Preparatory to a full revision of Paraboea (C. B. Cl.) Ridley (Gesneriaceae) 16 new species are described: these come from China (I), Laos (1), Thailand (8), Malay Peninsula (1), Borneo (4 – 2 from Sabah, 2 from Kalimantan) and Sulawesi (1). There is also a new variety of P.multiflora (Thailand). All these plants have spirally twisted fruits except P.amplifolia (Thailand) in which they are short and not twisted.

Nullam profecto plantarum familiam quam Umbelliferas, majoribus premi aut pluribus difficultatibus, nullam ad nostra usque tempora magis esse desertam atque confusam, ecquis negabit, qui vel nuperrimos plantarum indices cum rerum natura ipsa comparaverit?

K. J. P. Sprengel (1813a).

Truly, no family of plants is weighed down with greater or more numerous difficulties, none up to this time is so neglected and confused, as the Umbelliferae. Is there anyone, even one who has compared the very latest indexes of the plants with nature itself, who will deny this?

Native genera of Umbelliferae recorded for southern Africa total 38, and 19 are endemic. Of these, 17 lack close allies either within the area or outside it, suggesting that southern Africa once had a much richer Umbelliferan flora than at present, and emphasizing the importance of the area in the history of the family. The native species number about 195. All names that have been used for southern African species are listed and cross-referenced to the recommended name, which is set out with full synonymy. Difficult problems are discussed in a series of Notes. There is a list of 20 new names (6 new species, 11 transfers and 3 replacement names). The introductory sections include notes on family classification and the phytogeography of the genera; there is a survey of characters useful in classification and particular attention is paid to studies carried out on the family in other areas. All work quoted is fully referenced. A key to the genera is provided.

The taxonomic status of each of the genera within the ‘Gaultheria group of genera’ of the tribe Andromedeae (Ericaceae) has been investigated. These genera are Gaultheria L. (including Pernettya Gaud. and Chiogenes Salisb.), Leucothoë Don, Zenobia Don, Diplycosia Bl., Pernettyopsis King & Gamble and Tepuia Camp. The morphological characters have been discussed.

Quantitative descriptions of the woody flora and soil analyses are given for five areas of cerrado (savanna woodland) near Cuiabá, Mato Grosso state, Brazil. Comparisons are made of the floristic composition and community structure of these areas using polar ordination and hierarchical classification techniques.

Descrições quantitativas da flora lenhosa e anâlises de solos são apresentadas para cinco áreas de cerrado nas proximidades de Cuiabá, Mato Grosso. São realizadas comparações entre estas areas em composição florística e estrutura comunitária utilizando técnicas de ordenação polar e classifiçãcao hierárquica.

Cromapanax lobatus Grierson, gen. et sp. nov. (Araliaceae) is described from Gaylegphug district, southern Bhutan. Its differences with the allied genus Macropanax are outlined, and some notes on ecology given.

Sarcostemma arabicum Bruyns & Forster (Asclepidaceae) is described from the Arabian Peninsula. Comparisons are made to S. socotranum Lavranos and S. viminale (L.) R. Br.

A new species of Hedychium, H. griersonianum, is described and its relationship to H. ellipticum discussed. Two new combinations are made in Stahlianthus, S. inrolucratus (King ex Baker) R. M. Smith, for which a lectotype is selected, and S. andersonii (Baker) R. M. Smith.

The new species Teucrium eburneum (Labiatae), from the limestone escarpment of north-east Somalia and belonging to sect. Teucrium, is described and illustrated.

Ten new endemic species are described from Anatolia: Astragalus chamberlainianus H. Sümbül, Astragalus citriniflorus H. Sümbül, Astragalus anamurensis H. Sümbül, Astragalus turcicus H. Sümbül (Fabaceae), Cephalaria peshmenii H. Sümbül, Cephalaria gazipashensis H. Sümbül (Dipsacaceae), Scorzonera longiana H. Sümbül (Asteraceae), Alkaima angustifolia H. Sümbül, Alkanna milliana H. Sümbül, Alkanna dumanii H. Sümbül (Boraginaceae). The following two taxa are recorded from Turkey for the first time: Cirsium libanoticum DC. subsp. libanoticum. Euphorbia forsskalii (Boiss.) Gay.

Lyperia canariensis and Urbania lyperiiflora are transferred to Camptoloma Benth; Manulea antirrhinoides is transferred to Lyperia Benth., and one species of Lyperia is newly described; fifteen species and one subspecies of Sutera are newly described, and one new combination is made.

Two new species from the eastern Himalaya are described, one in Physospermopsis and one in Sinocarum. Additionally, new combinations are proposed for the Indian area in Bupleurum. Schulzia, Meeboldia, Sinocarum, Pimpinellu, and Angelica.

A new species, Tanacetum gilyiyii R. Khan, is described and the new name T. emodi R. Khan and the new combinations T. roylei (DC.) R. Khan and T. stoliczkae (C.B. Clarke) R. Khan are validated.

Four new species of Alpinia are described; A. glacicaerulea, A. sandsii and A. maxii, all belonging to sect. Myriocrater K.Schum., and A. amentacea, which is placed in the small sect. Eubractea K. Schum.

The lamellate boletes found in the Cooloola Sand-mass, Queensland are described and discussed in the light of earlier Australian records of paxilloid fungi. Nine species of Paxillus are discussed, two in Tapinella, which is maintained as a separate entity, and 11 are assigned to Phylloporus. Of the last, eight are new records to Australia and two are new species. Three appendices cover various aspects of studies on Australian boletes which have come to light since the publication of this series, including notes on the host-range of the parasitic hyphomycete Sepedonium.

Eight species of Thesium are newly described, 3 apparently confined to Zambia, 3 to Zimbabwe and one to Mozambique, with another ranging from Zambia and Zimbabwe west to Botswana, Angola and Namibia.

The classification of three subtropical, primarily Indian, members of the tribe Cynoglosseae (Boraginaceae) which C. B. Clarke included in Paracaryum P. coelestinum (Lindley) Bentham, P. lambertianum C. B. Clarke and P.malabaricum C. B. Clarke – is discussed. The conclusion reached is that Clarke was correct to assign them all to one genus, but that none has any affinity with the mainly Irano-Turanian genus Paracaryum (DC.) Boiss. Cynoglossum L. sect. Paracaryopsis H. Riedl, to which Riedl transferred P. coelestinum, is elevated to generic rank as Paracaryopsis (H. Riedl) R. Mill, with three new combinations at specific rank. A systematic treatment of Paracaryopsis is given.

Four Uromyces species are described as new, viz. U. astragali-alopecuri sp. nov. on Astragalus alopecurus from Turkey, U. astragali-atropilosuli sp. nov. on A. atropilosulus subsp. bequaertii var. bequaertii from Kenya, occurring also in Ethiopia and Tanzania, U. astragali-pseudoutrigeris sp. nov. on A. pseudoutriger from Turkey, and U. semnanensis sp. nov. on A. fridae from Iran. Several new hosts (marked *) are reported for U. punctatus. This rust is reported as new to S America (in Chile).