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Child dopamine active transporter 1 genotype and parenting: Evidence for evocative gene–environment correlations

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 February 2013

Elizabeth P. Hayden ,
Brigitte Hanna ,
Haroon I. Sheikh ,
Rebecca S. Laptook ,
Jiyon Kim ,
Shiva M. Singh  and
Daniel N. Klein
Elizabeth P. Hayden*
Affiliation:
University of Western Ontario
Brigitte Hanna
Affiliation:
University of Western Ontario
Haroon I. Sheikh
Affiliation:
University of Western Ontario
Rebecca S. Laptook
Affiliation:
Stony Brook University
Jiyon Kim
Affiliation:
Stony Brook University
Shiva M. Singh
Affiliation:
University of Western Ontario
Daniel N. Klein
Affiliation:
Stony Brook University
*
Address correspondence and reprint requests to: Elizabeth Hayden, Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada; E-mail: ehayden@uwo.ca.
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Abstract

The dopamine active transporter 1 (DAT1) gene is implicated in psychopathology risk. Although the processes by which this gene exerts its effects on risk are poorly understood, a small body of research suggests that the DAT1 gene influences early emerging negative emotionality, a marker of children's psychopathology risk. As child negative emotionality evokes negative parenting practices, the DAT1 gene may also play a role in gene–environment correlations. To test this model, children (N = 365) were genotyped for the DAT1 gene and participated in standardized parent–child interaction tasks with their primary caregiver. The DAT1 gene 9-repeat variant was associated with child negative affect expressed toward the parent during parent–child interactions, and parents of children with a 9-repeat allele exhibited more hostility and lower guidance/engagement than parents of children without a 9-repeat allele. These gene–environment associations were partially mediated by child negative affect toward the parent. The findings implicate a specific polymorphism in eliciting negative parenting, suggesting that evocative associations play a role in elevating children's risk for emotional trajectories toward psychopathology risk.

Type
Special Section Articles
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 25 , Issue 1: Gene–Environment Correlation in Developmental Psychopathology , February 2013 , pp. 163 - 173
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2013

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