005. Politics is Local: National Politics at the Grassroots. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Coletto, David, Jansen, Harold J. and Young, Lisa. 2011. “Stratarchical Party Organization and Party Finance in Canada.” Canadian Journal of Political Science/Revue Canadienne de Science Politique 44 (01): 111–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Delacourt, Susan. 2013. Shopping for Votes: How Politicians Choose Us and We Choose Them. 2nd ed. Madeira Park BC: Douglas & McIntyre.Google Scholar
Eagles, Munroe. 1993. “Money and Votes in Canada: Campaign Spending and Parliamentary Election Outcomes, 1984 and 1988.” Canadian Public Policy 19 (4): 432–49.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eagles, Munroe. 2004. “The Effectiveness of Local Campaign Spending in the 1993 and 1997 Federal Elections in Canada.” Canadian Journal of Political Science/Revue Canadienne de Science Politique 37 (01): 117–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Flanagan, Tom. 2007. Harper's Team: Behind the Scenes in the Conservative Rise to Power. Montreal and Kingston: McGill-Queen's University Press.Google Scholar
Flanagan, Tom. 2014. Winning Power: Canadian Campaigning in the Twenty-First Century. Montreal and Kingston: McGill-Queen's Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fletcher, Frederick J. and Bell, David V. J.. 1991. Reaching the Voter: Constituency Campaigning in Canada. Royal Commission on Electoral Reform and Party Financing.Google Scholar
Franz, Michael M. 2013. “Targeting Campaign Messages: Good for Campaigns but Bad for America?” In New Directions in Media and Politics, ed. Ridout, Travis. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Germany, Julie Barko. 2009. “The Online Revolution.” In Campaigning for President 2008: Strategy and Tactics, New Voices and New Techniques, ed. Johnson, Dennis W.. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Germany, Julie. 2014. “Advances in Campaign Technology.” In Campaigning for President 2012: Strategy and Tactics, ed. Johnson, Dennis W.. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Gillespie, Andra and Michelson, Melissa R.. 2011. “Participant Observation and the Political Scientist: Possibilities, Priorities, and Practicalities.” PS: Political Science and Politics 44 (2): 261265 Google Scholar
Green, Donald P. and Gerber, Alan S.. 2008. Get out the Vote: How to Increase Voter Turnout. 2nd ed, Washington DC: Brookings Institution.Google Scholar
Issenberg, Sasha. 2012a. The Victory Lab: The Secret Science of Winning Campaigns. New York: Broadway Books.Google Scholar
Issenberg, Sasha. 2012b. “How Obama Used Big Data to Rally Voters.” MIT Technology Review. https://www.technologyreview.com/s/508836/how-obama-used-big-data-to-rally-voters/ (August 26).Google Scholar
Johnson, Dennis W. 2010. Campaigning in the Twenty-first Century: A Whole New Ballgame? New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Karpf, David. 2013. “The Internet and American Political Campaigns.” The Forum. 11 (3): 413–28CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mayer-Schonberger, Viktor and Cukier, Kenneth. 2014. Big Data: A Revolution That Will Transform How We Live, Work, and Think. Repr ed. Boston: Eamon Dolan/Mariner Books.Google Scholar
Medvic, Stephen K. 2011. “Campaign Management and Organization: The Use and Impact of Information and Communication Technology.” In New Directions in Campaigns and Elections, ed. Medvic, Stephern K. New York: Routledge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nielsen, Rasmus. 2012. Ground Wars. Princeton NJ: Princeton University Press CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Norquay, Geoff. 2008. “Organizing without an Organization: The Obama Networking Revolution.” Policy Options: October 2008.Google Scholar
Rubenstein, Ira S. 2014. “Voter Privacy in the Age of Big Data.” Wisconsin Law Review: 861936 Google Scholar
Sayers, Anthony M. 1999. Parties, Candidates and Constituency Campaigns in Canadian Elections Vancouver: UBC Press Google Scholar