Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-c4f8m Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-19T05:01:59.566Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Habitat dioramas as ecological theatre

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 July 2009

Abstract

Habitat dioramas are natural history scenarios which typically feature mounted zoological specimens arranged in a foreground that replicates their native surroundings in the wild. Ideally, the three-dimensional foreground merges imperceptibly into a painted background landscape, creating an illusion—if only for a moment—of atmospheric space and distance. More profoundly, some of the major controversies hidden in the diorama concept are: taxonomic versus ecologic understanding; art versus science; popular education versus scientific documentation; culturally biased perception versus ‘objectivity’; and ‘Omni-max’ versus diorama.

Type
FOCUS—The Future of Museums
Copyright
Copyright © Academia Europaea 1993

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1.Ripley, D. (1969) The Sacred Grove: Essays on Museums. (New York) p. 75.Google Scholar
2.Murphy, R. C. (1937) Natural history exhibits and modern education. Scientific Monthly (07 1937) 78.Google Scholar
3.Odum, E. (1971) Fundamentals of Ecology. (Philadelphia) 176.Google Scholar
4. See Wonders, K. (1990) The illusionary art of background painting. Curator, 33 (2), 90118.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5.Butler, A. E. (1934) Building the museum group. Guide Leaflet Series No. 82. American Museum of Natural History (10 1934) 30.Google Scholar
6.von Humboldt, A. (1849) Cosmos, 4th edn, tr. MrsSabine, (London), vol. 2, p. 91.Google Scholar
7.Flower, W. H. (1898) Essays on Museums and Other Subjects Connected with Natural History (London) 55.Google Scholar
8.Hudson, K. (1977) Museums for the 1980s: A Survey of World Trends (London) 8.Google Scholar
9.Farrington, O. C. (1916) The Rise of Natural History Museums. Science (13 08 1916) 204.Google Scholar
10.Dill, H. R. (1916) Correlation of art and science in the museum,Proceedings of the Eleventh Annual Meeting of the American Association of Museums(Washington)128.Google Scholar
11.Evermann, B. W. (1918) Modern natural history museums and their relations to public education. Scientific Monthly, 6 (0106) 11.Google Scholar
12.Osborn, H. F. (1916) The museum as a new force in public school development.Proceedings of the National Educational Association, p. 739.Google Scholar
13.Ellenius, A. (1985) Ecological vision and wildlife painting towards the end of the 19th century, in The Natural Sciences and the Arts: Aspects of Interaction from the Renaissance to the 20th Century (Uppsala) 147165.Google Scholar
14. For a review of the current situation of these musuems, see Wonders, K. (1992) Sweden's biological museums. Curator, 35(3), 190205.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
15.von Linné, C. (1754) Naturaliesamlingars ändamål och nytta. Företal till arbetet Konung Adolf Frederiks naturalisamling, in Skrifter af Carl von Linné. Kungl. Vetensk. Akad., vol. 2, no. 6 (Uppsala, 1960).Google Scholar
16. See Rydell, R. W. (1984) All the World's a Fair: Visions of Empire at American International Expositions, 1876–1916 (Chicago) and P. Greenhalgh (1988) Ephemeral Vistas: the Expositions Universelles. Great Exhibitions and World's Fairs 1851–1939 (Manchester).Google Scholar
17. See Karp, I. and Lowrie, S. (Eds) (1991) Exhibiting Cultures: the Poetics and Politics of Museum Display (Washington DC).Google Scholar
18. See Karp, I. and Lowrie, S. (Eds) (1991) Exhibiting Cultures: the Poetics and Politics of Museum Display (Washington DC) 23.Google Scholar
19.Haraway, D. (1984) Primate Vision: Gender, Race, and Nature in the World of Modern Science (New York) 39.Google Scholar
20.Hutchinson, G. E. (1965) The Ecological Theatre and the Evolutionary Play (New Haven, CT) 107.Google Scholar
21. (1894) Taxidermy as a fine art. Natural Science (08) p. iv.Google Scholar
22. (1917) Where science joins hands with art. Scientific American (10 02 1917) 155.Google Scholar
23.Murphy, R. C. (1937) Natural history exhibits and modern education. Scientific Monthly (07) 76.Google Scholar
24.Salinger, J. D. (1945) Catcher in the Rye (Boston) 121.Google Scholar
25.Perry, R. K. (1938) Atmosphere and color in simple habitat groups. Museums Journal, 37, 537.Google Scholar
26.Coleman, L. V. (1939) The Museum in America: A Critical Study (Washington DC) 261.Google Scholar
27.Wittlin, A. S. (1970) Museums: In Search of a Usable Future (Cambridge, MA) 137.Google Scholar
28.Meyer, K. O. (1982) Dioramen—aber wie? Museumskunde, 47(2), 8394.Google Scholar
29.Wheeler, W. M. (1927) Carl Akeley's early work and environment. Natural History, XXVII (0304) 141.Google Scholar
30.Mumford, L. (1975) Findings and Keepings: Analects for an Autobiography (New York) 33.Google Scholar
31.Parr, A. E. (1980) On museums of art and nature. Museum News (10) 41.Google Scholar
32.Reynolds, A. (1988) Reproducing nature: the museum of natural history as non-site. 10 (Summer) 109127.Google Scholar
33.Reynolds, A. (1988) Reproducing nature: the museum of natural history as non-site. 10 (Summer) 127.Google Scholar
34.d'Harnoncourt, A. (1987) Etant Donnés (Philadelphia).Google Scholar
35.Hägerstrand, T. (1987) Presence and absence: a look at conceptual choices and bodily necessities. Regional Studies, 18.5, 373380.Google Scholar
36.Hägerstrand, T. (1991) The landscape as overlapping neighbourhoods. In Carlestam, G. and Sollbe, B. (Eds) Om Tidens Vidd och Tingens ordning (Stockholm) 4755.Google Scholar
37.Berger, J. (1977) Animals as metaphor. New Society (10 03) 504505.Google Scholar
38.Parr, A. E. (1969) The role of natural history museums in the life of man. In Natural History Museums and the Community (Stockholm) 62.Google Scholar
39.Butler, B. (1993) Nineteenth-century museums in the twenty-first century: can they be taken seriously? Curator, 36(1), 14.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
40.Worster, D. (1988) Doing environmental history. In Worster, D. (Ed) The Ends of the Earth: Perspectives on Modern Environmental History (Cambridge) 292.Google Scholar