Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-r6qrq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-25T23:32:19.167Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Saved by Danger/Destroyed by Success. The Argument of Tocqueville’s Souvenirs

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 August 2009

Stephen Holmes*
Affiliation:
New York University School of Law [stephen.holmes@nyu.edu].
Get access

Abstract

Into the ironic narrative of his Souvenirs, Tocqueville weaves a schematic saved-by-danger vs. destroyed-by-success scheme to illuminate the conditions under which revolutionary movements are crushed or prevail. Emergencies focus distracted minds on a single aim-in-view and moderate competitive emotions, encouraging talented members of a privileged group to pool their resources cooperatively. Contrariwise, less salient dangers creep up on privileged groups, taking them unawares, especially if they have become inured to danger by a seemingly unchallenging environment.

Résumé

Dans le récit plein d'ironie que donne ses Souvenirs, Tocqueville esquisse un schéma d'opposition entre Sauvé par le danger et Perdu par le succès qui éclaire les conditions sous lesquelles les mouvements révolutionnaires s'effondrent ou réussissent. Les situations critiques concentrent les esprits avec un seul objectif en vue, modèrent les appétits concurrents en encourageant les membres talentueux du groupe qui tient l'avantage à coopérer avec toutes leurs ressources. À l'opposé, des dangers moins pressants endorment la vigilance des groupes privilégiés, surtout s'ils se sont habitués au danger dans un environnement apparemment peu inquiétant.

Zusammenfassung

In der ironischen Erzählung Souvenirs skizziert Tocqueville den Gegensatz zwischen gerettet vor der Gefahr und verloren durch den Erfolg, um den Untergang oder Sieg revolutionärer Bewegungen zu erklären. Kritische Situationen führen zur Begrenzung auf ein Ziel, verringern das Konkurrenzdenken, wobei talentierte Mitglieder von der Gruppendynamik profitieren. Im Gegensatz dazu verringern weniger dringende Gefahren die Wachsamkeit der privilegierten Gruppen, vor allen Dingen wenn sie an Gefahr in einer scheinbar harmlosen Umgebung gewohnt sind.

Type
Research Articles
Copyright
Copyright © A.E.S. 2009

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Descartes, René, 1967. The Philosophical Works, edited by Haldane, Elizabeth and Ross, G.R.T. (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press).Google Scholar
Elster, Jon, 1990. Psychologie politique: Veyne, Zinoviev, Tocqueville (Paris, Éditions de Minuit).Google Scholar
Hirschman, Albert, 1958. The Strategy of Economic Development (New Haven, Yale University Press).Google Scholar
Keynes, John Maynard, 1971. The Collected Writings, vol. VI (Cambridge, Macmillan).Google Scholar
Magraw, Roger, 1986. France 1815-1914 (Oxford, Oxford University Press).Google Scholar
Shiner, Larry E, 1988. The Secret Mirror: Rhetoric and History in Tocqueville's Recollections (Ithaca, Cornell University Press).Google Scholar
Tocqueville, Alexis de, 1955. The Old Regime and the Revolution (Garden City, N.Y., Doubleday).Google Scholar
Tocqueville, Alexis de, 1969. Democracy in America (Garden City, N.Y., Doubleday).Google Scholar
Tocqueville, Alexis de, 1987. Recollections: The French Revolution of 1848, edited by Mayer, J.P. and Kerr, A.P. (New Brunswick, Transaction Books). (The original was first published in 1893.)Google Scholar
Tocqueville, Alexis de, 1988. Journeys to England and Ireland (New Brunswick, Transaction Books).Google Scholar