Of the amount of vertical movement which took place in the great mountain axis of the Eastern continent, subsequently to the deposition of the Eocene strata, the following facts afford sufficient proof. The marine Nummulitic rocks, besides constituting very large portions of the flanks of this vast mountain axis, and of its connected chains, such as the Pyrenees, the Carpathians, and the Caucasus, form the actual summits of such grand Alpine peaks as the Diablerets, and the Dent du Midi, rising to the heights of 10,670 and 10,531 respectively above the sea-level; while in Western Thibet the same Eocene strata are seen raised to an elevation of no less than 16,500 feet above the sea.

The Coprolites or phosphatic nodules of the Cambridge Greensand frequently contain amongst other included bodies a number of Foraminifera and glauconite granules, of the same kind as those found scattered loosely throughout the Greensand bed.

This genus was founded by Mr. Carruthers to include those compound forms of monoprionidian Graptolites in which the polypary is unilateral, growing from the initial point in one direction only. There can be no hesitation in regarding it morphologically as a branching Monograptus; its mode of development, the characters of its hydrothecæ, and its geological distribution, all pointing unmistakably in this direction.

In a paper, read before the Geological Society of London (June 25, 1873), “ On the Glacial Phenomena of the Long Island or Outer Hebrides,” Mr. James Geikie mentioned the occurrence of two descriptions of stony clay in the Long Island. The first of these deposits or “Bottom Till” occupies the low ground of the island, and is derived from the disintegration chiefly of gneissie rocks, and so far as observation went proved to be unfossiliferous. The other deposit was found in the north of Lewis, along the coast, and consists of two beds of unstratified stony clay containing fragments of shells, the lower resting on rock in situ.

In the Report of the British Association for 1874 will be found the abstract of a paper on the Age and Mode of Formation of Lough Neagh, with a description of the Pliocene clays which form an ancient and extensive delta at its southern extremity. At the time I penned the paper in question, although I was perfectly satisfied from cumulative circumstantial evidence that the clays were of much more recent date than the Miocene Basalt which surrounds the lake on three sides, I had no actual proof to bring forward—the junction of the basalt and the clay beds being nowhere visible, so far as I had had an opportunity of examining the district, this comprising all the shores of the Lough, with the exception of a small corner near Crumlin; and it was therefore necessary to state, even at the risk of tediousness, the reasons why the clays must be considered to be the uppermost, and to be of Pliocene age.