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Body fat location and cardiovascular disease risk factors in overweight female adolescents and eutrophic female adolescents with a high percentage of body fat

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 September 2011

Patrícia F. Pereira ,
Hiara M. S. Serrano ,
Gisele Q. Carvalho ,
Joel A. Lamounier ,
Maria do Carmo G. Peluzio ,
Sylvia do Carmo C. Franceschini  and
Silvia E. Priore
Patrícia F. Pereira*
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition and Health, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
Hiara M. S. Serrano
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition and Health, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
Gisele Q. Carvalho
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition and Health, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
Joel A. Lamounier
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics at the School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
Maria do Carmo G. Peluzio
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition and Health, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
Sylvia do Carmo C. Franceschini
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition and Health, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
Silvia E. Priore
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition and Health, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
*
Correspondence to: P. F. Pereira, Department of Nutrition and Health, Federal University of Viçosa, University Campus, 36570-000 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Tel: +55 31 3899 2542; Fax: +55 31 3899 3176; E-mail: pf_pereira@yahoo.com.br
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Abstract

Background:

Excessive body fat, mainly abdominal fat, is associated with higher cardiovascular risk. However, a fat localisation measurement that would be more indicative of risk in adolescents has not yet been established.

Objective:

This study was conducted in order to evaluate the correlation between body fat location measurements and cardiovascular disease risk factors in female adolescents.

Materials and methods:

A total of 113 girls – 38 eutrophic according to their body mass index but with a high percentage of body fat, 40 eutrophic with adequate body fat, and 35 with excessive weight – were evaluated using 15 anthropometrical measurements and 10 cardiovascular risk factors.

Results:

The central skinfold was the best measurement for predicting variables such as glycaemia and high-density lipoprotein; waist circumference for insulin and homeostasis model assessment; coronal diameter for total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein; sagittal abdominal diameter for triglycerides and leptin; hip circumference for blood pressure; and the central/peripheral skinfold ratio for homocysteine. The correlation between the measurements and the number of risk factors showed that waist circumference and the waist/stature ratio produced the best results.

Conclusions:

The results suggest that the body fat distribution in adolescents is relevant in the development of cardiovascular risk factors. Simple measurements such as waist circumference and the waist/stature ratio were the best predictors of a risk of disease and they should therefore be associated with the body mass index in clinical practice in order to identify those adolescents at higher risk.

Keywords

Body compositionadipositycardiovascular risk factorsadolescentsBrazil
Type
Original Articles
Information
Cardiology in the Young , Volume 22 , Issue 2 , 02 March 2012 , pp. 162 - 169
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2011

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