Beck, D. P., Wery, J., Saxena, M. C. & Ayada A. (1991). Dinitrogen fixation and nitrogen balance in cool-season food legumes. Agronomy journal 83:334–341.
Bolan, N. S., Robson, A. D. & Barrow, N. J. (1983). Plant and soil factors including mycorrhizal infection causing sigmoidal response of plants to applied phosphorus. Plant and Soil 73:187–201.
Cooper, P. J. M., Gregory, P. J., Tully, D. & Harris, H. C. (1987). Improving water use efficiency of annual crops in the rainfed farming systems of West Asia and North Africa. Experimental Agriculture 23:113–158.
Dinkelaker, B. (1990). Genotypische Unterschiede in der Phosphateffizienz von Kichererbse (Cicer arietinum L.). PhD thesis, Hohenheim University, Germany.
Ehrman, T. & Cocks, P. S. (1990). Ecogeography of annual legumes in Syria: distribution patterns. Journal of Applied Ecology 27:578–591.
Fitter, A. H. (1985). Functioning of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas under field conditions. New Phylologist 99:257–265.
George, E., Weber, E. & Saxena, M. C. (1988). VA mycorrhiza studies. In Food Legume Improvement Program. Annual Report for 1987, 159–162. Aleppo, Syria: ICARDA.
Gerdemann, J. W. & Nicolson, T. H. (1963). Spores of mycorrhizal Endogone species extracted from soil by wet sieving and decanting. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 46:235–244.
Gericke, S. & Kurmies, B. (1952). Die kolorimetrische Phosphorsäurebestimmung mit Ammonium-Vanadat-Molybdat and ihre Anwendung in der Pflanzenanalyse. Zeitschrift für Pflanzenernährnng, Düngung and Bodenkunde 59:235–247.
Hirata, H., Masunaga, T. & Koiwa, H. (1988). Response of chickpea grown on Ando-soil to vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal infection in relation to the level of phosphorus application. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 34:441–449.
Keatinge, J. D. H., Neate, P. J. H. & Shepherd, K. D. (1985). The role of fertilizer management in the development and expression of crop drought stress in cereals under Mediterranean environmental conditions. Experimental Agriculture 21:209–222.
Kothari, S. K., Marschner, H. & George, E. (1990). Effect of VA mycorrhizal fungi and rhizosphere microorganisms on root and shoot morphology, growth and water relations in maize. New Phytologist 116:303–311.
Li, X.-L., George, E. & Marschner, H. (1991). Extension of the phosphorus depletion zone in VA-mycorrhizal white clover in a calcareous soil. Plant and Soil 136:41–48.
Marschner, H., Römheld, V., Horst, W. J. & Martin, P. (1986). Root-induced changes in the rhizosphere: Importance for the mineral nutrition of plants. Zeitschrift für Pflanzenernährung und Bodenkunde 149:441–456.
Matar, A. E. & Brown, S. C. (1989). Effect of rate and method of phosphate placement on productivity of durum wheat in a Mediterranean climate. II. Root distribution and P dynamics. Fertilizer Research 20:83–88.
Mosse, B. (1981). Vesicular-arbuscular Mycorrhiza Research for Tropical Agriculture. Research Bulletin 194. Hawaii: Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii.
Olsen, S. R. & Sommers, L. E. (1982). Phosphorus. In Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2: Chemical and Microbiological Properties, 2nd ed., 403–430 (Eds Page, A. L., Miller, R. H. and Keeney, D. R.). Madison: American Society of Agronomy.
Osman, A. E., Cocks, P. S., Russi, L. & Pagnotta, M. A. (1991). Response of Mediterranean grassland to phosphate and stocking rates: biomass production and botanical composition. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 116:37–46.
Phillips, J. M. & Hayman, D. S. (1970). Improved procedures for clearing roots and staining parasitic and vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi for rapid assessment of infection. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 55:158–161.
Plenchette, C., Fortin, J. A. & Furlan, V. (1983). Growth responses of several plant species to mycorrhizae in soil of moderate P-fertility. I. Mycorrhizal dependency under field conditions. Plant and Soil 70:199–209.
Raju, P. S., Clark, R. B., Ellis, J. R., Duncan, R. R. & Maranville, J. W. (1990). Benefit and cost analysis and phosphorus efficiency of VA mycorrhizal fungi colonizations with sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) genotypes grown at varied phosphorus levels. Plant and Soil 124:199–204.
Saxena, N. P., Krishnamurthy, L. & Sheldrake, A. R. (1988). Responses of chickpea to phosphorus application on a vertisol in a semi-arid environment. In Phosphorus in Indian Vertisols, 23–24. Patancheru: ICRISAT.
Singh, M. & Tilak, K. V. B. R. (1989). Field response of chickpea to inoculation with Glomus versiforme. Plant and Soil 119:281–284.
Smithson, J. B., Thompson, J. A. & Summerfield, R. J. (1985). Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). In Grain Legume Crops, 312–390 (Eds. Summerfield, R.J. and Roberts, E. H.). London: William Collins.
Tennant, D. (1975). A test of a modified line intersect method for estimation of root length. Journal of Ecology 63:995–1001.
Thompson, J. P. (1987). Decline of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae in long fallow disorder of field crops and its expression in phosphorus deficiency of sunflower. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 38:847–867.
