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Range inclusion for normal derivations

  • C. K. Fong (a1)
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For a (bounded, linear) operator A in a (complex, infinite-dimensional, separable) Hilbert space ℋ, the inner derivation DA as an operator on ℬ(ℋ), is defined by DAX = AXXA. Johnson and Williams [4] showed that, when A is a normal operator, range inclusion DBℬ(ℋ)⊆DA(ℋ)⊆ is equivalent to the condition that B = f(A), where f is a Lipschitz function on σ(A) such that t(z, w)(f(z)–f(w))/(zw) is a trace class kernel on L2(μ) whenever t(z, w) is such a kernel. (Here μ is the dominating scalar valued spectral measure of A constructed in multiplicity theory). This result is deep and its proof is difficult. In the present paper, we establish the following analogous result which is easier to prove: for a normal operator A, range inclusion DB2(ℋ) holds if and only if B = f(A) for some Lipschitz function f on σ(A). Here ℘(ℋ) stands for the Hilbert-Schmidt class of operators on ℋ. As by-products of our argument, we generalize some results in [4], [8], [9] concerning the non-existence of a one-sided ideal contained in certain derivation ranges; for example, we show that if A is hyponormal and if the point spectrum σP(A*) of A* is empty, then DAℬ(ℋ) does not contain any nonzero right ideal.

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References
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1.Clancy, K. F., On the local spectra of seminormal operators, Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 72 (1978), 473479.
2.Embry, M. R., Factorizations of operators on Banach space, Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 38 (1973), 587590.
3.Johnson, B. E., Continuity of linear operators commuting with continuous linear operators, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 128 (1967), 88102.
4.Johnson, B. E. and Williams, J. P., The range of a normal derivation, Pacific J. Math. 58 (1975), 105122.
5.Putnam, C. R., Ranges of normal and subnormal operators, Michigan Math. J. 18 (1971), 3336.
6.Schatten, R., Norm ideals of completely continuous operators (Springer-Verlag, 1960).
7.Stampfli, J. G., Derivations on ℋ(ℋ): the range, Illinois J. Math. 17 (1973), 518524.
8.Weber, R. E., The range of a derivation and ideals, Pacific J. Math. 50 (1974), 617624.
9.Williams, J. P., On the range of a derivation II, Proc. Roy. Irish Acad. Sect. A 74 (1974), 299310.
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Glasgow Mathematical Journal
  • ISSN: 0017-0895
  • EISSN: 1469-509X
  • URL: /core/journals/glasgow-mathematical-journal
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