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Habitual versus affective motivations in obsessive-compulsive disorder and alcohol use disorder

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 February 2020

Gabriela M. Ferreira Open the ORCID record for Gabriela M. Ferreira [Opens in a new window] ,
Rico S.C. Lee ,
Marcelo Piquet-Pessôa Open the ORCID record for Marcelo Piquet-Pessôa [Opens in a new window] ,
Gabriela B. de Menezes ,
Maria E. Moreira-de-Oliveira ,
Lucy Albertella Open the ORCID record for Lucy Albertella [Opens in a new window] ,
Murat Yücel ,
Marcelo dos Santos Cruz ,
Samara dos Santos-Ribeiro  and
Leonardo F. Fontenelle Open the ORCID record for Leonardo F. Fontenelle [Opens in a new window]
Gabriela M. Ferreira
Affiliation:
Obsessive, Compulsive, and Anxiety Spectrum Research Program, Institute of Psychiatry of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Rico S.C. Lee
Affiliation:
Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
Marcelo Piquet-Pessôa
Affiliation:
Obsessive, Compulsive, and Anxiety Spectrum Research Program, Institute of Psychiatry of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Gabriela B. de Menezes
Affiliation:
Obsessive, Compulsive, and Anxiety Spectrum Research Program, Institute of Psychiatry of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Maria E. Moreira-de-Oliveira
Affiliation:
Obsessive, Compulsive, and Anxiety Spectrum Research Program, Institute of Psychiatry of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Lucy Albertella
Affiliation:
Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
Murat Yücel
Affiliation:
Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
Marcelo dos Santos Cruz
Affiliation:
Substance Abuse Research Program, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Samara dos Santos-Ribeiro
Affiliation:
Obsessive, Compulsive, and Anxiety Spectrum Research Program, Institute of Psychiatry of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Leonardo F. Fontenelle*
Affiliation:
Obsessive, Compulsive, and Anxiety Spectrum Research Program, Institute of Psychiatry of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Victoria, Australia D’Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
*
*Author for correspondence: Leonardo F. Fontenelle Email: lfontenelle@gmail.com
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Abstract

Objective

To (1) confirm whether the Habit, Reward, and Fear Scale is able to generate a 3-factor solution in a population of obsessive-compulsive disorder and alcohol use disorder (AUD) patients; (2) compare these clinical groups in their habit, reward, and fear motivations; and (3) investigate whether homogenous subgroups can be identified to resolve heterogeneity within and across disorders based on the motivations driving ritualistic and drinking behaviors.

Methods

One hundred and thirty-four obsessive-compulsive disorder (n = 76) or AUD (n = 58) patients were assessed with a battery of scales including the Habit, Reward, and Fear Scale, the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale, the Alcohol Dependence Scale, the Behavioral Inhibition/Activation System Scale, and the Urgency, (lack of ) Premeditation, (lack of ) Perseverance, Sensation Seeking, and Positive Urgency Impulsive Behavior Scale.

Results

A 3-factor solution reflecting habit, reward, and fear subscores explained 56.6% of the total variance of the Habit, Reward, and Fear Scale. Although the habit and fear subscores were significantly higher in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and the reward subscores were significantly greater in AUD patients, a cluster analysis identified that the 3 clusters were each characterized by differing proportions of OCD and AUD patients.

Conclusions

While affective (reward- and fear-driven) and nonaffective (habitual) motivations for repetitive behaviors seem dissociable from each other, it is possible to identify subgroups in a transdiagnostic manner based on motivations that do not match perfectly motivations that usually described in OCD and AUD patients.

Keywords

Assessmenthabitmotivationsobsessive-compulsive disorderalcohol use disorder
Type
Original Research
Information
CNS Spectrums , Volume 26 , Issue 3 , June 2021 , pp. 243 - 250
Copyright
© Cambridge University Press 2020

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