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Epidemiology & Infection Epidemiology & Infection

Article contents

Epidemiology and molecular diversity of rabies viruses in Bulgaria

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 July 2013

E. ROBARDET ,
D. ILIEVA ,
E. ILIEV ,
E. GAGNEV ,
E. PICARD-MEYER  and
F. CLIQUET
E. ROBARDET*
Affiliation:
French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), Nancy; Laboratory for Rabies and Wildlife, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Management in Zoonoses Control, OIE Reference Laboratory for Rabies, European Union Reference Laboratory for Rabies, European Union Reference Institute for Rabies Serology, Technopôle Agricole et Vétérinaire, Malzéville, France
D. ILIEVA
Affiliation:
National Diagnostic Research Veterinary Medical Institute, National Reference Laboratory of Rabies and monitoring the effectiveness of the vaccination, Sofia, Bulgaria
E. ILIEV
Affiliation:
Bulgarian Food Safety Agency, Sofia, Bulgaria
E. GAGNEV
Affiliation:
Regional Food Safety Directorate, Kyustendil, Bulgaria
E. PICARD-MEYER
Affiliation:
French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), Nancy; Laboratory for Rabies and Wildlife, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Management in Zoonoses Control, OIE Reference Laboratory for Rabies, European Union Reference Laboratory for Rabies, European Union Reference Institute for Rabies Serology, Technopôle Agricole et Vétérinaire, Malzéville, France
F. CLIQUET
Affiliation:
French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), Nancy; Laboratory for Rabies and Wildlife, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Management in Zoonoses Control, OIE Reference Laboratory for Rabies, European Union Reference Laboratory for Rabies, European Union Reference Institute for Rabies Serology, Technopôle Agricole et Vétérinaire, Malzéville, France
*
* Author for correspondence: Dr E. Robardet, ANSES, Lyssavirus Unit, Batiment H, Technopôle Agricole et Vétérinaire, BP 40 009, Malzéville 54220 France. (Email: emmanuelle.robardet@anses.fr)
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Summary

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A health emergency situation occurred in Bulgaria in 2007 when positive rabies cases were notified in Sofia district in the central-western part of the country, suggesting a southward spread of the disease for the first time in the last 10 years. Phylogenetic analysis on 49 isolates sampled between 2009 and 2011 showed, for the first time, evidence of the existence of NEE and D clustered lineages in Bulgaria. Their geographical distribution clearly reveals the permeability of natural barriers, as already suggested by the disease spread that occurred across the Balkan mountain range in 2007. The monitoring and passive surveillance programmes conducted since the first 2009 oral vaccination campaign, the spatio-temporal evolution of the disease in the country since 2007, and the need for further investigation of the role of jackals in virus dispersion are discussed.

Keywords

Bulgariaepidemiologyoral vaccinationphylogenyrabies virus
Type
Short Report
Information
Epidemiology & Infection , Volume 142 , Issue 4 , April 2014 , pp. 871 - 877
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2013 

References

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