Towards the Development of a Canadian-American Scale: A Research Note

1 Cf. Clark, S. D., “The Importance of Anti-Americanism in Canadian National Feeling,” in Angus, H. F. (ed.). Canada and her Great Neighbor (New York: Russell, 1938); Clark, S. D., The Developing Canadian Community (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1968); Johnson, H. G., The Canadian Quandary (Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1963); Cook, R., “Nationalism in Canada or Portnoy's Complaint Revisited,” The South Atlantic Quarterly 69 (1970), 1–19; Wise, S. F., “The Annexation Movement and Its Effect on Canadian Opinion, 1837–67,” in Wise, S. F. and Brown, R. C., Canada Views the United States (Toronto: Macmillan, 1967); Brunet, M., “Continentalism and Quebec Nationalism: A Double Challenge to Canada,” Queen's Quarterly 76 (1969), 511–27; Corbett, P. E., “Anti-Americanism,” Dalhousie Review 10 (1930–1931), 295–300; Lipset, S. M., The First New Nation (Garden City: Doubleday, 1968), 293; Bell, D. V. J., “The Loyalist Tradition in Canada,” Journal of Canadian Studies 5 (1970), 22–23; Lumsden, Ian (ed.), Close the 49th Parallel etc.: The Americanization of Canada (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1970).

2 Baker, W. M., “A Case Study of Anti-Americanism in English-Speaking Canada: The Election Campaign of 1911,” Canadian Historical Review 51 (1970), 426–49.

3 These data were collected in the spring of 1972 (that is, pre-Watergate); we appreciate the help of Robert Palkowski in the data collection.

4 Likert, R., “A Technique for the Measurement of Attitudes,” Archives of Psychology (1932), no. 140, 5–53.

5 This is not a reflection of bias in the original pool, since only about one-third of the original 96 items dealt with issues of morality.

6 Gibbins, Roger, “Models of Nationalism: A Study of Political Ideologies in the Canadian West,” this Journal 10 (1977), 341–72.