Anselm Doering-Manteuffel, Wie westlich sind die Deutschen? Amerikanisierung und Westernisierung im 20. Jahrhundert (Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1999), 160 pp., pb., €10.90, ISBN 3-525-34017-6.

Alf Lüdtke, Inge Marssolek, and Adelheid von Saldern, eds., Amerikanisierung: Traum und Alptraum im Deutschland des 20. Jahrhunderts, Transatlantische historische Studien 6 (Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag, 1996), 317 pp., hb., €36.00, ISBN 3-515-06952-6.

Heide Fehrenbach and Uta G. Poiger, eds., Transactions, Transgressions, Transformations: American Culture in Western Europe and Japan (New York: Berghahn Books, 2000), 258 pp., pb., $24.00, ISBN 1-57181-108-7.

Uta G. Poiger, Jazz, Rock, and Rebels: Cold War Politics and American Culture in a Divided Germany, Studies on the History of Society and Culture 35 (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2000), 333 pp., pb., $50.00, ISBN 0-520-21139-1.

Wade Jacoby, Imitation and Politics: Redesigning Modern Germany (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2000), 226 pp., hb., £49.95, ISBN 0-8014-3438-6.

Richard Bosworth, The Italian Dictatorship. Problems and Perspectives in the Interpretation of Mussolini and Fascism (London: Arnold, 1998), 269 pp., pb., £14.99, ISBN 0-340-67727-9.

Ottar Dahl, Syndicalism, Fascism and Post-Fascism in Italy, 1900–1950 (Oslo: Solum Forlag, 1999), 180 pp., hb., 280 NOK, ISBN 82-560-1187-4.

Alexander De Grand, Italian Fascism. Its Origins and Development, 3rd edn (Lincoln, NA, and London: University of Nebraska Press, 2000), 191 pp., pb., £9.95, ISBN 0-8032-6622-7.

Dahlia Elazar, The Making of Fascism. Class, State, and Counter-Revolution, Italy 1919–1922 (Westport, CT, and London: Praeger, 2001), 172 pp., hb., $46.50, ISBN 0-275-95864-7.

Aristotle Kallis, Fascist Ideology. Territory and Expansionism in Italy and Germany, 1922–1945 (London: Routledge, 2000), 286 pp., pb., £15.99, ISBN 0-415-21612-5.

Mark Neocleous, Fascism (Buckingham: Open University Press, 1997), 120 pp., pb., £9.99, ISBN 0-335-19487-7.

John Pollard, The Fascist Experience in Italy (London: Routledge 1998), 158 pp., hb., £40.00, ISBN 0-415-11631-7.

Jeffrey Schnapp, ed., A Primer of Italian Fascism (Lincoln, NA, and London: University of Nebraska Press, 2000), 325 pp., pb., £16.95, ISBN 0-8032-9268-6.

Jeffrey Brooks, Thank You, Comrade Stalin: Soviet Public Culture from Revolution to Cold War (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2000), 319 pp., pb., £12.50/$18.95, ISBN 0-691-08867-5.

Sarah Davies, Popular Opinion in Stalin's Russia: Terror, Propaganda and Dissent, 1934–1941 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997), 236 pp., hb., £45.00, pb., £15.95, ISBN 0-521-56214-7.

Sheila Fitzpatrick, Everyday Stalinism. Ordinary Life in Extraordinary Times: Soviet Russia in the 1930s (New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999), 288 pp., hb., £25.00, ISBN 0-19-505000-2.

Katherine Bliss Eaton, ed., Enemies of the People: The Destruction of Soviet Literary, Theater, and Film Arts in the 1930s (Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press, 2002), 230 pp., hb., £59.95, ISBN 0-8101-1769-X.

J. Otto Pohl, Ethnic Cleansing in the USSR, 1937–1949 (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1999), 179 pp., hb., £44.95, ISBN 0-313-30921-3.

Jean-Jacques Renoliet, L'UNESCO oubliée. La Société des Nations et la coopération intellectuelle (1919–1946), foreword by René Girault (Paris: Publications de la Sorbonne, 1999), 352 pp., FF180, ISBN 2-6384-7701-1.

Christel Taillibert, L'Institut international du cinématographe international éducatif. Regards sur le rôle du cinéma éducatif dans la politique internationale du fascisme italien (Paris: L'Harmattan, 1999), 401 pp., FF180, ISBN 2-85944-384-3.

Marta Aleksandra Balińska, Une vie pour l'humanitaire. Ludwik Rajchmann, 1881–1965, foreword by Bronislaw Geremek, L'Espace de l'histoire (Paris: La Découverte, 1995), 399 pp., FF165, ISBN 2-7071-2485-0.

Richard Katz and Bernhard Wessels, eds., The European Parliament, the National Parliaments, and European Integration (New York: Oxford University Press, 1999), 280pp., £35, h.b., ISBN 0-19-829660-6.

Heinrich Best and Maurizio Cotta, eds., Parliamentary Representatives in Europe, 1848–2000 (Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press 2000), 530pp., £55, h.b., ISBN 0-19-829793-9.

Jean Blondel, Richard Sinnott and Palle Svensson, People and Parliament in the European Union. Participation, Democracy, and Legitimacy (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1998), 287pp., £45, h.b., ISBN 0-19-829308-9.

Amie Kreppel, The European Parliament and Supranational Party System. A Study in Institutional Development (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001), 288pp., £40, h.b., ISBN 0-521-80625-9.

Jan T. Gross, Neighbors: The Destruction of the Jewish Community in Jedwabne, Poland (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2001), 261 pp., ISBN 0-691-08667-2.

Marek Jan Chodakiewicz, Żydzi i Polacy 1918–1955: Współistnienie – zagłada – komunizm (Warsaw: Biblioteka Frondy, 2000), 731 pp., ISBN 8-391-25418-6.

Leo Cooper, In the Shadow of the Polish Eagle: The Poles, the Holocaust, and Beyond (Houndmills and New York: Palgrave, 2000), 255 pp., ISBN 0-333-75265-1.

Martin Dean, Collaboration in the Holocaust: Crimes of the Local Police in Belorussia and Ukraine, 1941–44 (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1999), ISBN 0-312-22056-1.

Yitzhak Arad, Israel Gutman, and Abraham Margaliot, eds., Documents on the Holocaust: Selected Sources on the Destruction of the Jews of Germany and Austria, Poland, and the Soviet Union, 8th edn (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press and Jerusalem: Yad Vashem, 1999), 508 pp., ISBN 0-803-21050-7.

Arthur Turner, The Cost of War: British Policy on French War Debts, 1918–1932 (Brighton: Sussex Academic Press, 1998), 272pp., £45.00 (hb), ISBN 1-898723-37-0.

Patricia Clavin, The Great Depression in Europe, 1929–1939 (Basingstoke: Macmillan/Palgrave 2000) 244pp., £13.99 (pb), ISBN 0-333-60681-7.

Karl Mayer, Zwischen Krise und Krieg. Frankreich in der Außenpolitik der United States zwischen Wirtschaftskrise und Zweitem Weltkrieg (Stuttgart: Steiner, 1999), 275pp., DM 84.00, ISBN 3-515-07373-6.

Christoph Buchheim and Redvers Garside, eds., After the Slump. Industry and Politics in 1930s Britain and Germany (New York and Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang, 2000), 235pp., DM 69.00. ISBN 3-631-34912-2.

Philipp Heyde, Das Ende der Reparationen. Deutschland, Frankreich und der Youngplan 1929–1932. Paderborn: Schöningh, 1998), 506 pp., DM 134.00 ISBN 3-506-77507-3.

Monika Rosengarten, Die Internationale Handelskammer. Wirtschaftspolitische Empfehlungen in der Zeit der Weltwirtschaftskrise 1929–1939 (Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, 2001), 360 pp., DM 148.00, ISBN 3-428-10411-0.

Daniel T. Rodgers, Atlantic Crossings. Social Politics in a Progressive Age (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1998), 634 pp., $36.95, ISBN 0-674-05131-9.

Axel R. Schäfer, American Progressives and German Social Reform, 1875–1920 (Stuttgart: Steiner, 2000), 252 pp., €37.00, ISBN 3-515-07461-9.

Nancy Stieber, Housing Design and Society in Amsterdam. Reconfiguring Urban Order and Identity, 1900–1920 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1998), 386 pp., $45.00, ISBN 0-226-77417-1.

Christian Topalov, ed., Laboratoires du nouveau siècle. La nébuleuse réformatrice et ses réseaux en France, 1880–1914, (Paris: Éditions de l'École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales, 1999), 574 pp., €38.00. ISBN 2-7132-1323-1.

Ada Ferrari and Gaia Giusto (eds.), Milano città della radio televisione (Milan: Francoangeli, 2000) 139pp., L 24,000 (pb) ISBN 88-464-1721-6.

Chiara Giaccardi, Anna Manzato and Giorgio Simonelli, Il paese catodico. Televisione e identità nazionale in Gran Bretagna, Italia e Svizzera Italiana (Milan: FrancoAngeli, 1998) 135pp., L 24,000 (pb) ISBN 88-464-0734-2.

Ralph Negrine, Television and the Press since 1945 Documents in Contemporary History, (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1998), 212pp., £12.99 (pb) ISBN 0-7190-4921-0.

Jeffrey S. Miller, Something Completely Different. British Television and American Culture (University of Minnesota Press, 2000), 208pp., £12.99 (pb), ISBN 0-8166-3241-3, £31.00 (hb) 0-1866-3240-5.

Marie-Francoise Lévy (ed.), La Télévision dans la République. Les années 50, Collection ‘Histoire du temps present’ (Paris: IHTP/CNRS, Editions complexe, 1999), 242pp (pb), €18.30, ISBN 2-87027-730-X.

Francesca Anania, Davanti allo schermo. Storia del pubblico televisivo (Rome: Carocci, 1997), 152pp., L 30,000 (pb), ISBN 88-430-0535-9.

William R. Smyser, From Yalta to Berlin. The Cold War Struggle over Germany. Foreword by Paul H. Nitze (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1999), 465 pp., $39.95. SBN 0-312-06605-8.

Hanns Jürgen Küsters, Der Integrationsfriede. Viermächteverhandlungen über die Friedensregelung mit Deutschland 1945–1990. (Munich: R. Oldenbourg, 2000), 1,026 pp., €64.80, ISBN 3-486-56500-1.

Pierre-Jean Benghozi and Christian Delage, eds., Une histoire économique du cinéma français (1895–1995): Regards croisés franco-américains (Paris: L'Harmattan, 1997), 364pp., €28.97, ISBN 2-7384-5852-1. Laurent Creton, Economie du cinéma: perspectives stratégiques (Paris: Nathan, collection ‘Nathan Université’, 1994), 288 pp., €21.19, ISBN 209-190-219-5. Laurent Creton, Cinéma et marché (Paris: Armand Colin, collection ‘U’, 1997), 254 pp., €20.58, ISBN 2-200-01769-3. Eric Dubet, Economie du cinéma européen: de l'interventionnisme à l'action entrepreneuriale Paris: L'Harmattan, 2000), 286 pp., €22.87, ISBN 2-7384-9043-3. Martin Dale, The Movie Game: The Film Business in Britain, Europe and America (London: Cassell, 1997), 340 pp., $19.95 (pb), ISBN 0-304-33387-5. Jean-Michel Frodon, La projection nationale: cinéma et nation, collection ‘Le champ méthodologique’ (Paris: Odile Jacob, 1998), 248 pp., €20.58, ISBN 2-7381-0586-6. Andrew Higson and Richard Maltby, eds., Film Europe and Film America: Cinema, Commerce and Cultural Exchange (1920–1939) (Exeter: University of Exeter Press, 1999), 406 pp., £40.00, ISBN 0-85989-546-7. Albert Moran, ed., Film Policy: International, National and Regional Perspectives (London: Routledge, 1996), 286 pp., $24.99, ISBN 0-415-09791-6. David Puttnam, The Undeclared War: The Struggle for Control of the World's Film Industry (London: HarperCollins, 1997), 414 pp., £7.99 (pb), ISBN 0-00-255675-8. Jonathan Rosenbaum, Movie Wars: How Hollywood and the Media Conspire to Limit What Films We Can See (Chicago: A Cappella, 2000), 228 pp., $24.00, ISBN 1-55652-406-4.

Andreas Malycha, Die SED. Geschichte ihrer Stalinisierung 1946–1953 (Paderborn: Ferdinand Schöningh, 2000), 541 pp., DM 98.00, ISBN 3-506-75331-2. Gareth Pritchard, The making of the GDR 1945–53. From antifascism to Stalinism (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2000), 244 pp., £45.00, ISBN 0-7190-5654-3. Mark Allinson, Politics and popular opinion in East Germany 1945–68 (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2000), 178 pp., £45.00, ISBN 0-7190-5554-7. Jonathan Grix, The Role of the Masses in the Collapse of the GDR (Basingstoke/New York: Macmillan/Palgrave, 2000), 213 pp., £45.00, ISBN 0-333-80098-2. Raymond G. Stokes, Constructing Socialism. Technology and Change in East Germany, 1945–1990 (Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2000) 260 pp., $51.00, ISBN 0-8018-6391-0. Mary Fulbrook, German National Identity after the Holocaust (Cambridge: Polity Press, 1999), 248pp., £14.99, ISBN 0-7456-1045-5. Detlef Nakath and Gerd-Rüdiger Stephan, Die Häber-Protokolle. Schlaglichter der SED–Westpolitik 1973–1985 (Berlin: Karl Dietz Verlag, 1999), 480 pp., DM 48.00, ISBN 3-320-01968-6. Benno-Eide Siebs, Die Aussenpolitik der DDR 1976–1989. Strategien und Grenzen (Paderborn: Ferdinand Schöningh, 1999), 461 pp., DM 128.00, ISBN 3-506-77510-3.

Daniel Gossel, Briten, Deutsche und Europa. Die Deutsche Frage in der britischen Außenpolitik 1945–1962 (Stuttgart: Steiner, 1999), 259pp., DM 88.00, ISBN 3-515-07159-8. Klaus Larres, ed., Uneasy Allies: British-German Relations and European Integration Since 1945 (Oxford:Oxford University Press, 2000) 344pp., $85.00, ISBN 0-19-829383-6. Werner Rouget, Schwierige Nachbarschaft am Rhein: Frankreich–Deutschland, ed. Ernst Weisenfeld and Joachim Bitterlich (Bonn: Bouvier, 1998), 160pp., DM 29.80 ISBN 3-416-02762-0. Friso Wielenga, Vom Feind zum Partner. Die Niederlande und Deutschland seit 1945. (Münster: Agenda Verlag, 2000), 522pp., DM 59.80, ISBN 3-896880721. Robert Bohn, Jürgen Elvert and Karl Christian Lammers, eds., Deutsch-skandinavische Beziehungen nach 1945 (Stuttgart: Steiner, 1998), 280pp., DM 96.00, ISBN 3-515-07320-5. Birgit Aschmann, ‘Treue Freunde. . .’? Westdeutschland und Spanien 1945–1963 (Stuttgart: Steiner, 1999), 502pp., DM 188.00, ISBN 3-515-07579-8. Guido Müller, ed., Deutschland und der Westen: Internationale Beziehungen im 20. Jahrhundert, Festschrift für Klaus Schwabe. (Stuttgart: Steiner, 1998), 381pp., DM 138.00, ISBN 3-515-07251-9. Gottfried Niedhart, Detlef Junker and Michael W. Richter, eds., Deutschland in Europa. Nationale Interessen und internationale Ordnung im 20.Jahrhundert. (Mannheim: Palatium, 1997), 397pp., DM 98.00, ISBN 3-920671-29-5.

Lendol Calder, Financing the American Dream. A Cultural History of Consumer Credit (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1999), 377 pp., $17.95, ISBN 0-691-05827-X. Ellen Furlough and Carl Strikwerda, eds., Consumers against Capitalism? Consumer Cooperation in Europe, North America, and Japan, 1840–1990 (Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 1999), 377 pp., $29.95, ISBN 0-8476-8649-3. Jennifer A. Loehlin, From Rugs to Riches: Housework, Consumption and Modernity in Germany (Oxford: Berg, 1999), 250 pp., $68.00, ISBN 1-85973-284-4. Susan E. Reid and David Crowley, eds., Style and Socialism. Modernity and Material Culture in Post-War Eastern Europe (Oxford: Berg, 2000), 213 pp., $19.50, ISBN 1-85973-239-9. Susan Strasser, Charles McGovern and Matthias Judt, eds., Getting and Spending. European and American Consumer Societies in the Twentieth Century (Washington: The German Historical Institute and Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998), 477 pp., $19.95, ISBN 0-521-62694-3.

The last twenty years have seen a proliferation of studies tracing the development of the principal institutions of ‘mass consumption’ in Westernised societies during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Studies of leading department stores and the marketing policies of major firms, publicity and sales methods, have sought to increase understanding of the actors or ‘professions’ instrumental in the transformation of such practices, their methods and scope, the reasons for their success and by extension the reasons for the failure of alternative practices, ‘small’ shopkeepers and ‘small’ industrialists who felt threatened by the wave of change.

Ingrid Gilcher-Holtey, ed., 1968 – Vom Ereignis zum Gegenstand der Geschichtswissenschaft (Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Rupprecht, 1998), 307 pp., [euro]36.81, ISBN 3-525-36417-2. Andrew Feenberg and Jim Freedman, When Poetry Ruled the Streets: The French May Events of 1968, with a Foreword by Douglas Kellner (Albany: State University of New York Press, 2001) 192 pp., $18.95, ISBN 0-7914-4966-1. Gerhard Fels, Der Aufruhr der 68er. Zu den geistigen Grundlagen der Studentenbewegung und der RAF (Bonn: Bouvier, 1998) 286 pp., [euro] 23,01, ISBN 3-4160-2816-3. Carole Fink, Philipp Gassert and Detlef Junker, eds., 1968: The World Transformed (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1998), 490 pp., $54.95, ISBN 0-521-64141-1 (hb) $18.95, ISBN 0-521-64637-5 (pb). Ingo Juchler, Die Studentenbewegung in den Vereinigten Staaten und der Bundesrepublik Deutschland der sechziger Jahre: Eine Untersuchung hinsichtlich ihrer Beeinflussung durch Befreiungsbewegungen und – theorien aus der Dritten Welt (Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, 1996), 459 pp., [euro]63.40, ISBN 3-428-08556-6. Michael Kimmel, Studentenbewegungen der 60er Jahre. Frankreich, BRD und USA im Vergleich (Vienna: WUV-Universitätsverlag, 1998), 276 pp., [euro]14.31, ISBN 3-8511-4378-7. Gerd Koenen, Das rote Jahrzehnt: Unsere kleine deutsche Kulturrevolution 1967–1977 (Cologne: Kiepenheuer & Witsch, 2001), 554 pp., [euro]25.51, ISBN 3-4620-2985-1. Wolfgang Kraushaar, 1968 als Mythos, Chiffre und Zäsur (Hamburg: Hamburger Edition, 2000), 370 pp., [euro]24.54, ISBN 3-9309-0859-X. Arthur Marwick, The Sixties: Cultural Revolution in Britain, France, Italy, and the United States, 1958–1974 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998), 903 pp., £25.00, ISBN 0-19-210022-X. Lutz Schulenburg, ed., Das Leben ändern, die Welt verändern. 1968. Dokumente und Berichte (Hamburg: Edition Nautilus, 1998), 471 pp., [euro]20.35, ISBN 3-8940-1289-7.

1998 brought yet another outpouring of jubilee literature marking the thirtieth anniversary of that momentous year 1968. This time, however, there was a noticeable increase in books with a definite scholarly agenda. Thus, the title Ingrid Gilcher-Holtey adapted for her edited volume from François Furet may well capture the gist of a growing feeling: historians are eager to overcome the timeworn recollections of movement apologists and their adversaries and they are beginning to subject the 1960s to more objective analysis.

Aniceto Afonso, História de uma conspiração: Sinel de Cordes e o 28 de Maio (Lisbon: Editorial Notícias, 2000), 222 pp., [euro]12.97, ISBN 972-46-1175-2. Manuel Baiôa, Elites políticas em Évora: Da I República à ditadura militar (1925–1926) (Lisbon: Edições Cosmos, 2000), preface by António Costa Pinto, xvi +344 pp., [euro]21.45, ISBN 972-762-199-6. Telmo Faria, Debaixo de fogo! Salazar e as forças armadas (1935–41) (Lisbon: Edições Cosmos & Instituto de Defesa Nacional, 2000), 286 pp., [euro]26.44, ISBN 972-762-220-8. João Medina, Salazar, Hitler e Franco: Estudos sobre a ditadura (Lisbon: Livros Horizonte, 2000), 308 pp., [euro]18.85, ISBN 972-24-1074-1. Fernando Rosas, Salazarismo e fomento económico: O primado do político na história económica do Estado Novo (Lisbon: Editorial Notícias, 2000), 259 pp., [euro]13.92, ISBN 972-46-1110-8. Pedro Aires Oliveira, Armindo Monteiro: Uma biografia política (Venda Nova: Bertrand Editora, 2000), 340 pp., [euro]17.96, ISBN 972-25-1122-X.

Studies regarding the origins and nature of António Oliveira Salazar's New State are being published in Portugal at an impressive rate. New sources and methods are being employed by Portuguese historians in an attempt to come to grips with a dictatorship which lasted forty-eight years and which, although able to change its guise, was always reluctant to do so, and was never as successful in transforming itself as Francoist Spain.

Cheryl Law, Suffrage and Power: The Women's Movement, 1918–1928 (London: I. B. Taurus, 1997), 260 pp., £39.50, ISBN 1-86064-201-2.

Christine Bard, ed., Un Siècle d'antiféminisme (Paris: Fayard, 1999), 481 pp., FF 150.00, ISBN 2-213-60285-9.

Kathryn Kish Sklar, Anja Schüler and Susan Strasser, eds., Social Justice Feminists in the United States and Germany: A Dialogue in Documents, 1885–1933 (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1998), 381 pp., $19.95, ISBN. 0-8014-8469-3.

Leila Rupp, Worlds of Women: The Making of an International Women's Movement (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1997), 325 pp., cloth $55.00, pb $19.95, ISBN 0-691-01675-5.

Mrinalini Sinha, Donna Guy and Angela Woollacott, eds., Feminisms and Internationalism, Gender and History Special Issue, 264 pp. (Oxford: Blackwell, 1999). $24.95, ISBN 0-631-20919-0.

When we think of the women's movements of the early twentieth century, organisations like Britain's WSPU (Women's Social and Political Union) come to mind and we envision suffragettes marching and getting themselves arrested in cities like London. None of the books discussed here deals with this ‘mainstream’ view of feminism. Instead, they investigate women's movements and reactions to them from other perspectives. Approaching their subject matter from different angles, these recent works offer new interpretations of the history of feminism in the twentieth century. Together they make us consider a geographical re-focusing on the subject of women's movements. They raise questions about the chronology of feminism; they highlight the complicated relationships between ‘globalisation’ and nationalism and centre and periphery; and they draw attention to changing definitions of feminism depending on time and place and the issues at stake.

Peter Fritzsche, Germans into Nazis (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1998), 269 pp., $24.95, ISBN 0-674-35091-X.

Dan P. Silverman, Hitler's Economy: Nazi Work Creation Programs, 1933–1936 (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1998), 384 pp., $45.00, ISBN 0-674-74071-8.

Roderick Stackelberg, Hitler's Germany: Origins, Interpretations, Legacies (London and New York: Routledge, 1999), 432 pp., hb, £50.00, ISBN 0-415-2011414-4.

Conan Fischer, ed., The Rise of National Socialism and the Working Classes in Weimar Germany (Providence and Oxford: Berghahn Books, 1996), 256 pp., hb, $55.00, £37.00, ISBN 1-571-81915-0.

Saul Friedlander, Nazi Germany and the Jews, Vol. I: The Era of Persecution, 1933–1939 (New York: HarperCollins, 1997), 448 pp., hb, $30.00 ISBN 0-060-19042-6.

These works address, among other issues, the following: how widespread was support for Nazism before and after 1933 and how can this support be explained? What was the core of Nazi antisemitism, how important was it to the history of the regime, and how was it translated into policy? Several also demonstrate that, amidst the vast forest of specialist studies, it is also possible to write valuable synthetic works.

Vera Tolz, Russian Academicians and the Revolution: Combining Professionalism and Politics (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1997), 236 pp., £40.00, ISBN 0-333-71239-0.

Nikolai Krementsov, Stalinist Science (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1997), 371 pp., hb, £40, ISBN 0-691-02877-X.

Paul R. Josephson, New Atlantis Revisited: Akademgorodok, the Siberian City of Science (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1997), 351 pp., £27.50, ISBN 0-691-04454-6.

Kristie Macrakis and Dieter Hoffmann, eds., Science under Socialism: East Germany in Comparative Perspective (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1999), 380 pp., hb, £41.50, ISBN 0-674-79477-X.

Loren Graham, What Have We Learned About Science and Technology from the Russian Experience? (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1998), 177 pp., hb, $42.00, ISBN 0-804-73276-0.

Is the position of a citizen in the country to be determined only by his political weight? There was a time when alongside the emperor stood the patriarch: the church was then the bearer of culture. The church is becoming obsolete, the patriarchs have had their day, but the country cannot manage without leaders in the sphere of ideas …

Only science and scientists can move our technology, economy and state order forward …Sooner or later we will have to raise scientists to the rank of patriarch. That will be necessary because without that you will not make scientists always serve the country with enthusiasm … Without that patriarchal position for the scientists the country cannot grow culturally on its own, just as Bacon noted in his ‘New Atlantis’. It is time, therefore, for comrades of Comrade [Lavrenty] Beria's type to begin to learn respect for scientists.

Letter from Peter Leonidovich Kapitsa to Joseph Stalin, 3 October 1945

Eric Duhamel, François Mitterrand. L'unité d'un homme (Paris: Flammarion, 1998), 260 pp., FF 104, ISBN 2-0807 29 40. Bruce D. Graham, Choice and Democratic Order: the French Socialist Party, 1937-1950 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994), 430 pp., ISBN 0-521-41402-4 hardback. Robert Ladrech and Philippe Marlière, eds., Social Democratic Parties in the European Union. History, Organization, Policies. (Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1999), 234 pp., ISBN 0-333-68940-2. Mairi Maclean, ed., The Mitterrand Years. Legacy and Evaluation (Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1998), 336 pp., ISBN 0-333-67167-8. Joseph P. Morray, Grand Disillusion. François Mitterrand and the French Left (Westport, CT: Praeger, 1997), 168 pp., £46, ISBN 0-275-95735-7. Frédéric Sawicki, Les réseaux du Parti socialiste. Sociologie d'un milieu partisan (Paris: Belin, 1997), 335 pp. ISBN 2-7011-2078-0.