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Controversies over Tibet: China versus India,1947-49

  • Yun-yuan Yang
Abstract

To the present Beijing Government, Tibet constitutes an integral part of China, officially known as the Tibetan Autonomous Region. The 20th anniversary of its founding was celebrated on 1 September 1985. However, to the 14th Dalai Lama (the former spiritual and temporal leader of Tibet), who has been living in exile in India since 1959, and to thousands of Tibetans living as refugees in India and other parts of the world, the current status of Tibet is open to contention, and as such remains an unresolved issue.

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1 . Dai Jitao, Dai Jitao wencun (Dai Jitao's Collected Works) edited by Chen Tianxi(Taibei: n.p.; n.d.), pp. 386–97. See also, Zheng, Yanfen, “Yongnian Dai Jitao xian sheng” (“My perpetual memories of Dai Jitao”), in Zhuanji wenxue (Biographical Literature), October 1971 (Taibei: P.O. Box 1–36, Biographical Literature).

2 . Zheng, Yanfen, “My perpetual memories.”

3 . Indian Council of World Affairs, Asia (issued on the occasion of the Asian Conference at New Dehli, 1947) (New Delhi: ICWA, 1947), p. 78.

4 . Bimla, Prasad, The Origins of Indian Foreign Policy, 18851947 (Calcutta: Bookland, 1972), p. 253.

5 .Nehru, Jawaharlal, “Asia finds herself again,” Independence and After, A Collection of Speeches (New York: Books for Libraries, 1950), p. 296.

7 Indian Annual Register (1947), Vol. I (New Delhi: Indian Annual Register), p.280.

8 Indian Information, 15 April 1947 (New Delhi: Indian Information)

9 Foreign Affairs Record, Vol. 9 (September 1939) (New Delhi: FAR), p. 229.

10 . Ministry of External Affairs, Government of India, White Paper, No. II, p.39.

11 . bibr

12 . Government of India, White Paper, 1954–1959, p. 53.

13 . Government of India, White Paper II, p. 29.

14 . Jawaharlal, Nehru, India' Foreign Policy, Selected Speeches, September 1946–April 1961. (New Delhi: Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, 1961), p. 353.

15 Neville, Maxwell, India' China War (New York: Doubleday, 1972), pp. 4142. Reference made to Sir Robert Reid, History of the Frontier... Bordering on Assam.

16 . Government of India, White Paper II, p. 39.

17 . K.P.S., Menon, Many Worlds: An Autobiography (London: Oxford University Press, 1965), p. 270.

18 . Zhao, Shixun, “Youguan Zhong-Yin bianjie yu Xizang de waijiao jilu” (“Diplomatic records relating to the Sino-Indian border and Tibet”), Zhuanji wenxue (Biographical Literature), January 1963 (Taibei).

19 . bibr.

20 . bibr. India' note to Nanking is a translation from the Chinese version.

21 . Ngawang, Lobsang (the 14th Dalai Lama), My Land and My People (New York: McGaw-Hill, 1962), p. 78.

22 . Zhao, Shixun, “Diplomatic records.”

23 . bibr. Menon' letter from the Chinese version.

24 . Li, T'ieh-tseng, Tibet, Today and Yesterday (New York: Bookman Associates, 1960), p. 197.

25 . Zhao, Shixun, “Diplomatic records.”

26 . Wu, Juncai, Yindu duli yu Zhong-yin guanxi (India' Independence and Sino-Indian Relations) (Taibei: pub. by the author, 1950), p. 146.

27 . Zhao, Shixun, “Diplomatic records.”

28 . Menon, , Many Worlds, p. 270.

29 . Foreign Affairs Record (August 1958), p. 146.

30 . Lobsang, , My Land, p. 148.

31 . Nehru, , Before and After Independence, pp. 597–98.

32 . Foreign Affairs Record, August 1958, p. 146.

33 . bibr. p. 147.

34 . bibr.

35 . The Times (London), 28 July 1949, p. 7.

36 . bibr. 29 July 1949, p. 7.

37 . bibr.

38 . The Statesman (New Delhi), 30 July 1949, p. 1

39 . Zhao, Shixun, “Diplomatic records.”

40 Tibet, P–199.

41 . Zhao, Shixun, “Diplomatic records.”

42 . bibr. See also Blitz weekly (Bombay), 20 August 1949.

43 . Menon, , Many Worlds, p. 270.

44 . H.E., Richardson, A Short History of Tibet (New York: E.P. Dutton, 1962), p.177.

45 . Foreign Affairs Record, Vol. IV, April 1959, p. 120.

46 . Richardson, , History of Tibet, p. 173.

47 bibr. p. 178.

48 bibr. p. 176.

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The China Quarterly
  • ISSN: 0305-7410
  • EISSN: 1468-2648
  • URL: /core/journals/china-quarterly
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